(2244,2,'2022-04-22 19:32:36','2022-04-22 19:32:36','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Smart Sensors and Controls\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What are Smart Sensors and Controls?</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart sensors are devices that monitor conditions of the physical environment and building equipment such as temperature, air flow, moisture, humidity, lighting and daylighting levels, offer smoke and CO detection, and collect data about real-time building occupancy, and energy and water use (see <em>Daylighting</em>). Electronic actuators process these measurements, and smart controls utilize the data to adjust building conditions and optimize building performance in areas such as lighting and shading, HVAC systems, security, fire suppression, equipment plug loads, and landscape irrigation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Controls utilize software with standardized communication protocols on networked computing devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, PCs or through dedicated hardware interfaces such as wall-mounted controls. Smart buildings consist of an integrated network of advanced sensors and controls and use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to connect building systems and enable automated building operations and control.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_239\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"658\"]<img class=\"wp-image-239 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Smart-Sensors-and-Controls-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Weather-Based Irrigation Control System (Source: Flickr user slworking2)\" width=\"658\" height=\"502\" /> Figure 1 – Weather-Based Irrigation Control System (Source: Flickr user slworking2)[/caption]<p>For example, smart thermostats coupled with smart HVAC systems use multiple sensors and controls to monitor and ensure proper humidity levels and temperature settings, control energy consumption in unoccupied areas, and detect and diagnose issues. Smart appliances such as refrigerators and freezers use sensors and controls to remotely track and manage variables such as temperature, humidity, and energy use. Demand response enabled devices, including smart thermostats and certain appliances, can be controlled remotely by an energy provider to reduce peak power demand (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Smart lighting consists of networked LED and linear fluorescent luminaires with advanced sensors that can detect lighting failure and advanced controls that utilize dual-technology infrared plus ultrasonic occupancy and vacancy sensing, daylight harvesting, dimming controls and task tuning (see <em>High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Smart solar window films adjust window tints based on incoming daylight, and window shading systems use auto-controlled devices that open and close at specific times of the day to manage light levels and solar heat gain (see <em>Energy-Efficient Windows</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Smart plug load controls, including smart outlets and advanced power strips, use scheduling, motion sensing, or load detection to turn off equipment when not in use (see <em>ENERGY STAR Equipment and Plug Load</em>). Smoke detectors enable automated sprinkler systems to function correctly, and CO sensors trigger alarms to protect building occupants before exposure to dangerous CO levels. Smart security systems automatically unlock doors for building employees using different types of sensors such as facial recognition or mobile phone GPS. Smart water metering and irrigation systems use sensors to monitor water use, detect leaks, and prevent irrigation systems from running when it is raining or when unnecessary.</p>\n<p>Smart building technologies can connect users to a smart grid (see <em>Smart Metering</em>). Smart metered buildings utilize advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Smart metered buildings with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Smart Sensors and Controls</strong></h2>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the building and the building’s intended use. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. A building can incorporate multiple smart technologies or a single service such as a smart lighting system or a smart security system depending on the needs and desires of the building users. Look for devices with interoperability between smart building technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/governmentwide-initiatives/sustainability/emerging-building-technologies/published-findings/energy-management/wireless-thermostats-for-pneumatic-systems\">GSA Green Proving Ground (GPG): Wireless Pneumatic Thermostats</a></p>\n<p>A study conducted by the GSA Green Proving Ground Program found that wireless pneumatic thermostats, which detect space temperature and can wirelessly control HVAC systems, can cost-effectively reduce energy use by implementing unoccupied/occupied energy-saving control strategies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/misc/success-story/panasonic\">Panasonic Corporation of North America, Newark, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>Through New Jersey’s Clean Energy Pay for Performance Program, Panasonic received guidance and financial incentives to implement lighting control strategies including daylight harvesting.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart building technologies provide tools to detect and manage building operations and maintenance, comfort, and energy performance issues, resulting in better equipment maintenance, higher occupant satisfaction, and reduced energy consumption and costs. Smart metered buildings can also track real-time energy consumption, allowing business owners to monitor and certify peak energy use reductions, and take advantage of lower electricity charges and peak demand incentive programs offered by utilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of smart technologies vary depending on the technology’s features and capabilities. In general, smart technologies that cover the whole building in one application benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Individual technologies, such as smart thermostats typically cost less for smaller buildings. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often cover the costs of smart control projects.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart controls contribute to a building’s resiliency by providing real-time feedback on the status of critical building systems, notifying building operators when and where a problem exists, and providing remote access for turning systems on or off during potential power outages or other disruptive events. Smart sensors that do not rely on external power or wired networks can continue to provide feedback during power outages. Smart metering and smart devices and appliances with demand response ready equipment also benefit the energy system and promote resiliency by supporting grid stability, reducing peak energy demand, and increasing the use of renewable energy.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Marina Sofos. 2018. “Sensor and Control Technologies: R&amp;D Overview.” Building Technologies Office (BTO). U.S. Department of Energy: Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. BTO Peer Review. April 30, 2018. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f52/Sofos-Peer-Review-S%26C-043018.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f52/Sofos-Peer-Review-S%26C-043018.pdf</a> (accessed Aug 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Jennifer King and Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: Using Smart Technology to Save Energy in Existing Buildings.” February 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.   <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Jennifer King and Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: Using Smart Technology to Save Energy in Existing Buildings.” February 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.   <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: A Deeper Dive into Market Segments.” December 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1703.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1703.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-star-equipment-and-plug-loads/\">ENERGY STAR Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls/\">High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Wind Energy Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-pv-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-meters/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://aceee.org/\">American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://cda.iea-4e.org/\">The Connected Devices Alliance (CDA) Centre of Excellence</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/heating_cooling/smart_thermostats\">ENERGY STAR – Smart Thermostats</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartbuildingscenter.org/\">Smart Buildings Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/smart-controls\">Whole Building Design Guide – Smart Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','Auto Draft','','inherit','closed','closed','','2240-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:32:36','2022-04-22 19:32:36','',2240,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2244',0,'revision','',0);
INSERT INTO `wp_posts` VALUES (2246,2,'2022-04-22 19:32:39','2022-04-22 19:32:39','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Smart Sensors and Controls\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What are Smart Sensors and Controls?</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart sensors are devices that monitor conditions of the physical environment and building equipment such as temperature, air flow, moisture, humidity, lighting and daylighting levels, offer smoke and CO detection, and collect data about real-time building occupancy, and energy and water use (see <em>Daylighting</em>). Electronic actuators process these measurements, and smart controls utilize the data to adjust building conditions and optimize building performance in areas such as lighting and shading, HVAC systems, security, fire suppression, equipment plug loads, and landscape irrigation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Controls utilize software with standardized communication protocols on networked computing devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, PCs or through dedicated hardware interfaces such as wall-mounted controls. Smart buildings consist of an integrated network of advanced sensors and controls and use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to connect building systems and enable automated building operations and control.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_239\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"658\"]<img class=\"wp-image-239 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Smart-Sensors-and-Controls-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Weather-Based Irrigation Control System (Source: Flickr user slworking2)\" width=\"658\" height=\"502\" /> Figure 1 – Weather-Based Irrigation Control System (Source: Flickr user slworking2)[/caption]<p>For example, smart thermostats coupled with smart HVAC systems use multiple sensors and controls to monitor and ensure proper humidity levels and temperature settings, control energy consumption in unoccupied areas, and detect and diagnose issues. Smart appliances such as refrigerators and freezers use sensors and controls to remotely track and manage variables such as temperature, humidity, and energy use. Demand response enabled devices, including smart thermostats and certain appliances, can be controlled remotely by an energy provider to reduce peak power demand (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Smart lighting consists of networked LED and linear fluorescent luminaires with advanced sensors that can detect lighting failure and advanced controls that utilize dual-technology infrared plus ultrasonic occupancy and vacancy sensing, daylight harvesting, dimming controls and task tuning (see <em>High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Smart solar window films adjust window tints based on incoming daylight, and window shading systems use auto-controlled devices that open and close at specific times of the day to manage light levels and solar heat gain (see <em>Energy-Efficient Windows</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Smart plug load controls, including smart outlets and advanced power strips, use scheduling, motion sensing, or load detection to turn off equipment when not in use (see <em>ENERGY STAR Equipment and Plug Load</em>). Smoke detectors enable automated sprinkler systems to function correctly, and CO sensors trigger alarms to protect building occupants before exposure to dangerous CO levels. Smart security systems automatically unlock doors for building employees using different types of sensors such as facial recognition or mobile phone GPS. Smart water metering and irrigation systems use sensors to monitor water use, detect leaks, and prevent irrigation systems from running when it is raining or when unnecessary.</p>\n<p>Smart building technologies can connect users to a smart grid (see <em>Smart Metering</em>). Smart metered buildings utilize advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Smart metered buildings with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Smart Sensors and Controls</strong></h2>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the building and the building’s intended use. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. A building can incorporate multiple smart technologies or a single service such as a smart lighting system or a smart security system depending on the needs and desires of the building users. Look for devices with interoperability between smart building technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/governmentwide-initiatives/sustainability/emerging-building-technologies/published-findings/energy-management/wireless-thermostats-for-pneumatic-systems\">GSA Green Proving Ground (GPG): Wireless Pneumatic Thermostats</a></p>\n<p>A study conducted by the GSA Green Proving Ground Program found that wireless pneumatic thermostats, which detect space temperature and can wirelessly control HVAC systems, can cost-effectively reduce energy use by implementing unoccupied/occupied energy-saving control strategies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/misc/success-story/panasonic\">Panasonic Corporation of North America, Newark, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>Through New Jersey’s Clean Energy Pay for Performance Program, Panasonic received guidance and financial incentives to implement lighting control strategies including daylight harvesting.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart building technologies provide tools to detect and manage building operations and maintenance, comfort, and energy performance issues, resulting in better equipment maintenance, higher occupant satisfaction, and reduced energy consumption and costs. Smart metered buildings can also track real-time energy consumption, allowing business owners to monitor and certify peak energy use reductions, and take advantage of lower electricity charges and peak demand incentive programs offered by utilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of smart technologies vary depending on the technology’s features and capabilities. In general, smart technologies that cover the whole building in one application benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Individual technologies, such as smart thermostats typically cost less for smaller buildings. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often cover the costs of smart control projects.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart controls contribute to a building’s resiliency by providing real-time feedback on the status of critical building systems, notifying building operators when and where a problem exists, and providing remote access for turning systems on or off during potential power outages or other disruptive events. Smart sensors that do not rely on external power or wired networks can continue to provide feedback during power outages. Smart metering and smart devices and appliances with demand response ready equipment also benefit the energy system and promote resiliency by supporting grid stability, reducing peak energy demand, and increasing the use of renewable energy.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Marina Sofos. 2018. “Sensor and Control Technologies: R&amp;D Overview.” Building Technologies Office (BTO). U.S. Department of Energy: Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. BTO Peer Review. April 30, 2018. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f52/Sofos-Peer-Review-S%26C-043018.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f52/Sofos-Peer-Review-S%26C-043018.pdf</a> (accessed Aug 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Jennifer King and Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: Using Smart Technology to Save Energy in Existing Buildings.” February 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.   <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Jennifer King and Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: Using Smart Technology to Save Energy in Existing Buildings.” February 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.   <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1701.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Christopher Perry. 2017. “Smart Buildings: A Deeper Dive into Market Segments.” December 2017. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. <a href=\"http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1703.pdf\">http://aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/a1703.pdf</a> (accessed August 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-smart-sensors-and-controls/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-star-equipment-and-plug-loads/\">ENERGY STAR Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls/\">High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Wind Energy Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-pv-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-meters/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://aceee.org/\">American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://cda.iea-4e.org/\">The Connected Devices Alliance (CDA) Centre of Excellence</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/heating_cooling/smart_thermostats\">ENERGY STAR – Smart Thermostats</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartbuildingscenter.org/\">Smart Buildings Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/smart-controls\">Whole Building Design Guide – Smart Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Smart Sensors and Controls','','inherit','closed','closed','','2240-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:32:39','2022-04-22 19:32:39','',2240,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2246',0,'revision','',0),(2247,2,'2022-04-22 19:35:29','2022-04-22 19:35:29','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What is Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV? </strong></h2>\n<p>Photovoltaic (PV) systems are semiconductor devices that use renewable solar energy to create electricity (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Most grid-tied PV systems connect to the traditional centralized grid or macrogrid and loose power whenever the large-scale electric power system goes down.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Islanding refers to when a distributed energy resource (DER), such as a PV system, continues to power a location with available solar even after a grid outage. Laws typically require grid-tied PV systems to have a grid-tie inverter with an anti-islanding capability, which can sense when a power outage occurs, automatically disconnect from the grid, and shut itself off, protecting utility workers from live wires and preventing power surges.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"></a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_400\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1132\"]<img class=\"wp-image-400 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Micrgrid-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\" width=\"1132\" height=\"744\" /> Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0[/caption]<p>Unlike the traditional macrogrid, microgrids function as locally controlled systems (see Figure 1) and can allow for intentional solar islanding or operating independently of the grid.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> The United States Department of Energy Microgrid Exchange Group defines a microgrid as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<blockquote><p>“A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DER)     within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.”</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>Microgrids can operate at different scales or classifications based on the size and organization of the Distributed Energy Resources (DER) connected to the grid. For example, Level 1 or single customer microgrids may include PV systems that serve one customer or building through a single meter.</p>\n<p>PV systems with solar islanding capability and battery storage can provide emergency power for critical building functions during grid outages and emergency situations (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). They can also function independently of the traditional grid during the year to manage peak demand and energy prices through participation in Demand Response (DR) programs (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>). Likewise, PV systems designed to connect to local or future microgrid connections helps support the development of the broader smart grid by providing a local, distributed energy resource and helping to manage power outages, peak demand, and the integration of clean and renewable energy to the grid (see <em>Smart Metering, and Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>).</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready PV </strong></h2>\n<p>Reconfiguring PV systems to operate independently of the grid and serve as self-sufficient microgrids requires investments in additional hardware and software components, including transfer switches, inverters, critical load panels, battery storage, and appropriate controls to allow successful solar islanding to take place (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>First, analyze power demands and associated functions that would benefit from solar islanding. Distinguish between critical loads, such as providing basic heating and ventilation, cooking and food storage, lighting, and phone or laptop charging versus non-critical loads such as full-capacity heating and ventilation, lighting, cooking, refrigeration, and television or other electronic entertainment and devices.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> See the <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding</a> example below for advice on calculating critical loads and determining capacity requirements for an islandable PV and battery storage system.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_134\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1038\"]<img class=\"wp-image-134 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Microgrid-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.\" width=\"1038\" height=\"684\" /> Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.[/caption]<p>Hire a professional, licensed contractor to design and install the photovoltaic system, and help with paperwork for any tax credits and rebates or other incentives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current programs, tools, and available funding. Funding and incentive programs may require islandable PV and battery storage systems to blackstart or startup without a direct connection to the electric utility grid and operate at critical load for a set minimum period.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/highland-park-solar-islanding-project/\">Solar Islanding Project, Highland Park, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>This report analyzes the power demands and associated functions potentially sustained by three existing solar installations in Highland Park, NJ if converted into solar power islands. The report includes recommendations in language consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) standard for adoption by other municipalities who may already have solar islands.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems with battery storage combine the benefit of traditional PV systems, which avoid the use of fossil fuels, while also providing a resilient, local, and independent source of electric power during power emergencies and help to manage peak demand and lower utility costs throughout the year via demand response programs. By providing localized power generation, islandable PV systems increase energy efficiency by reducing transmission and distribution losses typical of centralized grid systems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Unlike diesel and fossil-fueled generators, typically used only during emergencies, islandable PV systems with battery storage provide value throughout the year, do not require regular maintenance or refueling, and can provide emergency power for extended periods of time given available solar resources and adequate battery storage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Compared to traditional grid-tied PV systems, islandable PV and battery storage systems require additional hardware and software components, electrical design and permitting requirements, and safety considerations, which translate into higher costs (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a> As the cost of solar and battery storage declines and power outages become more common, the cost savings from participation in demand response programs, and the resiliency benefits of avoided power outages, such as reduced business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions, may offset these incremental costs. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar PV systems support energy resiliency in many ways. PV systems with islanding capability and battery storage can operate independently from the grid during outages or at times of system peak and increase grid reliability by managing system outages and peak demand (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems support the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging and energy storage. PV systems installed high up on buildings or poles are protected from flood waters. PV systems that meet local codes and wind loading requirements are designed to withstand damage and provide a reliable source of power in hurricane zones.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a> Separation from the electricity grid also offers protection from security threats.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) Prepared for the Borough of Highland Park, NJ by Jennifer Senick, Executive Director, Rutgers Center for Green Building; Dunbar Birnie, Professor of Ceramic Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Aman Trehan, Research Graduate Assistant; Nan Chen, Research Graduate Assistant; Deborah Plotnik, Program Coordinator, Rutgers Center for Green Building, Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey. At: <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NREL (2017) Microgrid-Ready Solar PV – Planning for Resiliency. Updated September 2017. <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. 2018. Microgrids at Berkeley Labs. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200606192915/https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0</a>  (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Ibid. Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US Department of Energy. “A Consumer’s Guide: Get Your Power from the Sun.” <a href=\"http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf\">http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf</a> (accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2018. Energy Resilience Bank. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html</a> (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20170513121841/https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/smart-meters/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200702200424/https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/projects/der-cam\">Distributed Energy Resources – Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program\">DSRIRE: New Jersey Incentives for Renewables</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding Project</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200606192915/https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory – Microgrids</a></li>\n<li><strong>NJ Office of Clean Energy - </strong><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/programs/der-microgrid-feasibility-studies\">Town Center Distributed Energy Resource Microgrid Feasibility Study Incentive Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-microgrids-work\">US DOE – How Microgrids Work</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bpu.state.nj.us\">State of NJ Board of Public Utilities</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv','','','2022-06-23 18:41:45','2022-06-23 18:41:45','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2247',0,'post','',0),(2248,2,'2022-04-22 19:32:59','2022-04-22 19:32:59','','Auto Draft','','inherit','closed','closed','','2247-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:32:59','2022-04-22 19:32:59','',2247,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2248',0,'revision','',0),(2250,2,'2022-04-22 19:35:29','2022-04-22 19:35:29','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What is Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV? </strong></h2>\n<p>Photovoltaic (PV) systems are semiconductor devices that use renewable solar energy to create electricity (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Most grid-tied PV systems connect to the traditional centralized grid or macrogrid and loose power whenever the large-scale electric power system goes down.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Islanding refers to when a distributed energy resource (DER), such as a PV system, continues to power a location with available solar even after a grid outage. Laws typically require grid-tied PV systems to have a grid-tie inverter with an anti-islanding capability, which can sense when a power outage occurs, automatically disconnect from the grid, and shut itself off, protecting utility workers from live wires and preventing power surges.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"></a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_400\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1132\"]<img class=\"wp-image-400 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Micrgrid-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\" width=\"1132\" height=\"744\" /> Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0[/caption]<p>Unlike the traditional macrogrid, microgrids function as locally controlled systems (see Figure 1) and can allow for intentional solar islanding or operating independently of the grid.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> The United States Department of Energy Microgrid Exchange Group defines a microgrid as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<blockquote><p>“A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DER)     within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.”</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>Microgrids can operate at different scales or classifications based on the size and organization of the Distributed Energy Resources (DER) connected to the grid. For example, Level 1 or single customer microgrids may include PV systems that serve one customer or building through a single meter.</p>\n<p>PV systems with solar islanding capability and battery storage can provide emergency power for critical building functions during grid outages and emergency situations (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). They can also function independently of the traditional grid during the year to manage peak demand and energy prices through participation in Demand Response (DR) programs (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>). Likewise, PV systems designed to connect to local or future microgrid connections helps support the development of the broader smart grid by providing a local, distributed energy resource and helping to manage power outages, peak demand, and the integration of clean and renewable energy to the grid (see <em>Smart Metering, and Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>).</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready PV </strong></h2>\n<p>Reconfiguring PV systems to operate independently of the grid and serve as self-sufficient microgrids requires investments in additional hardware and software components, including transfer switches, inverters, critical load panels, battery storage, and appropriate controls to allow successful solar islanding to take place (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>First, analyze power demands and associated functions that would benefit from solar islanding. Distinguish between critical loads, such as providing basic heating and ventilation, cooking and food storage, lighting, and phone or laptop charging versus non-critical loads such as full-capacity heating and ventilation, lighting, cooking, refrigeration, and television or other electronic entertainment and devices.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> See the <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding</a> example below for advice on calculating critical loads and determining capacity requirements for an islandable PV and battery storage system.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_134\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1038\"]<img class=\"wp-image-134 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Microgrid-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.\" width=\"1038\" height=\"684\" /> Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.[/caption]<p>Hire a professional, licensed contractor to design and install the photovoltaic system, and help with paperwork for any tax credits and rebates or other incentives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current programs, tools, and available funding. Funding and incentive programs may require islandable PV and battery storage systems to blackstart or startup without a direct connection to the electric utility grid and operate at critical load for a set minimum period.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/highland-park-solar-islanding-project/\">Solar Islanding Project, Highland Park, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>This report analyzes the power demands and associated functions potentially sustained by three existing solar installations in Highland Park, NJ if converted into solar power islands. The report includes recommendations in language consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) standard for adoption by other municipalities who may already have solar islands.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems with battery storage combine the benefit of traditional PV systems, which avoid the use of fossil fuels, while also providing a resilient, local, and independent source of electric power during power emergencies and help to manage peak demand and lower utility costs throughout the year via demand response programs. By providing localized power generation, islandable PV systems increase energy efficiency by reducing transmission and distribution losses typical of centralized grid systems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Unlike diesel and fossil-fueled generators, typically used only during emergencies, islandable PV systems with battery storage provide value throughout the year, do not require regular maintenance or refueling, and can provide emergency power for extended periods of time given available solar resources and adequate battery storage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Compared to traditional grid-tied PV systems, islandable PV and battery storage systems require additional hardware and software components, electrical design and permitting requirements, and safety considerations, which translate into higher costs (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a> As the cost of solar and battery storage declines and power outages become more common, the cost savings from participation in demand response programs, and the resiliency benefits of avoided power outages, such as reduced business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions, may offset these incremental costs. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar PV systems support energy resiliency in many ways. PV systems with islanding capability and battery storage can operate independently from the grid during outages or at times of system peak and increase grid reliability by managing system outages and peak demand (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems support the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging and energy storage. PV systems installed high up on buildings or poles are protected from flood waters. PV systems that meet local codes and wind loading requirements are designed to withstand damage and provide a reliable source of power in hurricane zones.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a> Separation from the electricity grid also offers protection from security threats.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) Prepared for the Borough of Highland Park, NJ by Jennifer Senick, Executive Director, Rutgers Center for Green Building; Dunbar Birnie, Professor of Ceramic Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Aman Trehan, Research Graduate Assistant; Nan Chen, Research Graduate Assistant; Deborah Plotnik, Program Coordinator, Rutgers Center for Green Building, Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey. At: <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NREL (2017) Microgrid-Ready Solar PV – Planning for Resiliency. Updated September 2017. <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. 2018. Microgrids at Berkeley Labs. <a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0</a>  (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Ibid. Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US Department of Energy. “A Consumer’s Guide: Get Your Power from the Sun.” <a href=\"http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf\">http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf</a> (accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2018. Energy Resilience Bank. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html</a> (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/smart-meters/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/projects/der-cam\">Distributed Energy Resources – Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program\">DSRIRE: New Jersey Incentives for Renewables</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding Project</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory – Microgrids</a></li>\n<li><strong>NJ Office of Clean Energy - </strong><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/programs/der-microgrid-feasibility-studies\">Town Center Distributed Energy Resource Microgrid Feasibility Study Incentive Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-microgrids-work\">US DOE – How Microgrids Work</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bpu.state.nj.us\">State of NJ Board of Public Utilities</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','Auto Draft','','inherit','closed','closed','','2247-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:35:29','2022-04-22 19:35:29','',2247,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2250',0,'revision','',0),(2251,2,'2022-04-22 19:35:33','2022-04-22 19:35:33','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What is Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV? </strong></h2>\n<p>Photovoltaic (PV) systems are semiconductor devices that use renewable solar energy to create electricity (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Most grid-tied PV systems connect to the traditional centralized grid or macrogrid and loose power whenever the large-scale electric power system goes down.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Islanding refers to when a distributed energy resource (DER), such as a PV system, continues to power a location with available solar even after a grid outage. Laws typically require grid-tied PV systems to have a grid-tie inverter with an anti-islanding capability, which can sense when a power outage occurs, automatically disconnect from the grid, and shut itself off, protecting utility workers from live wires and preventing power surges.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"></a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_400\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1132\"]<img class=\"wp-image-400 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Micrgrid-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\" width=\"1132\" height=\"744\" /> Figure 1. Diagram of a typical microgrid configuration. (Source: NREL https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0[/caption]<p>Unlike the traditional macrogrid, microgrids function as locally controlled systems (see Figure 1) and can allow for intentional solar islanding or operating independently of the grid.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> The United States Department of Energy Microgrid Exchange Group defines a microgrid as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<blockquote><p>“A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DER)     within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.”</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>Microgrids can operate at different scales or classifications based on the size and organization of the Distributed Energy Resources (DER) connected to the grid. For example, Level 1 or single customer microgrids may include PV systems that serve one customer or building through a single meter.</p>\n<p>PV systems with solar islanding capability and battery storage can provide emergency power for critical building functions during grid outages and emergency situations (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). They can also function independently of the traditional grid during the year to manage peak demand and energy prices through participation in Demand Response (DR) programs (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>). Likewise, PV systems designed to connect to local or future microgrid connections helps support the development of the broader smart grid by providing a local, distributed energy resource and helping to manage power outages, peak demand, and the integration of clean and renewable energy to the grid (see <em>Smart Metering, and Demand Response and Peak Load Management</em>).</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready PV </strong></h2>\n<p>Reconfiguring PV systems to operate independently of the grid and serve as self-sufficient microgrids requires investments in additional hardware and software components, including transfer switches, inverters, critical load panels, battery storage, and appropriate controls to allow successful solar islanding to take place (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>First, analyze power demands and associated functions that would benefit from solar islanding. Distinguish between critical loads, such as providing basic heating and ventilation, cooking and food storage, lighting, and phone or laptop charging versus non-critical loads such as full-capacity heating and ventilation, lighting, cooking, refrigeration, and television or other electronic entertainment and devices.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> See the <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding</a> example below for advice on calculating critical loads and determining capacity requirements for an islandable PV and battery storage system.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_134\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1038\"]<img class=\"wp-image-134 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Solar-Islanding-Microgrid-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.\" width=\"1038\" height=\"684\" /> Figure 2 – Typical grid-tied islanding system (source: www.aeesolar.com/sites/default/files/Graph-grid- tie-battery-backup.jpg). The solar array includes DC coupled battery storage with the potential for adding supplemental generation sources.[/caption]<p>Hire a professional, licensed contractor to design and install the photovoltaic system, and help with paperwork for any tax credits and rebates or other incentives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current programs, tools, and available funding. Funding and incentive programs may require islandable PV and battery storage systems to blackstart or startup without a direct connection to the electric utility grid and operate at critical load for a set minimum period.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/highland-park-solar-islanding-project/\">Solar Islanding Project, Highland Park, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>This report analyzes the power demands and associated functions potentially sustained by three existing solar installations in Highland Park, NJ if converted into solar power islands. The report includes recommendations in language consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) standard for adoption by other municipalities who may already have solar islands.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems with battery storage combine the benefit of traditional PV systems, which avoid the use of fossil fuels, while also providing a resilient, local, and independent source of electric power during power emergencies and help to manage peak demand and lower utility costs throughout the year via demand response programs. By providing localized power generation, islandable PV systems increase energy efficiency by reducing transmission and distribution losses typical of centralized grid systems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Unlike diesel and fossil-fueled generators, typically used only during emergencies, islandable PV systems with battery storage provide value throughout the year, do not require regular maintenance or refueling, and can provide emergency power for extended periods of time given available solar resources and adequate battery storage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Compared to traditional grid-tied PV systems, islandable PV and battery storage systems require additional hardware and software components, electrical design and permitting requirements, and safety considerations, which translate into higher costs (see <em>Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a> As the cost of solar and battery storage declines and power outages become more common, the cost savings from participation in demand response programs, and the resiliency benefits of avoided power outages, such as reduced business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions, may offset these incremental costs. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Solar PV systems support energy resiliency in many ways. PV systems with islanding capability and battery storage can operate independently from the grid during outages or at times of system peak and increase grid reliability by managing system outages and peak demand (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). Solar islanding and microgrid ready PV systems support the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging and energy storage. PV systems installed high up on buildings or poles are protected from flood waters. PV systems that meet local codes and wind loading requirements are designed to withstand damage and provide a reliable source of power in hurricane zones.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a> Separation from the electricity grid also offers protection from security threats.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) Prepared for the Borough of Highland Park, NJ by Jennifer Senick, Executive Director, Rutgers Center for Green Building; Dunbar Birnie, Professor of Ceramic Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Aman Trehan, Research Graduate Assistant; Nan Chen, Research Graduate Assistant; Deborah Plotnik, Program Coordinator, Rutgers Center for Green Building, Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey. At: <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NREL (2017) Microgrid-Ready Solar PV – Planning for Resiliency. Updated September 2017. <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70122.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. 2018. Microgrids at Berkeley Labs. <a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0</a>  (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2017. Microgrid.  <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/microgrid.html</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Ibid. Highland Park Solar Islanding Project (2015) <a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US Department of Energy. “A Consumer’s Guide: Get Your Power from the Sun.” <a href=\"http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf\">http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35297.pdf</a> (accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> NJ Board of Public Utilities. 2018. Energy Resilience Bank. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html\">https://www.state.nj.us/bpu/about/divisions/opp/erb.html</a> (accessed Oct 2, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NREL. 2018. “Valuing the Resilience Provided by Solar and Battery Energy Storage Systems.” <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70679.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> E. Hotchkiss, I. Metzger, J. Salasovich, and P. Schwabe. 2013 Alternative Energy Generation Opportunities in Critical Infrastructure New Jersey. Produced under the direction of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) <a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf\">https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60631.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 3, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/smart-meters/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/projects/der-cam\">Distributed Energy Resources – Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program\">DSRIRE: New Jersey Incentives for Renewables</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://rcgb.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SolarIslanding_Final-Submitted_7.10.2015-with-Appendices.pdf\">Highland Park Solar Islanding Project</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://building-microgrid.lbl.gov/about-microgrids-0\">Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory – Microgrids</a></li>\n<li><strong>NJ Office of Clean Energy - </strong><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/programs/der-microgrid-feasibility-studies\">Town Center Distributed Energy Resource Microgrid Feasibility Study Incentive Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-microgrids-work\">US DOE – How Microgrids Work</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bpu.state.nj.us\">State of NJ Board of Public Utilities</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV','','inherit','closed','closed','','2247-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:35:33','2022-04-22 19:35:33','',2247,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2251',0,'revision','',0),(2252,2,'2022-04-22 19:36:07','2022-04-22 19:36:07','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Existing Commercial Buildings\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>The Manual supports the greening of existing commercial buildings, which continue to represent untapped potential in common green building areas such as energy efficiency, environmental performance, indoor air quality, and occupant comfort.</p>\n<p>The Manual organizes existing commercial building upgrade strategies by focus areas such as “energy &amp; resilience” or “environment &amp; health.” Each strategy includes a short explanation or definition, implementation recommendations, New Jersey specific examples (when available), and sections on strategy benefits, costs, resiliency (if applicable), and additional resources.</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb title=\"Planning & Site Design\" use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf568;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"][/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Operational Tools\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xe035;||divi||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-life-cycle-assessment-lca/\">Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-life-cycle-costs-analysis-lcca/\">Life-Cycle-Cost Analysis (LCCA)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-re-commissioning/\">Re-Commissioning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Sustainable Sites\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1bb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-site-and-stormwater-management/\">Site and Stormwater Management</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"3.25\" custom_padding=\"|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf5ba;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"]<h2>Energy <br />&amp; Resilience</h2>[/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Envelope\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf17a;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-air-infiltration/\">Air Infiltration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-exterior-walls/\">Exterior Wall Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-roof-replacements-and-upgrades/\">Roof Replacement and Upgrades</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-windows-and-skylights/\">Windows and Skylights</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Lighting\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf0eb;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-lighting-and-networked-lighting-controls/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-light-pollution-reduction/\">Light Pollution Reduction</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"HVAC\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf3fd;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-chilled-beams/\">Chilled Beams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-control-ventilation/\">Demand Control Ventilation (DCV)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-properly-sized-high-performance-hvac-equipment-and-controls/\">High-Performance HVAC Equipment and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-variable-frequency-drives/\">Variable Frequency Drives (VFD)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Energy Supply\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf0e7;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-combined-heat-and-power-chp/\">Combined Heat and Power (CHP)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-green-power/\">Green Power</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-thermal-energy-storage/\">Thermal Energy Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-site Renewable Energy and Geothermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Back-up Systems\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf242;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Emergency Water Supply and Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_blurb title=\"Environment & Health\" use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf21e;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"][/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Water\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf043;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/\">On-site Alternative Water Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/\">High-Efficiency Water Heaters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Waste & Materials\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1bb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n	<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/\">Construction and Demolition Waste Reduction</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-safe-non-toxic-materials/\">Non-Toxic Materials</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-source-reduction-and-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Indoor Air Quality\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf863;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-entryway-systems-2/\">Entryway Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-integrated-pest-management/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-natural-ventilation-2/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Occupant Health and Productivity\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf406;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-acoustic-comfort/\">Acoustic Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-active-living/\">Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Workspaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-individual-comfort-controls/\">Individual Comfort Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"3.25\" custom_padding=\"|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf201;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"]<h2>Building<br />Performance</h2>[/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Operations & Maintenance\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf274;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-star-equipment-and-plug-loads/\">ENERGY STAR Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-preventative-maintenance/\">Preventative Maintenance</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-operator-and-occupant-training/\">Operator and Occupant Training</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Evaluation\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf080;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-building-evaluation/\">Building Evaluation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-re-commissioning/\">Re-Commissioning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Smart Infrastructure\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1eb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-grid-integrated-efficient-buildings-geb/\">Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready Solar PV</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.03)\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Case Studies</h2>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"30%\" module_alignment=\"center\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_divider][et_pb_portfolio fullwidth=\"off\" include_categories=\"4\" show_categories=\"off\" show_pagination=\"off\" hover_overlay_color=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_portfolio][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','Existing Commercial','','inherit','closed','closed','','1013-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:36:07','2022-04-22 19:36:07','',1013,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2252',0,'revision','',0),(2254,3,'2022-04-22 19:54:31','2022-04-22 19:54:31','','download','','inherit','','closed','','download-4','','','2022-04-22 19:54:31','2022-04-22 19:54:31','',2092,'http://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(2256,3,'2022-04-22 19:56:19','2022-04-22 19:56:19','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Preventative Maintenance\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Preventative Maintenance?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventive Maintenance refers to scheduled maintenance that supports operating reliability. Since mechanical parts wear out, the reliability of any equipment directly relates to operating age and service. Therefore, equipment that is serviced or overhauled as needed helps to better protected it is against the likelihood of failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>A green home is not only built with green materials and systems but is also operated and maintained with green practices and procedures. The home’s energy and water efficiency, indoor air quality, durability, and resource efficiency are determined as much by its operation and maintenance as its design. The cost of operating and maintaining (O&amp;M) a home over its lifetime far exceeds the initial construction costs, so reducing O&amp;M costs can lead to substantial savings for the homeowner and preservation of resources in the environment.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_85\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<img class=\"wp-image-85 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Preventative-Maintenance-Fig-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1663\" /> Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Regular and Preventative Maintenance</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can extend the life of a home’s systems, equipment, and materials. Some examples of systems that benefit from preventative maintenance include ventilation systems, water fixtures, and automatic sensors. Keep a list of all equipment and track equipment conditions and maintenance year round.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup><span> </span>Include information on the component condition and functional performance, as well as information on equipment age, usage, location, model number, and warranty. Also keep a checklist of standard housekeeping for each season including grounds check, exteriors, roof, windows/doors, plumbing, attic, and cooling/heating systems.</p>\n<p>Regular equipment maintenance is the consistent upkeep of equipment and appliances in the home. Regular maintenance keeps equipment and appliances running efficiently, which in turn reduces energy demands as well as costs. Equipment benefitting from regular maintenance includes:</p>\n<p><strong><b>Appliances</b></strong></p>\n<p><b></b>Basic maintenance of appliances generally results in more efficient operations, energy savings, and cost savings. Some examples of typical appliance maintenance are keeping refrigeration coils clean, keeping the food scrap bin empty in the dishwasher, and keeping lint traps and vents clear on the clothes dryer. Another important appliance to regularly maintain is the exhaust fan found in kitchens and bathrooms.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Detailed instructions on regular appliance maintenance can be found with the new product or on the manufacturer’s website.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Heating and Cooling Systems</b></strong></p>\n<p>There are a wide variety of heating and cooling system elements that need regular maintenance. First and foremost, all heating systems should be annually inspected and maintained by a certified contractor; the best time to do this is at the beginning of the heating season. Filters on heating and cooling systems should be changed or cleaned at least every 3 months to ensure positive indoor air quality and free air flow.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Furnaces, flues, and chimneys should be inspected and maintained each year to check for any damage since this could result in the release of particles or harmful gases. Finally, even regular maintenance on new furnaces is essential. It is possible for corrosion to occur and combustion gases to leak.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Air ducts have not been considered a vital source of indoor air contaminants or mainly instrumental in preventing health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Consider having ducts cleaned, however, in cases where there is mold visible on the inside of the ducts or other components of the heating and cooling systems; where there have been vermin present; or where there are excessive amounts of dirt or debris in the supply registers. The National Air Duct Cleaning Association can help guide the decision to hire a service.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance tasks include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changing furnace filters as needed</li>\n<li>Caulking around tubs and showers</li>\n<li>Having weatherized and properly fitting operable windows</li>\n<li>Repairing leaking faucets and valves</li>\n<li>Clearing away vegetation growing on the building exterior</li>\n<li>Keeping grading high around the home’s foundation and sloping away from the foundation to keep water from ponding around the structure and migrating below</li>\n<li>Reducing interior moisture by using exhaust fans</li>\n<li>Maintaining caulking on exterior walls</li>\n<li>Ensuring adequate ventilation for exterior air conditioning condensers</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Review product material safety data sheets (MSDS), available from manufacturers, for all chemicals used in the home and look for the most resource efficient and non-toxic alternatives when servicing or making repairs.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Moisture Reduction</b></strong></p>\n<p>Moisture can cause many problems in the home, so it is vital to ensure that it is minimized as much as possible (see Moisture Control). Dehumidifiers can be used to reduce moisture in the home, and it is crucial to clean dehumidifiers regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ventilation fans are also an excellent way to keep moist areas, such as basements, dry. Any areas that get wet in the home need to be dried out thoroughly within 48 hours to prevent the growth of any mold.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Regularly inspect pipes for any leaks or drips and repair promptly.</p>\n<p><strong><b>General Housecleaning</b></strong></p>\n<p>Simple housecleaning can go a long way in terms of regular preventative maintenance. When using a vacuum around the house, choose one with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to reduce allergens. Vacuuming and cleaning around vents, baseboard heaters and radiators, and cold air returns reduce dust buildup, which is an indoor air pollutant.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Other valuable housecleaning maintenance items include professional carpet cleaning (look for services that provide chemical-free cleaning and use low-water processes) and sealing garbage and food waste and removing it often.</p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can help avoid more costly repairs. For example, keeping the roof free of debris and mold growth extends the life of the roof. Another example of preventative maintenance is trimming the trees and shrubs away from the foundation of the home and ensuring there is no wood-soil contact around the perimeter of the house. These conditions attract termites and carpenter ants, which can cause potential structural damage. Taking preventative measures can save the expense and environmental impact of using chemicals to contend with wood-destroying insects.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Not only does preventative maintenance have significant implications for the health, safety, and comfort of the occupants of the home, it affects the home’s environmental impacts and its financial performance. Effective maintenance goes a long way in preventing the need for costly repairs and optimizes equipment operations. Also, a well-maintained home can increase resale value.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b>Energy savings.<span> </span></b></strong>Conducting regular maintenance like cleaning air filters and getting annual servicing for HVAC systems can improve the efficiency of those systems, and therefore save energy and money.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Keeping these systems maintained and in working order also saves money since replacements are needed less frequently.</li>\n<li><strong><b>Air quality improvement.<span> </span></b></strong>Regular maintenance of equipment improves indoor air quality. Changing and cleaning air filters often allows them to work better and capture more dust, allergens, and other particulates in the air. Many different kinds of equipment and appliances run on combustion. Some examples are furnaces, water heaters, ovens, and stoves. If not maintained adequately, these pieces of equipment can release excessive amounts of combustion pollutants, like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other particulates.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Regular maintenance on pipes and other damp areas can reduce excessive moisture, preventing mold growth and airborne mold spores. Reducing gases, particulates, and other airborne pollutants protect the health of the occupants of the home. Air pollutants can cause a range of health issues, including but not limited to irritated eyes, nose, and throat, headache, dizziness, fatigue, asthma attacks, respiratory disease, and even cancer.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Homeowners should expect to spend between 1 to 3% of the value of the home on annual home maintenance and repairs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Preventative maintenance reduces energy use, improves indoor environmental quality, extends the life of the equipment, and saves money over time. Regularly maintaining equipment and appliances saves money over time by reducing the frequency of repairs and replacement and saving energy costs. By keeping equipment and appliances running efficiently, they use less energy and therefore result in reduced energy bills. Finally, it is essential to check to manufacturer warranty on equipment and appliances; often, manufacturers include annual maintenance for a few years, allowing equipment servicing at no extra cost to the homeowner. Simple maintenance tasks like cleaning air filters, vacuuming refrigerator coils, and cleaning out exhaust fans require only time from the homeowner, not money. For more involved maintenance such as annual furnace servicing, paying a professional may be a better option. Annual contracts are often available, and service costs vary with the system. The money spent on the professional pays for itself in the energy savings and replacement and repair costs.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance strengthens home performance and bolsters resiliency by regularly identifying and fixing vulnerable building systems and features, such as a leaking roof or windows, and helping to prevent additional damage and loss during extreme weather events.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kyasen, Ronda. The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist.<span> </span><em><i>The New York Times.</i></em><span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air. Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned?<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>National Air Duct Cleaning Association.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.nadca.com/\">http://www.nadca.com/</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html\">http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>National Association of Home Builders, Don’t Ignore Outdoor Home Maintenance Chores This Fall,<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx\">https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>HouseMaster. Inspection Services.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist\">http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist</a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-building-evaluation/\">Building Evaluation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-commissioning/\">Commissioning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-storm-preparation-and-emergency-planning/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/campaign/heating_cooling/maintenance_checklist\">ENERGY STAR – Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/\">Home Advisor </a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/easy-winter-home-maintenance-and-repair-for-under-1000/\">Winter Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/spring-maintenance-checklist/\">Spring Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/summer-maintenance-checklist-for-your-home/\">Summer Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/fall-home-maintenance-checklist/\">Fall Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">The NY Times – The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">Whole Building Design Guide – Reliability-Centered Maintenance</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Preventative Maintenance','','inherit','closed','closed','','2092-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:56:19','2022-04-22 19:56:19','',2092,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2256',0,'revision','',0),(2257,3,'2022-04-22 19:56:20','2022-04-22 19:56:20','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Preventative Maintenance\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Preventative Maintenance?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventive Maintenance refers to scheduled maintenance that supports operating reliability. Since mechanical parts wear out, the reliability of any equipment directly relates to operating age and service. Therefore, equipment that is serviced or overhauled as needed helps to better protected it is against the likelihood of failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>A green home is not only built with green materials and systems but is also operated and maintained with green practices and procedures. The home’s energy and water efficiency, indoor air quality, durability, and resource efficiency are determined as much by its operation and maintenance as its design. The cost of operating and maintaining (O&amp;M) a home over its lifetime far exceeds the initial construction costs, so reducing O&amp;M costs can lead to substantial savings for the homeowner and preservation of resources in the environment.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_85\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<img class=\"wp-image-85 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Preventative-Maintenance-Fig-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1663\" /> Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Regular and Preventative Maintenance</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can extend the life of a home’s systems, equipment, and materials. Some examples of systems that benefit from preventative maintenance include ventilation systems, water fixtures, and automatic sensors. Keep a list of all equipment and track equipment conditions and maintenance year round.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup><span> </span>Include information on the component condition and functional performance, as well as information on equipment age, usage, location, model number, and warranty. Also keep a checklist of standard housekeeping for each season including grounds check, exteriors, roof, windows/doors, plumbing, attic, and cooling/heating systems.</p>\n<p>Regular equipment maintenance is the consistent upkeep of equipment and appliances in the home. Regular maintenance keeps equipment and appliances running efficiently, which in turn reduces energy demands as well as costs. Equipment benefitting from regular maintenance includes:</p>\n<p><strong><b>Appliances</b></strong></p>\n<p><b></b>Basic maintenance of appliances generally results in more efficient operations, energy savings, and cost savings. Some examples of typical appliance maintenance are keeping refrigeration coils clean, keeping the food scrap bin empty in the dishwasher, and keeping lint traps and vents clear on the clothes dryer. Another important appliance to regularly maintain is the exhaust fan found in kitchens and bathrooms.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Detailed instructions on regular appliance maintenance can be found with the new product or on the manufacturer’s website.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Heating and Cooling Systems</b></strong></p>\n<p>There are a wide variety of heating and cooling system elements that need regular maintenance. First and foremost, all heating systems should be annually inspected and maintained by a certified contractor; the best time to do this is at the beginning of the heating season. Filters on heating and cooling systems should be changed or cleaned at least every 3 months to ensure positive indoor air quality and free air flow.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Furnaces, flues, and chimneys should be inspected and maintained each year to check for any damage since this could result in the release of particles or harmful gases. Finally, even regular maintenance on new furnaces is essential. It is possible for corrosion to occur and combustion gases to leak.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Air ducts have not been considered a vital source of indoor air contaminants or mainly instrumental in preventing health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Consider having ducts cleaned, however, in cases where there is mold visible on the inside of the ducts or other components of the heating and cooling systems; where there have been vermin present; or where there are excessive amounts of dirt or debris in the supply registers. The National Air Duct Cleaning Association can help guide the decision to hire a service.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance tasks include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changing furnace filters as needed</li>\n<li>Caulking around tubs and showers</li>\n<li>Having weatherized and properly fitting operable windows</li>\n<li>Repairing leaking faucets and valves</li>\n<li>Clearing away vegetation growing on the building exterior</li>\n<li>Keeping grading high around the home’s foundation and sloping away from the foundation to keep water from ponding around the structure and migrating below</li>\n<li>Reducing interior moisture by using exhaust fans</li>\n<li>Maintaining caulking on exterior walls</li>\n<li>Ensuring adequate ventilation for exterior air conditioning condensers</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Review product material safety data sheets (MSDS), available from manufacturers, for all chemicals used in the home and look for the most resource efficient and non-toxic alternatives when servicing or making repairs.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Moisture Reduction</b></strong></p>\n<p>Moisture can cause many problems in the home, so it is vital to ensure that it is minimized as much as possible (see Moisture Control). Dehumidifiers can be used to reduce moisture in the home, and it is crucial to clean dehumidifiers regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ventilation fans are also an excellent way to keep moist areas, such as basements, dry. Any areas that get wet in the home need to be dried out thoroughly within 48 hours to prevent the growth of any mold.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Regularly inspect pipes for any leaks or drips and repair promptly.</p>\n<p><strong><b>General Housecleaning</b></strong></p>\n<p>Simple housecleaning can go a long way in terms of regular preventative maintenance. When using a vacuum around the house, choose one with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to reduce allergens. Vacuuming and cleaning around vents, baseboard heaters and radiators, and cold air returns reduce dust buildup, which is an indoor air pollutant.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Other valuable housecleaning maintenance items include professional carpet cleaning (look for services that provide chemical-free cleaning and use low-water processes) and sealing garbage and food waste and removing it often.</p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can help avoid more costly repairs. For example, keeping the roof free of debris and mold growth extends the life of the roof. Another example of preventative maintenance is trimming the trees and shrubs away from the foundation of the home and ensuring there is no wood-soil contact around the perimeter of the house. These conditions attract termites and carpenter ants, which can cause potential structural damage. Taking preventative measures can save the expense and environmental impact of using chemicals to contend with wood-destroying insects.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Not only does preventative maintenance have significant implications for the health, safety, and comfort of the occupants of the home, it affects the home’s environmental impacts and its financial performance. Effective maintenance goes a long way in preventing the need for costly repairs and optimizes equipment operations. Also, a well-maintained home can increase resale value.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b>Energy savings.<span> </span></b></strong>Conducting regular maintenance like cleaning air filters and getting annual servicing for HVAC systems can improve the efficiency of those systems, and therefore save energy and money.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Keeping these systems maintained and in working order also saves money since replacements are needed less frequently.</li>\n<li><strong><b>Air quality improvement.<span> </span></b></strong>Regular maintenance of equipment improves indoor air quality. Changing and cleaning air filters often allows them to work better and capture more dust, allergens, and other particulates in the air. Many different kinds of equipment and appliances run on combustion. Some examples are furnaces, water heaters, ovens, and stoves. If not maintained adequately, these pieces of equipment can release excessive amounts of combustion pollutants, like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other particulates.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Regular maintenance on pipes and other damp areas can reduce excessive moisture, preventing mold growth and airborne mold spores. Reducing gases, particulates, and other airborne pollutants protect the health of the occupants of the home. Air pollutants can cause a range of health issues, including but not limited to irritated eyes, nose, and throat, headache, dizziness, fatigue, asthma attacks, respiratory disease, and even cancer.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Homeowners should expect to spend between 1 to 3% of the value of the home on annual home maintenance and repairs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Preventative maintenance reduces energy use, improves indoor environmental quality, extends the life of the equipment, and saves money over time. Regularly maintaining equipment and appliances saves money over time by reducing the frequency of repairs and replacement and saving energy costs. By keeping equipment and appliances running efficiently, they use less energy and therefore result in reduced energy bills. Finally, it is essential to check to manufacturer warranty on equipment and appliances; often, manufacturers include annual maintenance for a few years, allowing equipment servicing at no extra cost to the homeowner. Simple maintenance tasks like cleaning air filters, vacuuming refrigerator coils, and cleaning out exhaust fans require only time from the homeowner, not money. For more involved maintenance such as annual furnace servicing, paying a professional may be a better option. Annual contracts are often available, and service costs vary with the system. The money spent on the professional pays for itself in the energy savings and replacement and repair costs.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance strengthens home performance and bolsters resiliency by regularly identifying and fixing vulnerable building systems and features, such as a leaking roof or windows, and helping to prevent additional damage and loss during extreme weather events.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kyasen, Ronda. The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist.<span> </span><em><i>The New York Times.</i></em><span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air. Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned?<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>National Air Duct Cleaning Association.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.nadca.com/\">http://www.nadca.com/</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html\">http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>National Association of Home Builders, Don’t Ignore Outdoor Home Maintenance Chores This Fall,<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx\">https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>HouseMaster. Inspection Services.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist\">http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist</a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-building-evaluation/\">Building Evaluation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-commissioning/\">Commissioning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-storm-preparation-and-emergency-planning/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/campaign/heating_cooling/maintenance_checklist\">ENERGY STAR – Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/\">Home Advisor </a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/easy-winter-home-maintenance-and-repair-for-under-1000/\">Winter Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/spring-maintenance-checklist/\">Spring Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/summer-maintenance-checklist-for-your-home/\">Summer Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/fall-home-maintenance-checklist/\">Fall Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">The NY Times – The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">Whole Building Design Guide – Reliability-Centered Maintenance</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Homeowner Training','','inherit','closed','closed','','2092-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:56:20','2022-04-22 19:56:20','',2092,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2257',0,'revision','',0),(2258,3,'2022-04-22 19:56:24','2022-04-22 19:56:24','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Preventative Maintenance\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Preventative Maintenance?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventive Maintenance refers to scheduled maintenance that supports operating reliability. Since mechanical parts wear out, the reliability of any equipment directly relates to operating age and service. Therefore, equipment that is serviced or overhauled as needed helps to better protected it is against the likelihood of failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>A green home is not only built with green materials and systems but is also operated and maintained with green practices and procedures. The home’s energy and water efficiency, indoor air quality, durability, and resource efficiency are determined as much by its operation and maintenance as its design. The cost of operating and maintaining (O&amp;M) a home over its lifetime far exceeds the initial construction costs, so reducing O&amp;M costs can lead to substantial savings for the homeowner and preservation of resources in the environment.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_85\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<img class=\"wp-image-85 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Preventative-Maintenance-Fig-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1663\" /> Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Regular and Preventative Maintenance</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can extend the life of a home’s systems, equipment, and materials. Some examples of systems that benefit from preventative maintenance include ventilation systems, water fixtures, and automatic sensors. Keep a list of all equipment and track equipment conditions and maintenance year round.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup><span> </span>Include information on the component condition and functional performance, as well as information on equipment age, usage, location, model number, and warranty. Also keep a checklist of standard housekeeping for each season including grounds check, exteriors, roof, windows/doors, plumbing, attic, and cooling/heating systems.</p>\n<p>Regular equipment maintenance is the consistent upkeep of equipment and appliances in the home. Regular maintenance keeps equipment and appliances running efficiently, which in turn reduces energy demands as well as costs. Equipment benefitting from regular maintenance includes:</p>\n<p><strong><b>Appliances</b></strong></p>\n<p><b></b>Basic maintenance of appliances generally results in more efficient operations, energy savings, and cost savings. Some examples of typical appliance maintenance are keeping refrigeration coils clean, keeping the food scrap bin empty in the dishwasher, and keeping lint traps and vents clear on the clothes dryer. Another important appliance to regularly maintain is the exhaust fan found in kitchens and bathrooms.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Detailed instructions on regular appliance maintenance can be found with the new product or on the manufacturer’s website.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Heating and Cooling Systems</b></strong></p>\n<p>There are a wide variety of heating and cooling system elements that need regular maintenance. First and foremost, all heating systems should be annually inspected and maintained by a certified contractor; the best time to do this is at the beginning of the heating season. Filters on heating and cooling systems should be changed or cleaned at least every 3 months to ensure positive indoor air quality and free air flow.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Furnaces, flues, and chimneys should be inspected and maintained each year to check for any damage since this could result in the release of particles or harmful gases. Finally, even regular maintenance on new furnaces is essential. It is possible for corrosion to occur and combustion gases to leak.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Air ducts have not been considered a vital source of indoor air contaminants or mainly instrumental in preventing health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Consider having ducts cleaned, however, in cases where there is mold visible on the inside of the ducts or other components of the heating and cooling systems; where there have been vermin present; or where there are excessive amounts of dirt or debris in the supply registers. The National Air Duct Cleaning Association can help guide the decision to hire a service.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance tasks include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changing furnace filters as needed</li>\n<li>Caulking around tubs and showers</li>\n<li>Having weatherized and properly fitting operable windows</li>\n<li>Repairing leaking faucets and valves</li>\n<li>Clearing away vegetation growing on the building exterior</li>\n<li>Keeping grading high around the home’s foundation and sloping away from the foundation to keep water from ponding around the structure and migrating below</li>\n<li>Reducing interior moisture by using exhaust fans</li>\n<li>Maintaining caulking on exterior walls</li>\n<li>Ensuring adequate ventilation for exterior air conditioning condensers</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Review product material safety data sheets (MSDS), available from manufacturers, for all chemicals used in the home and look for the most resource efficient and non-toxic alternatives when servicing or making repairs.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Moisture Reduction</b></strong></p>\n<p>Moisture can cause many problems in the home, so it is vital to ensure that it is minimized as much as possible (see Moisture Control). Dehumidifiers can be used to reduce moisture in the home, and it is crucial to clean dehumidifiers regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ventilation fans are also an excellent way to keep moist areas, such as basements, dry. Any areas that get wet in the home need to be dried out thoroughly within 48 hours to prevent the growth of any mold.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Regularly inspect pipes for any leaks or drips and repair promptly.</p>\n<p><strong><b>General Housecleaning</b></strong></p>\n<p>Simple housecleaning can go a long way in terms of regular preventative maintenance. When using a vacuum around the house, choose one with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to reduce allergens. Vacuuming and cleaning around vents, baseboard heaters and radiators, and cold air returns reduce dust buildup, which is an indoor air pollutant.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Other valuable housecleaning maintenance items include professional carpet cleaning (look for services that provide chemical-free cleaning and use low-water processes) and sealing garbage and food waste and removing it often.</p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can help avoid more costly repairs. For example, keeping the roof free of debris and mold growth extends the life of the roof. Another example of preventative maintenance is trimming the trees and shrubs away from the foundation of the home and ensuring there is no wood-soil contact around the perimeter of the house. These conditions attract termites and carpenter ants, which can cause potential structural damage. Taking preventative measures can save the expense and environmental impact of using chemicals to contend with wood-destroying insects.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Not only does preventative maintenance have significant implications for the health, safety, and comfort of the occupants of the home, it affects the home’s environmental impacts and its financial performance. Effective maintenance goes a long way in preventing the need for costly repairs and optimizes equipment operations. Also, a well-maintained home can increase resale value.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b>Energy savings.<span> </span></b></strong>Conducting regular maintenance like cleaning air filters and getting annual servicing for HVAC systems can improve the efficiency of those systems, and therefore save energy and money.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Keeping these systems maintained and in working order also saves money since replacements are needed less frequently.</li>\n<li><strong><b>Air quality improvement.<span> </span></b></strong>Regular maintenance of equipment improves indoor air quality. Changing and cleaning air filters often allows them to work better and capture more dust, allergens, and other particulates in the air. Many different kinds of equipment and appliances run on combustion. Some examples are furnaces, water heaters, ovens, and stoves. If not maintained adequately, these pieces of equipment can release excessive amounts of combustion pollutants, like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other particulates.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Regular maintenance on pipes and other damp areas can reduce excessive moisture, preventing mold growth and airborne mold spores. Reducing gases, particulates, and other airborne pollutants protect the health of the occupants of the home. Air pollutants can cause a range of health issues, including but not limited to irritated eyes, nose, and throat, headache, dizziness, fatigue, asthma attacks, respiratory disease, and even cancer.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Homeowners should expect to spend between 1 to 3% of the value of the home on annual home maintenance and repairs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Preventative maintenance reduces energy use, improves indoor environmental quality, extends the life of the equipment, and saves money over time. Regularly maintaining equipment and appliances saves money over time by reducing the frequency of repairs and replacement and saving energy costs. By keeping equipment and appliances running efficiently, they use less energy and therefore result in reduced energy bills. Finally, it is essential to check to manufacturer warranty on equipment and appliances; often, manufacturers include annual maintenance for a few years, allowing equipment servicing at no extra cost to the homeowner. Simple maintenance tasks like cleaning air filters, vacuuming refrigerator coils, and cleaning out exhaust fans require only time from the homeowner, not money. For more involved maintenance such as annual furnace servicing, paying a professional may be a better option. Annual contracts are often available, and service costs vary with the system. The money spent on the professional pays for itself in the energy savings and replacement and repair costs.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance strengthens home performance and bolsters resiliency by regularly identifying and fixing vulnerable building systems and features, such as a leaking roof or windows, and helping to prevent additional damage and loss during extreme weather events.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kyasen, Ronda. The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist.<span> </span><em><i>The New York Times.</i></em><span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air. Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned?<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>National Air Duct Cleaning Association.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.nadca.com/\">http://www.nadca.com/</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html\">http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>National Association of Home Builders, Don’t Ignore Outdoor Home Maintenance Chores This Fall,<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx\">https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>HouseMaster. Inspection Services.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist\">http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist</a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-building-evaluation/\">Building Evaluation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-commissioning/\">Commissioning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-storm-preparation-and-emergency-planning/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/campaign/heating_cooling/maintenance_checklist\">ENERGY STAR – Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/\">Home Advisor </a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/easy-winter-home-maintenance-and-repair-for-under-1000/\">Winter Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/spring-maintenance-checklist/\">Spring Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/summer-maintenance-checklist-for-your-home/\">Summer Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/fall-home-maintenance-checklist/\">Fall Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">The NY Times – The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">Whole Building Design Guide – Reliability-Centered Maintenance</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Preventative Maintenance','','inherit','closed','closed','','2092-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:56:24','2022-04-22 19:56:24','',2092,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2258',0,'revision','',0),(2259,3,'2022-04-22 19:58:57','2022-04-22 19:58:57','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Recycling Centers\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Recycling Centers?</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling Centers are designated areas in a home designed to facilitate recycling. Recycling converts materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources and generates financial, environmental, and social returns, both locally and globally.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Recycling not only saves resources and but also reduces the need for landfills and resource recovery facilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Having a dedicated and organized recycling space makes recycling easy and increases the likelihood that occupants properly sort recyclables and trash.</p>\n<p>Recycling certain materials in New Jersey is mandatory. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Recycling Centers</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling programs should comply with local laws and regulations and be designed with convenience for residents in mind. Carefully consider the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables throughout the home from inside to outside. At a minimum, provide recycling collection areas for paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastic, and metals.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_14\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-14 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Recycling-Centers-Fig-1-300x243.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" /> Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)[/caption]<p>When designing a recycling area, important considerations include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allocating sufficient interior and exterior space.</li>\n<li>Planning for how to transport the materials to the outside collection area.</li>\n<li>Considering where materials are generated within the home and locate convenient central collection containers.</li>\n<li>Labeling collection containers clearly to ensure proper sorting.</li>\n<li>Considering space needs, access, and collection by vehicles for outdoor storage area.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Planning a well-designed recycling station can lead to more efficient waste management and benefits for the homeowners and the environment. There are many benefits related to recycling over disposal but taking steps towards source reduction and material reuse first, and then implementing recycling efforts provides the most environmental benefit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Some benefits noted by the Natural Resources Defense Council include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves natural resources, such as timber, water, and mineral ores, from domestic and imported sources.</li>\n<li>Prevents pollution caused by manufacturing from virgin resources.</li>\n<li>Saves energy in the production of products from virgin materials that need to be harvested and manufactured.</li>\n<li>Reduces the need for landfills and incineration while also helping to reduce the pollution produced by these processes.</li>\n<li>Helps protect and expand manufacturing jobs in America.</li>\n<li>Engenders a sense of community involvement and responsibility in protecting the environment.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>For a list of economic and environmental benefits of recycling in New Jersey, go to <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling costs vary, but recycling can reduce the waste stream and may be able to reduce the frequency of trash pick-ups or the size of disposal containers.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6] </a>Recycling bins for the can vary in price depending on style and material but are widely available from a variety of manufacturers.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> USGBC. LEED BD+C New Construction v4. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language</a>  (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Natural Resources Defense Council. Too Good to Throw Away. <a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp\">http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp</a> (accessed May 9, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Resource Conservation – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/new-residential/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/recycling\">Natural Resources Defense Council – Recycling: Beyond the Bin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Recycling Centers','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-recycling-centers','','','2022-04-22 19:59:01','2022-04-22 19:59:01','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2259',0,'post','',0),(2261,3,'2022-04-22 19:58:57','2022-04-22 19:58:57','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Recycling Centers\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Recycling Centers?</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling Centers are designated areas in a home designed to facilitate recycling. Recycling converts materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources and generates financial, environmental, and social returns, both locally and globally.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Recycling not only saves resources and but also reduces the need for landfills and resource recovery facilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Having a dedicated and organized recycling space makes recycling easy and increases the likelihood that occupants properly sort recyclables and trash.</p>\n<p>Recycling certain materials in New Jersey is mandatory. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Recycling Centers</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling programs should comply with local laws and regulations and be designed with convenience for residents in mind. Carefully consider the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables throughout the home from inside to outside. At a minimum, provide recycling collection areas for paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastic, and metals.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_14\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-14 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Recycling-Centers-Fig-1-300x243.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" /> Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)[/caption]<p>When designing a recycling area, important considerations include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allocating sufficient interior and exterior space.</li>\n<li>Planning for how to transport the materials to the outside collection area.</li>\n<li>Considering where materials are generated within the home and locate convenient central collection containers.</li>\n<li>Labeling collection containers clearly to ensure proper sorting.</li>\n<li>Considering space needs, access, and collection by vehicles for outdoor storage area.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Planning a well-designed recycling station can lead to more efficient waste management and benefits for the homeowners and the environment. There are many benefits related to recycling over disposal but taking steps towards source reduction and material reuse first, and then implementing recycling efforts provides the most environmental benefit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Some benefits noted by the Natural Resources Defense Council include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves natural resources, such as timber, water, and mineral ores, from domestic and imported sources.</li>\n<li>Prevents pollution caused by manufacturing from virgin resources.</li>\n<li>Saves energy in the production of products from virgin materials that need to be harvested and manufactured.</li>\n<li>Reduces the need for landfills and incineration while also helping to reduce the pollution produced by these processes.</li>\n<li>Helps protect and expand manufacturing jobs in America.</li>\n<li>Engenders a sense of community involvement and responsibility in protecting the environment.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>For a list of economic and environmental benefits of recycling in New Jersey, go to <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling costs vary, but recycling can reduce the waste stream and may be able to reduce the frequency of trash pick-ups or the size of disposal containers.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6] </a>Recycling bins for the can vary in price depending on style and material but are widely available from a variety of manufacturers.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> USGBC. LEED BD+C New Construction v4. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language</a>  (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Natural Resources Defense Council. Too Good to Throw Away. <a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp\">http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp</a> (accessed May 9, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Resource Conservation – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/new-residential/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/recycling\">Natural Resources Defense Council – Recycling: Beyond the Bin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Recycling Centers','','inherit','closed','closed','','2259-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:58:57','2022-04-22 19:58:57','',2259,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2261',0,'revision','',0),(2262,3,'2022-04-22 19:58:58','2022-04-22 19:58:58','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Recycling Centers\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Recycling Centers?</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling Centers are designated areas in a home designed to facilitate recycling. Recycling converts materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources and generates financial, environmental, and social returns, both locally and globally.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Recycling not only saves resources and but also reduces the need for landfills and resource recovery facilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Having a dedicated and organized recycling space makes recycling easy and increases the likelihood that occupants properly sort recyclables and trash.</p>\n<p>Recycling certain materials in New Jersey is mandatory. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Recycling Centers</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling programs should comply with local laws and regulations and be designed with convenience for residents in mind. Carefully consider the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables throughout the home from inside to outside. At a minimum, provide recycling collection areas for paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastic, and metals.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_14\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-14 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Recycling-Centers-Fig-1-300x243.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" /> Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)[/caption]<p>When designing a recycling area, important considerations include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allocating sufficient interior and exterior space.</li>\n<li>Planning for how to transport the materials to the outside collection area.</li>\n<li>Considering where materials are generated within the home and locate convenient central collection containers.</li>\n<li>Labeling collection containers clearly to ensure proper sorting.</li>\n<li>Considering space needs, access, and collection by vehicles for outdoor storage area.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Planning a well-designed recycling station can lead to more efficient waste management and benefits for the homeowners and the environment. There are many benefits related to recycling over disposal but taking steps towards source reduction and material reuse first, and then implementing recycling efforts provides the most environmental benefit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Some benefits noted by the Natural Resources Defense Council include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves natural resources, such as timber, water, and mineral ores, from domestic and imported sources.</li>\n<li>Prevents pollution caused by manufacturing from virgin resources.</li>\n<li>Saves energy in the production of products from virgin materials that need to be harvested and manufactured.</li>\n<li>Reduces the need for landfills and incineration while also helping to reduce the pollution produced by these processes.</li>\n<li>Helps protect and expand manufacturing jobs in America.</li>\n<li>Engenders a sense of community involvement and responsibility in protecting the environment.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>For a list of economic and environmental benefits of recycling in New Jersey, go to <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling costs vary, but recycling can reduce the waste stream and may be able to reduce the frequency of trash pick-ups or the size of disposal containers.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6] </a>Recycling bins for the can vary in price depending on style and material but are widely available from a variety of manufacturers.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> USGBC. LEED BD+C New Construction v4. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language</a>  (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Natural Resources Defense Council. Too Good to Throw Away. <a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp\">http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp</a> (accessed May 9, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Resource Conservation – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/new-residential/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/recycling\">Natural Resources Defense Council – Recycling: Beyond the Bin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Preventative Maintenance','','inherit','closed','closed','','2259-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:58:58','2022-04-22 19:58:58','',2259,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2262',0,'revision','',0),(2264,3,'2022-04-22 19:59:01','2022-04-22 19:59:01','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Recycling Centers\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Recycling Centers?</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling Centers are designated areas in a home designed to facilitate recycling. Recycling converts materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources and generates financial, environmental, and social returns, both locally and globally.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Recycling not only saves resources and but also reduces the need for landfills and resource recovery facilities.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Having a dedicated and organized recycling space makes recycling easy and increases the likelihood that occupants properly sort recyclables and trash.</p>\n<p>Recycling certain materials in New Jersey is mandatory. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Recycling Centers</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling programs should comply with local laws and regulations and be designed with convenience for residents in mind. Carefully consider the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables throughout the home from inside to outside. At a minimum, provide recycling collection areas for paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastic, and metals.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_14\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-14 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Recycling-Centers-Fig-1-300x243.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" /> Figure 1 – Recycling at home (Source: Carrollcountymd.gov)[/caption]<p>When designing a recycling area, important considerations include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allocating sufficient interior and exterior space.</li>\n<li>Planning for how to transport the materials to the outside collection area.</li>\n<li>Considering where materials are generated within the home and locate convenient central collection containers.</li>\n<li>Labeling collection containers clearly to ensure proper sorting.</li>\n<li>Considering space needs, access, and collection by vehicles for outdoor storage area.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Planning a well-designed recycling station can lead to more efficient waste management and benefits for the homeowners and the environment. There are many benefits related to recycling over disposal but taking steps towards source reduction and material reuse first, and then implementing recycling efforts provides the most environmental benefit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Some benefits noted by the Natural Resources Defense Council include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves natural resources, such as timber, water, and mineral ores, from domestic and imported sources.</li>\n<li>Prevents pollution caused by manufacturing from virgin resources.</li>\n<li>Saves energy in the production of products from virgin materials that need to be harvested and manufactured.</li>\n<li>Reduces the need for landfills and incineration while also helping to reduce the pollution produced by these processes.</li>\n<li>Helps protect and expand manufacturing jobs in America.</li>\n<li>Engenders a sense of community involvement and responsibility in protecting the environment.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>For a list of economic and environmental benefits of recycling in New Jersey, go to <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recycling costs vary, but recycling can reduce the waste stream and may be able to reduce the frequency of trash pick-ups or the size of disposal containers.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6] </a>Recycling bins for the can vary in price depending on style and material but are widely available from a variety of manufacturers.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> USGBC. LEED BD+C New Construction v4. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-commercial-interiors-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-healthcare-h-0?view=language</a>  (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> NJ DEP. Recycling in New Jersey. <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep//dshw/recycling/env_benefits.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Natural Resources Defense Council. Too Good to Throw Away. <a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp\">http://www.nrdc.org/cities/recycling/recyc/recyint.asp</a> (accessed May 9, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Resource Conservation – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed May 9, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/new-residential/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/recycling\">Natural Resources Defense Council – Recycling: Beyond the Bin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Recycling Centers','','inherit','closed','closed','','2259-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 19:59:01','2022-04-22 19:59:01','',2259,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2264',0,'revision','',0),(2265,3,'2022-04-22 20:02:17','2022-04-22 20:02:17','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction or waste reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Many steps can be taken to minimize household waste through reducing, reusing, and then recycling.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Source reduction includes taking steps such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buying durable, reusable and repairable products</li>\n<li>Avoiding single-use items (plastic straws, plastic bags, etc.)</li>\n<li>Selecting products with less package and/or buy in bulk</li>\n<li>Buying used items</li>\n<li>Maintaining and repairing household items</li>\n<li>Sharing, borrowing or renting items</li>\n<li>Avoiding the use of toxic and hazardous products and materials</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Check with local laws and regulations about recycling and give careful consideration to the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables from inside to outside. It is mandatory to recycle certain materials in New Jersey and important to be aware of the local recycling rules. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website.</a></p>\n<h3><strong><img class=\"wp-image-486 size-medium alignright\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Source-Reduction-Fig-1-300x97.png\" alt=\"Jersey City Make it Green\" width=\"300\" height=\"97\" />Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jcmakeitgreen.org/reduce-waste/\">Jersey City Make It Green</a></p>\n<p>Education is an important aspect of waste prevention, and many municipalities provide guidance materials related to source reduction and recycling. Jersey City Make It Green provides educational information about the how and why of waste prevention and offers resources such as <a href=\"https://recyclecoach.com/cities/usa-nj-city-of-jersey-city/\">Recycle Coach</a>, a searchable website that provides information about what to recycle, where to drop off materials, and a customized waste pick up calendar.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on health and impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Reducing and Reusing Basics. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas\">https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas</a> (accessed May 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling Information – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">US EPA – Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Source Reduction and Recycling','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-source-reduction-recycling','','','2022-06-23 19:35:06','2022-06-23 19:35:06','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2265',0,'post','',0),(2267,3,'2022-04-22 20:02:17','2022-04-22 20:02:17','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction or waste reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Many steps can be taken to minimize household waste through reducing, reusing, and then recycling.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Source reduction includes taking steps such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buying durable, reusable and repairable products</li>\n<li>Avoiding single-use items (plastic straws, plastic bags, etc.)</li>\n<li>Selecting products with less package and/or buy in bulk</li>\n<li>Buying used items</li>\n<li>Maintaining and repairing household items</li>\n<li>Sharing, borrowing or renting items</li>\n<li>Avoiding the use of toxic and hazardous products and materials</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Check with local laws and regulations about recycling and give careful consideration to the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables from inside to outside. It is mandatory to recycle certain materials in New Jersey and important to be aware of the local recycling rules. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website.</a></p>\n<h3><strong><img class=\"wp-image-486 size-medium alignright\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Source-Reduction-Fig-1-300x97.png\" alt=\"Jersey City Make it Green\" width=\"300\" height=\"97\" />Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jcmakeitgreen.org/reduce-waste/\">Jersey City Make It Green</a></p>\n<p>Education is an important aspect of waste prevention, and many municipalities provide guidance materials related to source reduction and recycling. Jersey City Make It Green provides educational information about the how and why of waste prevention and offers resources such as <a href=\"https://recyclecoach.com/usa/nj/jersey-city/75/reminder\">Recycle Coach</a>, a searchable website that provides information about what to recycle, where to drop off materials, and a customized waste pick up calendar.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on health and impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Reducing and Reusing Basics. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas\">https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas</a> (accessed May 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling Information – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">US EPA – Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Source Reduction and Recycling','','inherit','closed','closed','','2265-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:02:17','2022-04-22 20:02:17','',2265,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2267',0,'revision','',0),(2268,3,'2022-04-22 20:02:17','2022-04-22 20:02:17','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction or waste reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Many steps can be taken to minimize household waste through reducing, reusing, and then recycling.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Source reduction includes taking steps such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buying durable, reusable and repairable products</li>\n<li>Avoiding single-use items (plastic straws, plastic bags, etc.)</li>\n<li>Selecting products with less package and/or buy in bulk</li>\n<li>Buying used items</li>\n<li>Maintaining and repairing household items</li>\n<li>Sharing, borrowing or renting items</li>\n<li>Avoiding the use of toxic and hazardous products and materials</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Check with local laws and regulations about recycling and give careful consideration to the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables from inside to outside. It is mandatory to recycle certain materials in New Jersey and important to be aware of the local recycling rules. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website.</a></p>\n<h3><strong><img class=\"wp-image-486 size-medium alignright\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Source-Reduction-Fig-1-300x97.png\" alt=\"Jersey City Make it Green\" width=\"300\" height=\"97\" />Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jcmakeitgreen.org/reduce-waste/\">Jersey City Make It Green</a></p>\n<p>Education is an important aspect of waste prevention, and many municipalities provide guidance materials related to source reduction and recycling. Jersey City Make It Green provides educational information about the how and why of waste prevention and offers resources such as <a href=\"https://recyclecoach.com/usa/nj/jersey-city/75/reminder\">Recycle Coach</a>, a searchable website that provides information about what to recycle, where to drop off materials, and a customized waste pick up calendar.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on health and impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Reducing and Reusing Basics. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas\">https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas</a> (accessed May 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling Information – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">US EPA – Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Recycling Centers','','inherit','closed','closed','','2265-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:02:17','2022-04-22 20:02:17','',2265,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2268',0,'revision','',0),(2270,3,'2022-04-22 20:02:20','2022-04-22 20:02:20','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction or waste reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Many steps can be taken to minimize household waste through reducing, reusing, and then recycling.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Source reduction includes taking steps such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buying durable, reusable and repairable products</li>\n<li>Avoiding single-use items (plastic straws, plastic bags, etc.)</li>\n<li>Selecting products with less package and/or buy in bulk</li>\n<li>Buying used items</li>\n<li>Maintaining and repairing household items</li>\n<li>Sharing, borrowing or renting items</li>\n<li>Avoiding the use of toxic and hazardous products and materials</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Check with local laws and regulations about recycling and give careful consideration to the type of recycling containers, space allocations for containers and storage, and the movement of recyclables from inside to outside. It is mandatory to recycle certain materials in New Jersey and important to be aware of the local recycling rules. For more information about solid waste and recycling in NJ, visit the <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid Hazardous Waste Management program website.</a></p>\n<h3><strong><img class=\"wp-image-486 size-medium alignright\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Source-Reduction-Fig-1-300x97.png\" alt=\"Jersey City Make it Green\" width=\"300\" height=\"97\" />Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jcmakeitgreen.org/reduce-waste/\">Jersey City Make It Green</a></p>\n<p>Education is an important aspect of waste prevention, and many municipalities provide guidance materials related to source reduction and recycling. Jersey City Make It Green provides educational information about the how and why of waste prevention and offers resources such as <a href=\"https://recyclecoach.com/usa/nj/jersey-city/75/reminder\">Recycle Coach</a>, a searchable website that provides information about what to recycle, where to drop off materials, and a customized waste pick up calendar.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on health and impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Reducing and Reusing Basics. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas\">https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics#ideas</a> (accessed May 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/residential.html\">NJ DEP – Recycling Information – Residential</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">US EPA – Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">US EPA – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Source Reduction and Recycling','','inherit','closed','closed','','2265-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:02:20','2022-04-22 20:02:20','',2265,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2270',0,'revision','',0),(2272,3,'2022-04-22 20:02:41','2022-04-22 20:02:41','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Preventative Maintenance\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Preventative Maintenance?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventive Maintenance refers to scheduled maintenance that supports operating reliability. Since mechanical parts wear out, the reliability of any equipment directly relates to operating age and service. Therefore, equipment that is serviced or overhauled as needed helps to better protected it is against the likelihood of failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>A green home is not only built with green materials and systems but is also operated and maintained with green practices and procedures. The home’s energy and water efficiency, indoor air quality, durability, and resource efficiency are determined as much by its operation and maintenance as its design. The cost of operating and maintaining (O&amp;M) a home over its lifetime far exceeds the initial construction costs, so reducing O&amp;M costs can lead to substantial savings for the homeowner and preservation of resources in the environment.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_85\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<img class=\"wp-image-85 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Preventative-Maintenance-Fig-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1663\" /> Figure 1 – Regular Housekeeping (Source: rawpixle.com)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Regular and Preventative Maintenance</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can extend the life of a home’s systems, equipment, and materials. Some examples of systems that benefit from preventative maintenance include ventilation systems, water fixtures, and automatic sensors. Keep a list of all equipment and track equipment conditions and maintenance year round.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup><span> </span>Include information on the component condition and functional performance, as well as information on equipment age, usage, location, model number, and warranty. Also keep a checklist of standard housekeeping for each season including grounds check, exteriors, roof, windows/doors, plumbing, attic, and cooling/heating systems.</p>\n<p>Regular equipment maintenance is the consistent upkeep of equipment and appliances in the home. Regular maintenance keeps equipment and appliances running efficiently, which in turn reduces energy demands as well as costs. Equipment benefitting from regular maintenance includes:</p>\n<p><strong><b>Appliances</b></strong></p>\n<p><b></b>Basic maintenance of appliances generally results in more efficient operations, energy savings, and cost savings. Some examples of typical appliance maintenance are keeping refrigeration coils clean, keeping the food scrap bin empty in the dishwasher, and keeping lint traps and vents clear on the clothes dryer. Another important appliance to regularly maintain is the exhaust fan found in kitchens and bathrooms.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Detailed instructions on regular appliance maintenance can be found with the new product or on the manufacturer’s website.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Heating and Cooling Systems</b></strong></p>\n<p>There are a wide variety of heating and cooling system elements that need regular maintenance. First and foremost, all heating systems should be annually inspected and maintained by a certified contractor; the best time to do this is at the beginning of the heating season. Filters on heating and cooling systems should be changed or cleaned at least every 3 months to ensure positive indoor air quality and free air flow.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Furnaces, flues, and chimneys should be inspected and maintained each year to check for any damage since this could result in the release of particles or harmful gases. Finally, even regular maintenance on new furnaces is essential. It is possible for corrosion to occur and combustion gases to leak.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Air ducts have not been considered a vital source of indoor air contaminants or mainly instrumental in preventing health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Consider having ducts cleaned, however, in cases where there is mold visible on the inside of the ducts or other components of the heating and cooling systems; where there have been vermin present; or where there are excessive amounts of dirt or debris in the supply registers. The National Air Duct Cleaning Association can help guide the decision to hire a service.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance tasks include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changing furnace filters as needed</li>\n<li>Caulking around tubs and showers</li>\n<li>Having weatherized and properly fitting operable windows</li>\n<li>Repairing leaking faucets and valves</li>\n<li>Clearing away vegetation growing on the building exterior</li>\n<li>Keeping grading high around the home’s foundation and sloping away from the foundation to keep water from ponding around the structure and migrating below</li>\n<li>Reducing interior moisture by using exhaust fans</li>\n<li>Maintaining caulking on exterior walls</li>\n<li>Ensuring adequate ventilation for exterior air conditioning condensers</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Review product material safety data sheets (MSDS), available from manufacturers, for all chemicals used in the home and look for the most resource efficient and non-toxic alternatives when servicing or making repairs.</p>\n<p><strong><b>Moisture Reduction</b></strong></p>\n<p>Moisture can cause many problems in the home, so it is vital to ensure that it is minimized as much as possible (see Moisture Control). Dehumidifiers can be used to reduce moisture in the home, and it is crucial to clean dehumidifiers regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ventilation fans are also an excellent way to keep moist areas, such as basements, dry. Any areas that get wet in the home need to be dried out thoroughly within 48 hours to prevent the growth of any mold.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Regularly inspect pipes for any leaks or drips and repair promptly.</p>\n<p><strong><b>General Housecleaning</b></strong></p>\n<p>Simple housecleaning can go a long way in terms of regular preventative maintenance. When using a vacuum around the house, choose one with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to reduce allergens. Vacuuming and cleaning around vents, baseboard heaters and radiators, and cold air returns reduce dust buildup, which is an indoor air pollutant.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Other valuable housecleaning maintenance items include professional carpet cleaning (look for services that provide chemical-free cleaning and use low-water processes) and sealing garbage and food waste and removing it often.</p>\n<p>Preventative maintenance can help avoid more costly repairs. For example, keeping the roof free of debris and mold growth extends the life of the roof. Another example of preventative maintenance is trimming the trees and shrubs away from the foundation of the home and ensuring there is no wood-soil contact around the perimeter of the house. These conditions attract termites and carpenter ants, which can cause potential structural damage. Taking preventative measures can save the expense and environmental impact of using chemicals to contend with wood-destroying insects.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Not only does preventative maintenance have significant implications for the health, safety, and comfort of the occupants of the home, it affects the home’s environmental impacts and its financial performance. Effective maintenance goes a long way in preventing the need for costly repairs and optimizes equipment operations. Also, a well-maintained home can increase resale value.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b>Energy savings.<span> </span></b></strong>Conducting regular maintenance like cleaning air filters and getting annual servicing for HVAC systems can improve the efficiency of those systems, and therefore save energy and money.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Keeping these systems maintained and in working order also saves money since replacements are needed less frequently.</li>\n<li><strong><b>Air quality improvement.<span> </span></b></strong>Regular maintenance of equipment improves indoor air quality. Changing and cleaning air filters often allows them to work better and capture more dust, allergens, and other particulates in the air. Many different kinds of equipment and appliances run on combustion. Some examples are furnaces, water heaters, ovens, and stoves. If not maintained adequately, these pieces of equipment can release excessive amounts of combustion pollutants, like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other particulates.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Regular maintenance on pipes and other damp areas can reduce excessive moisture, preventing mold growth and airborne mold spores. Reducing gases, particulates, and other airborne pollutants protect the health of the occupants of the home. Air pollutants can cause a range of health issues, including but not limited to irritated eyes, nose, and throat, headache, dizziness, fatigue, asthma attacks, respiratory disease, and even cancer.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Homeowners should expect to spend between 1 to 3% of the value of the home on annual home maintenance and repairs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Preventative maintenance reduces energy use, improves indoor environmental quality, extends the life of the equipment, and saves money over time. Regularly maintaining equipment and appliances saves money over time by reducing the frequency of repairs and replacement and saving energy costs. By keeping equipment and appliances running efficiently, they use less energy and therefore result in reduced energy bills. Finally, it is essential to check to manufacturer warranty on equipment and appliances; often, manufacturers include annual maintenance for a few years, allowing equipment servicing at no extra cost to the homeowner. Simple maintenance tasks like cleaning air filters, vacuuming refrigerator coils, and cleaning out exhaust fans require only time from the homeowner, not money. For more involved maintenance such as annual furnace servicing, paying a professional may be a better option. Annual contracts are often available, and service costs vary with the system. The money spent on the professional pays for itself in the energy savings and replacement and repair costs.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Preventative maintenance strengthens home performance and bolsters resiliency by regularly identifying and fixing vulnerable building systems and features, such as a leaking roof or windows, and helping to prevent additional damage and loss during extreme weather events.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kyasen, Ronda. The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist.<span> </span><em><i>The New York Times.</i></em><span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/biologic.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air. Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned?<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airduct.html</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>National Air Duct Cleaning Association.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.nadca.com/\">http://www.nadca.com/</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html\">http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldguide.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>National Association of Home Builders, Don’t Ignore Outdoor Home Maintenance Chores This Fall,<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx\">https://www.nahb.org/consumers/homeownership/homeownership-articles/do-not-ignore-outdoor-home-maintenance-chores-this-fall.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>ENERGY STAR. Save Energy at Home,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home\">http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/combust.html </a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality,<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1</a><span> </span>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>HouseMaster. Inspection Services.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist\">http://www.housemaster.com/index.asp?p=inspection&amp;s=whatweinspect&amp;t=checklist</a>(accessed April 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-building-evaluation/\">Building Evaluation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-commissioning/\">Commissioning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-source-reduction-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-storm-preparation-and-emergency-planning/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/campaign/heating_cooling/maintenance_checklist\">ENERGY STAR – Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/\">Home Advisor </a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/easy-winter-home-maintenance-and-repair-for-under-1000/\">Winter Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/spring-maintenance-checklist/\">Spring Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/summer-maintenance-checklist-for-your-home/\">Summer Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.homeadvisor.com/r/fall-home-maintenance-checklist/\">Fall Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/guides/realestate/home-maintenance-checklist\">The NY Times – The Annual Home Maintenance Checklist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#iaqhome1\">US EPA. Green Building, Indoor Air Quality, The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/rcm.php?r=optimize_om\">Whole Building Design Guide – Reliability-Centered Maintenance</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Homeowner Training','','inherit','closed','closed','','2092-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:02:41','2022-04-22 20:02:41','',2092,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2272',0,'revision','',0),(2274,3,'2022-04-22 20:06:28','2022-04-22 20:06:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Grid-interactive Efficient Homes\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What are Grid-interactive Efficient Homes?</strong></h2>\n<p>A Grid-interactive Efficient Home refers to an energy efficient home with smart technologies (e.g., smart meters, appliances, sensors and controls) designed to utilize multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, energy storage, demand response (DR), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids, and energy efficiency in an integrated way to optimize energy use for grid services (i.e., generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity from utility to consumer) and occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Figure 1 shows several key features of GEBs. They are<span> </span><em>energy-efficient</em><span> </span>with high-performance features designed to reduce both net energy consumption and peak demand. Second, they are<span> </span><em>connected</em>, with two-way communication capabilities that allow for response to grid conditions. Next, they are also<span> </span><em>smart</em><span> </span>with sensors and controls to optimize energy use for occupant patterns and preferences, utility price signals, weather forecasts, and available on-site generation and storage. Finally, they are<span> </span><em>flexible<span> </span></em>with the ability to reduce, shed, shift, modulate or generate electricity.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][caption id=\"attachment_51\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"830\"]<img class=\"wp-image-51 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Grid-Interactive-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).\" width=\"830\" height=\"394\" /> Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Traditional homes do not interact with the grid or exchange energy data information. Smart homes with advanced sensors and controls, and connected devices can utilize a variety of distribute energy resources (DERs) but often manage them separately. For example, smart metered homes employ advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply (see <em>Smart Meters</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Smart metered homes with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) move beyond the siloed smart home approach to integrate across DERs, managing interactions and benefiting from synergies. Table 1 illustrates the integrated approach of GEB. In this example, grid-interactive efficient homes is the sum (i.e., integrated DER approach) of the energy-efficiency and demand response columns (i.e., single DER approaches) and the additional capabilities of the GEB column.</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach</strong></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_334\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"826\"]<img class=\"wp-image-334 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NC-Grid-Interactive-Table-1-.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach\" width=\"826\" height=\"826\" /> Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach Source: US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: GEB Overview. 11 Note: GEB is meant to be additive of EE and DR columns- GEB is the sum of efficiency, demand response, and the additional capabilities listed in the GEB column.[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home starts with optimizing energy efficiency, assessing DER opportunities and utilizing smart building technologies, which typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the home and the occupants user profile. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. Look for devices with interoperability between smart home technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.smartneighbor.com/pages/reynolds-landing\">Connected Neighborhoods Project</a></p>\n<p>The Connected Neighborhoods Project recognizes the opportunities for maximizing building-to-grid interaction across a set of buildings. The first Smart Neighborhood, located in Birmingham, Alabama, is a joint project between Alabama Power, Signature Homes, and researchers at Southern Company, U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Laboratory and the Electric Power Research Institute. This project integrates 62 high-performance homes with energy efficient systems and smart technologies, and a community-scale microgrid with PV panels, battery storage, and a backup natural gas generator to optimize grid services, cost savings, and resiliency.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs provide benefits to the grid by shifting energy loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from renewable sources thus reducing the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and preventing supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> GEBs also help to balance new loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and to support the electrification of transportation by hosting two-way EV charging locations. Also, GEBs can provide utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>GEBs add value to homeowners by transforming traditional but flexible building energy demands like lighting and HVAC, along with DERs into energy assets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> GEBs equipped with smart technologies can respond to electric grid conditions, which helps avert system stress, enhancing the reliability of the entire grid. For homeowners, the benefits include cost-savings and efficiency gains from a better understanding of energy consumption patterns, advanced load and asset control mechanisms, and increased demand response and DER opportunities.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of GEB varies depending on the home’s technological features, size, layout, and existing capabilities. In general, whole building applications benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often help cover the costs of building automatic systems and smart sensors and controls.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, GEBs help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently dispatching work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times, limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> 2006 FERC Report, 18 <a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20170513121841/https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-star-appliances-and-plug-load/\">Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak-Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://newbuildings.org/resource/gridoptimal/\">New Buildings Institute (NBI) GridOptimal Buildings Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/project-ev-grid-integration.html\">NREL Electric Vehicle Grid Integration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings\">US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR Grid-interactive Efficient Homes','','publish','closed','closed','','grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb','','','2022-06-23 17:43:28','2022-06-23 17:43:28','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2274',0,'post','',0),(2276,3,'2022-04-22 20:06:28','2022-04-22 20:06:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Grid-interactive Efficient Homes\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Grid-interactive Efficient Homes?</strong></h2>\n<p>A Grid-interactive Efficient Home refers to an energy efficient home with smart technologies (e.g., smart meters, appliances, sensors and controls) designed to utilize multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, energy storage, demand response (DR), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids, and energy efficiency in an integrated way to optimize energy use for grid services (i.e., generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity from utility to consumer) and occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Figure 1 shows several key features of GEBs. They are<span> </span><em>energy-efficient</em><span> </span>with high-performance features designed to reduce both net energy consumption and peak demand. Second, they are<span> </span><em>connected</em>, with two-way communication capabilities that allow for response to grid conditions. Next, they are also<span> </span><em>smart</em><span> </span>with sensors and controls to optimize energy use for occupant patterns and preferences, utility price signals, weather forecasts, and available on-site generation and storage. Finally, they are<span> </span><em>flexible<span> </span></em>with the ability to reduce, shed, shift, modulate or generate electricity.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_51\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"830\"]<img class=\"wp-image-51 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Grid-Interactive-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).\" width=\"830\" height=\"394\" /> Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Traditional homes do not interact with the grid or exchange energy data information. Smart homes with advanced sensors and controls, and connected devices can utilize a variety of distribute energy resources (DERs) but often manage them separately. For example, smart metered homes employ advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply (see <em>Smart Meters</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Smart metered homes with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) move beyond the siloed smart home approach to integrate across DERs, managing interactions and benefiting from synergies. Table 1 illustrates the integrated approach of GEB. In this example, grid-interactive efficient homes is the sum (i.e., integrated DER approach) of the energy-efficiency and demand response columns (i.e., single DER approaches) and the additional capabilities of the GEB column.</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach</strong></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_334\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"826\"]<img class=\"wp-image-334 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NC-Grid-Interactive-Table-1-.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach\" width=\"826\" height=\"826\" /> Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach Source: US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: GEB Overview. 11 Note: GEB is meant to be additive of EE and DR columns- GEB is the sum of efficiency, demand response, and the additional capabilities listed in the GEB column.[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home starts with optimizing energy efficiency, assessing DER opportunities and utilizing smart building technologies, which typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the home and the occupants user profile. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. Look for devices with interoperability between smart home technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.smartneighbor.com/pages/reynolds-landing\">Connected Neighborhoods Project</a></p>\n<p>The Connected Neighborhoods Project recognizes the opportunities for maximizing building-to-grid interaction across a set of buildings. The first Smart Neighborhood, located in Birmingham, Alabama, is a joint project between Alabama Power, Signature Homes, and researchers at Southern Company, U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Laboratory and the Electric Power Research Institute. This project integrates 62 high-performance homes with energy efficient systems and smart technologies, and a community-scale microgrid with PV panels, battery storage, and a backup natural gas generator to optimize grid services, cost savings, and resiliency.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs provide benefits to the grid by shifting energy loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from renewable sources thus reducing the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and preventing supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> GEBs also help to balance new loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and to support the electrification of transportation by hosting two-way EV charging locations. Also, GEBs can provide utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>GEBs add value to homeowners by transforming traditional but flexible building energy demands like lighting and HVAC, along with DERs into energy assets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> GEBs equipped with smart technologies can respond to electric grid conditions, which helps avert system stress, enhancing the reliability of the entire grid. For homeowners, the benefits include cost-savings and efficiency gains from a better understanding of energy consumption patterns, advanced load and asset control mechanisms, and increased demand response and DER opportunities.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of GEB varies depending on the home’s technological features, size, layout, and existing capabilities. In general, whole building applications benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often help cover the costs of building automatic systems and smart sensors and controls.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, GEBs help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently dispatching work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times, limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> 2006 FERC Report, 18 <a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-star-appliances-and-plug-load/\">Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak-Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://newbuildings.org/resource/gridoptimal/\">New Buildings Institute (NBI) GridOptimal Buildings Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/project-ev-grid-integration.html\">NREL Electric Vehicle Grid Integration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings\">US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Grid-interactive Efficient Homes','','inherit','closed','closed','','2274-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:06:28','2022-04-22 20:06:28','',2274,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2276',0,'revision','',0),(2277,3,'2022-04-22 20:06:28','2022-04-22 20:06:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Grid-interactive Efficient Homes\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Grid-interactive Efficient Homes?</strong></h2>\n<p>A Grid-interactive Efficient Home refers to an energy efficient home with smart technologies (e.g., smart meters, appliances, sensors and controls) designed to utilize multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, energy storage, demand response (DR), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids, and energy efficiency in an integrated way to optimize energy use for grid services (i.e., generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity from utility to consumer) and occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Figure 1 shows several key features of GEBs. They are<span> </span><em>energy-efficient</em><span> </span>with high-performance features designed to reduce both net energy consumption and peak demand. Second, they are<span> </span><em>connected</em>, with two-way communication capabilities that allow for response to grid conditions. Next, they are also<span> </span><em>smart</em><span> </span>with sensors and controls to optimize energy use for occupant patterns and preferences, utility price signals, weather forecasts, and available on-site generation and storage. Finally, they are<span> </span><em>flexible<span> </span></em>with the ability to reduce, shed, shift, modulate or generate electricity.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_51\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"830\"]<img class=\"wp-image-51 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Grid-Interactive-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).\" width=\"830\" height=\"394\" /> Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Traditional homes do not interact with the grid or exchange energy data information. Smart homes with advanced sensors and controls, and connected devices can utilize a variety of distribute energy resources (DERs) but often manage them separately. For example, smart metered homes employ advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply (see <em>Smart Meters</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Smart metered homes with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) move beyond the siloed smart home approach to integrate across DERs, managing interactions and benefiting from synergies. Table 1 illustrates the integrated approach of GEB. In this example, grid-interactive efficient homes is the sum (i.e., integrated DER approach) of the energy-efficiency and demand response columns (i.e., single DER approaches) and the additional capabilities of the GEB column.</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach</strong></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_334\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"826\"]<img class=\"wp-image-334 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NC-Grid-Interactive-Table-1-.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach\" width=\"826\" height=\"826\" /> Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach Source: US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: GEB Overview. 11 Note: GEB is meant to be additive of EE and DR columns- GEB is the sum of efficiency, demand response, and the additional capabilities listed in the GEB column.[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home starts with optimizing energy efficiency, assessing DER opportunities and utilizing smart building technologies, which typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the home and the occupants user profile. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. Look for devices with interoperability between smart home technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.smartneighbor.com/pages/reynolds-landing\">Connected Neighborhoods Project</a></p>\n<p>The Connected Neighborhoods Project recognizes the opportunities for maximizing building-to-grid interaction across a set of buildings. The first Smart Neighborhood, located in Birmingham, Alabama, is a joint project between Alabama Power, Signature Homes, and researchers at Southern Company, U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Laboratory and the Electric Power Research Institute. This project integrates 62 high-performance homes with energy efficient systems and smart technologies, and a community-scale microgrid with PV panels, battery storage, and a backup natural gas generator to optimize grid services, cost savings, and resiliency.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs provide benefits to the grid by shifting energy loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from renewable sources thus reducing the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and preventing supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> GEBs also help to balance new loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and to support the electrification of transportation by hosting two-way EV charging locations. Also, GEBs can provide utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>GEBs add value to homeowners by transforming traditional but flexible building energy demands like lighting and HVAC, along with DERs into energy assets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> GEBs equipped with smart technologies can respond to electric grid conditions, which helps avert system stress, enhancing the reliability of the entire grid. For homeowners, the benefits include cost-savings and efficiency gains from a better understanding of energy consumption patterns, advanced load and asset control mechanisms, and increased demand response and DER opportunities.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of GEB varies depending on the home’s technological features, size, layout, and existing capabilities. In general, whole building applications benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often help cover the costs of building automatic systems and smart sensors and controls.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, GEBs help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently dispatching work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times, limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> 2006 FERC Report, 18 <a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-star-appliances-and-plug-load/\">Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak-Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://newbuildings.org/resource/gridoptimal/\">New Buildings Institute (NBI) GridOptimal Buildings Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/project-ev-grid-integration.html\">NREL Electric Vehicle Grid Integration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings\">US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Source Reduction and Recycling','','inherit','closed','closed','','2274-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:06:28','2022-04-22 20:06:28','',2274,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2277',0,'revision','',0),(2279,3,'2022-04-22 20:06:31','2022-04-22 20:06:31','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Grid-interactive Efficient Homes\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What are Grid-interactive Efficient Homes?</strong></h2>\n<p>A Grid-interactive Efficient Home refers to an energy efficient home with smart technologies (e.g., smart meters, appliances, sensors and controls) designed to utilize multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, energy storage, demand response (DR), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids, and energy efficiency in an integrated way to optimize energy use for grid services (i.e., generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity from utility to consumer) and occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Figure 1 shows several key features of GEBs. They are<span> </span><em>energy-efficient</em><span> </span>with high-performance features designed to reduce both net energy consumption and peak demand. Second, they are<span> </span><em>connected</em>, with two-way communication capabilities that allow for response to grid conditions. Next, they are also<span> </span><em>smart</em><span> </span>with sensors and controls to optimize energy use for occupant patterns and preferences, utility price signals, weather forecasts, and available on-site generation and storage. Finally, they are<span> </span><em>flexible<span> </span></em>with the ability to reduce, shed, shift, modulate or generate electricity.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_51\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"830\"]<img class=\"wp-image-51 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Grid-Interactive-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).\" width=\"830\" height=\"394\" /> Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Traditional homes do not interact with the grid or exchange energy data information. Smart homes with advanced sensors and controls, and connected devices can utilize a variety of distribute energy resources (DERs) but often manage them separately. For example, smart metered homes employ advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply (see <em>Smart Meters</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Smart metered homes with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) move beyond the siloed smart home approach to integrate across DERs, managing interactions and benefiting from synergies. Table 1 illustrates the integrated approach of GEB. In this example, grid-interactive efficient homes is the sum (i.e., integrated DER approach) of the energy-efficiency and demand response columns (i.e., single DER approaches) and the additional capabilities of the GEB column.</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach</strong></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_334\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"826\"]<img class=\"wp-image-334 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NC-Grid-Interactive-Table-1-.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach\" width=\"826\" height=\"826\" /> Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach Source: US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: GEB Overview. 11 Note: GEB is meant to be additive of EE and DR columns- GEB is the sum of efficiency, demand response, and the additional capabilities listed in the GEB column.[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home starts with optimizing energy efficiency, assessing DER opportunities and utilizing smart building technologies, which typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the home and the occupants user profile. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. Look for devices with interoperability between smart home technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.smartneighbor.com/pages/reynolds-landing\">Connected Neighborhoods Project</a></p>\n<p>The Connected Neighborhoods Project recognizes the opportunities for maximizing building-to-grid interaction across a set of buildings. The first Smart Neighborhood, located in Birmingham, Alabama, is a joint project between Alabama Power, Signature Homes, and researchers at Southern Company, U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Laboratory and the Electric Power Research Institute. This project integrates 62 high-performance homes with energy efficient systems and smart technologies, and a community-scale microgrid with PV panels, battery storage, and a backup natural gas generator to optimize grid services, cost savings, and resiliency.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs provide benefits to the grid by shifting energy loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from renewable sources thus reducing the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and preventing supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> GEBs also help to balance new loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and to support the electrification of transportation by hosting two-way EV charging locations. Also, GEBs can provide utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>GEBs add value to homeowners by transforming traditional but flexible building energy demands like lighting and HVAC, along with DERs into energy assets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> GEBs equipped with smart technologies can respond to electric grid conditions, which helps avert system stress, enhancing the reliability of the entire grid. For homeowners, the benefits include cost-savings and efficiency gains from a better understanding of energy consumption patterns, advanced load and asset control mechanisms, and increased demand response and DER opportunities.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of GEB varies depending on the home’s technological features, size, layout, and existing capabilities. In general, whole building applications benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often help cover the costs of building automatic systems and smart sensors and controls.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, GEBs help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently dispatching work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times, limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> 2006 FERC Report, 18 <a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-star-appliances-and-plug-load/\">Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak-Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://newbuildings.org/resource/gridoptimal/\">New Buildings Institute (NBI) GridOptimal Buildings Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/project-ev-grid-integration.html\">NREL Electric Vehicle Grid Integration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings\">US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Grid-interactive Efficient Homes','','inherit','closed','closed','','2274-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:06:31','2022-04-22 20:06:31','',2274,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2279',0,'revision','',0),(2280,3,'2022-04-22 20:07:09','2022-04-22 20:07:09','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Grid-interactive Efficient Homes\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What are Grid-interactive Efficient Homes?</strong></h2>\n<p>A Grid-interactive Efficient Home refers to an energy efficient home with smart technologies (e.g., smart meters, appliances, sensors and controls) designed to utilize multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, energy storage, demand response (DR), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids, and energy efficiency in an integrated way to optimize energy use for grid services (i.e., generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity from utility to consumer) and occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Figure 1 shows several key features of GEBs. They are<span> </span><em>energy-efficient</em><span> </span>with high-performance features designed to reduce both net energy consumption and peak demand. Second, they are<span> </span><em>connected</em>, with two-way communication capabilities that allow for response to grid conditions. Next, they are also<span> </span><em>smart</em><span> </span>with sensors and controls to optimize energy use for occupant patterns and preferences, utility price signals, weather forecasts, and available on-site generation and storage. Finally, they are<span> </span><em>flexible<span> </span></em>with the ability to reduce, shed, shift, modulate or generate electricity.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][caption id=\"attachment_51\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"830\"]<img class=\"wp-image-51 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Grid-Interactive-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).\" width=\"830\" height=\"394\" /> Figure 1 – Grid-interactive Efficient Building Key Characteristics (Source: U.S. DOE Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings 2019).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Traditional homes do not interact with the grid or exchange energy data information. Smart homes with advanced sensors and controls, and connected devices can utilize a variety of distribute energy resources (DERs) but often manage them separately. For example, smart metered homes employ advanced meters that record and communicate electricity consumption in short-time intervals back to the utility, providing two-way communication, support for advanced monitoring and payment systems, and remote disablement and enablement of supply (see <em>Smart Meters</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Smart metered homes with on-site renewable energy generation (see <em>Photovoltaic Systems and On-Site Wind Energy Generation Systems</em>) and energy storage (see<em> Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</em>) can signal consumers to use renewable electricity when available, store excess when not needed or sell excess electricity to the grid. Electric vehicles can provide energy storage for energy generated on-site or from the grid when electricity demand is low (see <em>Alternative Transportation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Demand response ready devices and appliances can be automatically controlled by energy providers or incentivized through demand response programs to motivate consumers to reduce or shift energy use to off-peak hours.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) move beyond the siloed smart home approach to integrate across DERs, managing interactions and benefiting from synergies. Table 1 illustrates the integrated approach of GEB. In this example, grid-interactive efficient homes is the sum (i.e., integrated DER approach) of the energy-efficiency and demand response columns (i.e., single DER approaches) and the additional capabilities of the GEB column.</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach</strong></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_334\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"826\"]<img class=\"wp-image-334 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NC-Grid-Interactive-Table-1-.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach\" width=\"826\" height=\"826\" /> Table 1 – Single vs. Integrated Distribute Energy Resources (DER) Approach Source: US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: GEB Overview. 11 Note: GEB is meant to be additive of EE and DR columns- GEB is the sum of efficiency, demand response, and the additional capabilities listed in the GEB column.[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a Grid-interactive Efficient Home starts with optimizing energy efficiency, assessing DER opportunities and utilizing smart building technologies, which typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>The decision to install smart sensors and controls and the type of technologies selected depends on the size of the home and the occupants user profile. Smart system set-up and installation requires expert assistance. Look for devices with interoperability between smart home technologies and with demand response functionality to allow for changes and updates over time as new products, services and incentive programs become available.</p>\n<p>While sensors and controls may require cabling and cable pathways, an increasing number of applications now offer wireless capabilities. While sensors that do not depend on external power are available and recommended, sensors and controls that do rely on the grid and network connections require backup options for electric power and network connection in case of a power or network failure.</p>\n<p>Contact the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a> to learn about current incentives and programs that support smart building technologies that increase energy-efficiency.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.smartneighbor.com/pages/reynolds-landing\">Connected Neighborhoods Project</a></p>\n<p>The Connected Neighborhoods Project recognizes the opportunities for maximizing building-to-grid interaction across a set of buildings. The first Smart Neighborhood, located in Birmingham, Alabama, is a joint project between Alabama Power, Signature Homes, and researchers at Southern Company, U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Laboratory and the Electric Power Research Institute. This project integrates 62 high-performance homes with energy efficient systems and smart technologies, and a community-scale microgrid with PV panels, battery storage, and a backup natural gas generator to optimize grid services, cost savings, and resiliency.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs provide benefits to the grid by shifting energy loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from renewable sources thus reducing the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and preventing supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> GEBs also help to balance new loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and to support the electrification of transportation by hosting two-way EV charging locations. Also, GEBs can provide utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>GEBs add value to homeowners by transforming traditional but flexible building energy demands like lighting and HVAC, along with DERs into energy assets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> GEBs equipped with smart technologies can respond to electric grid conditions, which helps avert system stress, enhancing the reliability of the entire grid. For homeowners, the benefits include cost-savings and efficiency gains from a better understanding of energy consumption patterns, advanced load and asset control mechanisms, and increased demand response and DER opportunities.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The initial cost, energy savings, and payback of GEB varies depending on the home’s technological features, size, layout, and existing capabilities. In general, whole building applications benefit from economies of scale and cost less to install per square foot in larger buildings than in smaller ones. Advances in wireless technologies have also lowered installation and commissioning costs compared to wired devices. Savings from the reduced utility demand charges often help cover the costs of building automatic systems and smart sensors and controls.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>GEBs increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, GEBs help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently dispatching work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times, limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Connected Devices Alliance (CDA). 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018. <a href=\"https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes\">https://edna.iea-4e.org/news/case-study-smart-homes</a> (accessed August 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Smart Home. Home Automation Buying Guide. <a href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/\">https://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buying-guide-home-automation/</a>  (accessed May 3, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> 2006 FERC Report, 18 <a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. April 2019. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings: Overview <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/bto-geb_overview-4.15.19.pdf</a>  (accessed April 29, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> EPRI. “Estimating the Cost and Benefits of the Smart Grid.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a> (accessed May 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-star-appliances-and-plug-load/\">Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak-Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://newbuildings.org/resource/gridoptimal/\">New Buildings Institute (NBI) GridOptimal Buildings Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/project-ev-grid-integration.html\">NREL Electric Vehicle Grid Integration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings\">US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency &amp; Renewable Energy. Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR Grid-interactive Efficient Homes','','inherit','closed','closed','','2274-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:07:09','2022-04-22 20:07:09','',2274,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2280',0,'revision','',0),(2281,3,'2022-04-22 20:09:56','2022-04-22 20:09:56','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls (NLCs)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs?</h2>\n<p>A high-efficiency lighting system integrates daylighting and energy efficient electrical lighting with networked lighting controls (NLCs), to provide a comfortable environment for occupants while reducing energy consumption and costs (see<span> </span><em>Daylighting, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Lighting accounts for about 5% of the annual energy costs in a typical household and contributes to a household’s cooling load by emitting waste heat.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>More stringent building codes, a phasing out of traditional lighting technologies (e.g., incandescents), utility incentives and rebates, and more energy efficient federal standards for lighting applications (e.g., screw-in light bulbs) have helped to drive the market for energy-efficient lighting in the residential sector.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_559\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1354\"]<img class=\"wp-image-559 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-High-Efficiency-Lighting-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).\" width=\"1354\" height=\"412\" /> Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Fig 1 shows the evolution in energy use, cost savings, and lifespan of light bulbs  from standard incandescent to more energy efficient options. The least efficient replacement option is halogen incandescent which are 30% more efficient, followed by compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) which are 75% more efficient, topped by light emitting diodes (LEDs) which are 90% more efficient than traditional incandescent light bulbs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Currently available smart bulbs equipped with smart sensors and paired with networked lighting controls that allow for lighting customization and control such as scheduling, daylight harvesting, vacancy sensing, and control of light color and brightness, promise to offer additional performance and efficiency gains and an enhanced occupant experience (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>By providing a foundation for future applications of the IoT (Internet of Things), high-efficiency lighting and networked lighting controls hold the potential to create new benefits and functions beyond supplying basic illumination, such as enhanced security, indoor environmental quality monitoring, and remote maintenance and service through.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2>How to Implement a High-Efficiency Lighting System and NLCs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency lighting design involves complex interactions among multiple building systems and disciplines, requiring an integrated design process (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). For example, window selection and placement influences daylighting and electrical lighting design, sizing of mechanical systems, and interior design layouts (see<span> </span><em>Energy-Efficient Windows, Glare and Heat Gain Reduction, and Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).</p>\n<p>Lighting guidelines provide general principles and examples, but project specific solutions often require hiring a lighting expert familiar with advanced computer simulation software and tools that can simulate a range of scenarios and outcomes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<p>The following provides general best practice guidance on how to optimize daylighting and electrical lighting in new residential buildings.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a>Set a Maximum Lighting Power Density (LPD) goal to avoid overlit spaces and to achieve an appropriate level of lighting per area lit or watts per square foot.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Set a Daylight Sufficiency Goal that establishes the amount of daylighting, measured in lumens or foot-candles, required to perform a typical task in each space without electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Develop a layered lighting strategy that first utilizes daylight to provide primary or ambient lighting levels, and then adds electrical lighting options and controls to vary lighting levels for a variety of tasks and occupant preferences.</li>\n<li>Specify<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans\">ENERGY STAR</a><span> </span>qualified lighting products that are at least 75% more efficient and last 25% longer than incandescent lighting.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></li>\n<li>Use the Federal Trade Commission’s “Lighting Facts Label” to determine a light’s brightness, measured in lumens, annual energy cost, lifespan, and light appearance, measured from warm to cool.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span><strong> </strong></li>\n<li>Use vacancy sensors (manual on, automatic off) as opposed to occupancy sensors (automatic on, automatic off) to save energy by requiring occupants to flip a switch if they require additional light.</li>\n<li>Provide adjustable task lighting such as under cabinet lighting to save energy by reducing ambient lighting needs and directing appropriate lighting to specific tasks.</li>\n<li>Incorporate exterior motion sensors to save energy and enhance security and safety.</li>\n<li>Consider installing solar powered outdoor LED lights for lighting outdoor pathways.</li>\n<li>Plan for backup power for critical lighting needs during a power outage, such as emergency and night-time lighting (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).</li>\n</ol>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usled.com/case-studies\">Residential lighting upgrade, Southbury, CT.</a></p>\n<p>There were 124 individual lights changed in the home, delivering a savings of over $200 per month amounting to $2,533 per year.  The total investment was  $6,024 and the payback period is 2.4 years. The savings are based on the total delivered power cost of $0.16/kw‐hr.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/delta/pdf/OutdoorEntry.pdf\">Outdoor entry lighting on a residential home, Albany, NY.</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ceiling-mounted incandescent luminaire in front door entry replaced with motion sensor and Energy Star-rated CFL luminaires</li>\n<li>Reduced glare</li>\n<li>Lit the entry at dusk, improving safety without leaving lights on all day</li>\n<li>Reduced energy use</li>\n<li>Estimated annual energy savings of 208 kW l and an energy bill savings of $30</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Supplementing natural daylight with high-efficiency lighting systems and NLCs provides multiple benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduced utility bills through energy efficiency gains and reduced maintenance and replacement cost through longer-lasting bulbs and fixtures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced cooling loads and downsized HVAC systems through less heat gain from electrical lighting (see<span> </span><em>Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced number of toxic chemicals released into the waste stream and reduced light pollution.</li>\n<li>Improved occupant satisfaction based on a shared preference for naturally daylit spaces, reinforcement of circadian rhythms, and connection to nature.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></li>\n<li>Increased resale value of the home (1%-3%).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EnergyStar certified LED light bulbs in common replacement sizes for traditional lighting (40 and 60W) cost around $2 per bulb and pay for themselves in energy saved in a few months.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]</a><span> </span>Utility incentive programs and product manufacturer rebate programs can also help offset upfront costs. See the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/home/home\">NJ Clean Energy Office</a><span> </span>for available incentives.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing high-efficiency lighting and NCLs provides energy savings and reduces reliance and stress on the electricity grid. Daylit-optimized homes paired with high-efficiency lighting systems and built-in backup power for critical lighting needs further reduce stress on the grid, especially in the event of a power outage.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide. (WBDG). Energy Efficient Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed May 16, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) requires general service lighting products sold as of January 1, 2020, to have an efficacy of at least 45 lumens per watt.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2017. “Guiding SSL Technology Advances.” Department of Solid-State Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Iain Campbell et al. 2017. “A New Way to Think About Office Lighting.” Harvard Business Review. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Buildings Program.<span> </span><a href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting\">https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>WBDG. Daylighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed April 4, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>General Service Administration (GSA) Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings. 2018. “Saving Energy Through Lighting and Daylighting Strategies.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf\">https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf</a>  (accessed Dec 11, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>Federal Trade Commission. 2017. “The FTC “Lighting Facts” Label: Questions and Answers for Manufacturers.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers\">https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers</a><span> </span> (accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Ibid WBDG.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>Efficient Windows Collaborative. 2018. Daylight Controls. Windows for High-Performance Buildings.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20210119123555/https://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php\">http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php</a><span> </span>(accessed July 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a><span> </span>California Energy Commission and Heschong Mahone Group. 2013 “Office Daylighting Potential”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf\">http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a><span> </span>Consumer Reports. “8 Ways to Boost Your Home Value”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/\">https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/</a><span> </span>(accessed May 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.ALP_Builder\">Energy Star Advanced Lighting Package</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/researchAreas/reducingbarriers/index.asp\">Illuminating Energy-Efficient Options</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/programs/energy-efficient-products/lighting\">NJ Clean Energy Program Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">National Institute of Building Sciences: Introduction to Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/fluorescent_bulbs.htm\">NJ DEP Fluorescent Bulb Recycling Resources</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://recycleabulb.veoliaes.com/home\">Recycleabulb.com</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs','','','2022-06-23 19:37:42','2022-06-23 19:37:42','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2281',0,'post','',0),(2283,3,'2022-04-22 20:09:56','2022-04-22 20:09:56','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls (NLCs)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs?</h2>\n<p>A high-efficiency lighting system integrates daylighting and energy efficient electrical lighting with networked lighting controls (NLCs), to provide a comfortable environment for occupants while reducing energy consumption and costs (see<span> </span><em>Daylighting, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Lighting accounts for about 5% of the annual energy costs in a typical household and contributes to a household’s cooling load by emitting waste heat.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>More stringent building codes, a phasing out of traditional lighting technologies (e.g., incandescents), utility incentives and rebates, and more energy efficient federal standards for lighting applications (e.g., screw-in light bulbs) have helped to drive the market for energy-efficient lighting in the residential sector.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_559\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1354\"]<img class=\"wp-image-559 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-High-Efficiency-Lighting-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).\" width=\"1354\" height=\"412\" /> Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Fig 1 shows the evolution in energy use, cost savings, and lifespan of light bulbs  from standard incandescent to more energy efficient options. The least efficient replacement option is halogen incandescent which are 30% more efficient, followed by compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) which are 75% more efficient, topped by light emitting diodes (LEDs) which are 90% more efficient than traditional incandescent light bulbs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Currently available smart bulbs equipped with smart sensors and paired with networked lighting controls that allow for lighting customization and control such as scheduling, daylight harvesting, vacancy sensing, and control of light color and brightness, promise to offer additional performance and efficiency gains and an enhanced occupant experience (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>By providing a foundation for future applications of the IoT (Internet of Things), high-efficiency lighting and networked lighting controls hold the potential to create new benefits and functions beyond supplying basic illumination, such as enhanced security, indoor environmental quality monitoring, and remote maintenance and service through.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2>How to Implement a High-Efficiency Lighting System and NLCs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency lighting design involves complex interactions among multiple building systems and disciplines, requiring an integrated design process (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). For example, window selection and placement influences daylighting and electrical lighting design, sizing of mechanical systems, and interior design layouts (see<span> </span><em>Energy-Efficient Windows, Glare and Heat Gain Reduction, and Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).</p>\n<p>Lighting guidelines provide general principles and examples, but project specific solutions often require hiring a lighting expert familiar with advanced computer simulation software and tools that can simulate a range of scenarios and outcomes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<p>The following provides general best practice guidance on how to optimize daylighting and electrical lighting in new residential buildings.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a>Set a Maximum Lighting Power Density (LPD) goal to avoid overlit spaces and to achieve an appropriate level of lighting per area lit or watts per square foot.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Set a Daylight Sufficiency Goal that establishes the amount of daylighting, measured in lumens or foot-candles, required to perform a typical task in each space without electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Develop a layered lighting strategy that first utilizes daylight to provide primary or ambient lighting levels, and then adds electrical lighting options and controls to vary lighting levels for a variety of tasks and occupant preferences.</li>\n<li>Specify<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans\">ENERGY STAR</a><span> </span>qualified lighting products that are at least 75% more efficient and last 25% longer than incandescent lighting.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></li>\n<li>Use the Federal Trade Commission’s “Lighting Facts Label” to determine a light’s brightness, measured in lumens, annual energy cost, lifespan, and light appearance, measured from warm to cool.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span><strong> </strong></li>\n<li>Use vacancy sensors (manual on, automatic off) as opposed to occupancy sensors (automatic on, automatic off) to save energy by requiring occupants to flip a switch if they require additional light.</li>\n<li>Provide adjustable task lighting such as under cabinet lighting to save energy by reducing ambient lighting needs and directing appropriate lighting to specific tasks.</li>\n<li>Incorporate exterior motion sensors to save energy and enhance security and safety.</li>\n<li>Consider installing solar powered outdoor LED lights for lighting outdoor pathways.</li>\n<li>Plan for backup power for critical lighting needs during a power outage, such as emergency and night-time lighting (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).</li>\n</ol>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://usaled.com/index.php/case-studies/residential-lighting-project.html\">Residential lighting upgrade, Southbury, CT.</a></p>\n<p>There were 124 individual lights changed in the home, delivering a savings of over $200 per month amounting to $2,533 per year.  The total investment was  $6,024 and the payback period is 2.4 years. The savings are based on the total delivered power cost of $0.16/kw‐hr.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/delta/pdf/OutdoorEntry.pdf\">Outdoor entry lighting on a residential home, Albany, NY.</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ceiling-mounted incandescent luminaire in front door entry replaced with motion sensor and Energy Star-rated CFL luminaires</li>\n<li>Reduced glare</li>\n<li>Lit the entry at dusk, improving safety without leaving lights on all day</li>\n<li>Reduced energy use</li>\n<li>Estimated annual energy savings of 208 kW l and an energy bill savings of $30</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Supplementing natural daylight with high-efficiency lighting systems and NLCs provides multiple benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduced utility bills through energy efficiency gains and reduced maintenance and replacement cost through longer-lasting bulbs and fixtures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced cooling loads and downsized HVAC systems through less heat gain from electrical lighting (see<span> </span><em>Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced number of toxic chemicals released into the waste stream and reduced light pollution.</li>\n<li>Improved occupant satisfaction based on a shared preference for naturally daylit spaces, reinforcement of circadian rhythms, and connection to nature.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></li>\n<li>Increased resale value of the home (1%-3%).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EnergyStar certified LED light bulbs in common replacement sizes for traditional lighting (40 and 60W) cost around $2 per bulb and pay for themselves in energy saved in a few months.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]</a><span> </span>Utility incentive programs and product manufacturer rebate programs can also help offset upfront costs. See the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/home/home\">NJ Clean Energy Office</a><span> </span>for available incentives.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing high-efficiency lighting and NCLs provides energy savings and reduces reliance and stress on the electricity grid. Daylit-optimized homes paired with high-efficiency lighting systems and built-in backup power for critical lighting needs further reduce stress on the grid, especially in the event of a power outage.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide. (WBDG). Energy Efficient Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed May 16, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) requires general service lighting products sold as of January 1, 2020, to have an efficacy of at least 45 lumens per watt.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2017. “Guiding SSL Technology Advances.” Department of Solid-State Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Iain Campbell et al. 2017. “A New Way to Think About Office Lighting.” Harvard Business Review. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Buildings Program.<span> </span><a href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting\">https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>WBDG. Daylighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed April 4, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>General Service Administration (GSA) Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings. 2018. “Saving Energy Through Lighting and Daylighting Strategies.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf\">https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf</a>  (accessed Dec 11, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>Federal Trade Commission. 2017. “The FTC “Lighting Facts” Label: Questions and Answers for Manufacturers.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers\">https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers</a><span> </span> (accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Ibid WBDG.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>Efficient Windows Collaborative. 2018. Daylight Controls. Windows for High-Performance Buildings.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php\">http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php</a><span> </span>(accessed July 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a><span> </span>California Energy Commission and Heschong Mahone Group. 2013 “Office Daylighting Potential”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf\">http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a><span> </span>Consumer Reports. “8 Ways to Boost Your Home Value”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/\">https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/</a><span> </span>(accessed May 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.ALP_Builder\">Energy Star Advanced Lighting Package</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/researchAreas/reducingbarriers/index.asp\">Illuminating Energy-Efficient Options</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/programs/energy-efficient-products/lighting\">NJ Clean Energy Program Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">National Institute of Building Sciences: Introduction to Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/fluorescent_bulbs.htm\">NJ DEP Fluorescent Bulb Recycling Resources</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://recycleabulb.veoliaes.com/home\">Recycleabulb.com</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs','','inherit','closed','closed','','2281-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:09:56','2022-04-22 20:09:56','',2281,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2283',0,'revision','',0),(2284,3,'2022-04-22 20:09:56','2022-04-22 20:09:56','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls (NLCs)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs?</h2>\n<p>A high-efficiency lighting system integrates daylighting and energy efficient electrical lighting with networked lighting controls (NLCs), to provide a comfortable environment for occupants while reducing energy consumption and costs (see<span> </span><em>Daylighting, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Lighting accounts for about 5% of the annual energy costs in a typical household and contributes to a household’s cooling load by emitting waste heat.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>More stringent building codes, a phasing out of traditional lighting technologies (e.g., incandescents), utility incentives and rebates, and more energy efficient federal standards for lighting applications (e.g., screw-in light bulbs) have helped to drive the market for energy-efficient lighting in the residential sector.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_559\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1354\"]<img class=\"wp-image-559 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-High-Efficiency-Lighting-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).\" width=\"1354\" height=\"412\" /> Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Fig 1 shows the evolution in energy use, cost savings, and lifespan of light bulbs  from standard incandescent to more energy efficient options. The least efficient replacement option is halogen incandescent which are 30% more efficient, followed by compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) which are 75% more efficient, topped by light emitting diodes (LEDs) which are 90% more efficient than traditional incandescent light bulbs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Currently available smart bulbs equipped with smart sensors and paired with networked lighting controls that allow for lighting customization and control such as scheduling, daylight harvesting, vacancy sensing, and control of light color and brightness, promise to offer additional performance and efficiency gains and an enhanced occupant experience (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>By providing a foundation for future applications of the IoT (Internet of Things), high-efficiency lighting and networked lighting controls hold the potential to create new benefits and functions beyond supplying basic illumination, such as enhanced security, indoor environmental quality monitoring, and remote maintenance and service through.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2>How to Implement a High-Efficiency Lighting System and NLCs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency lighting design involves complex interactions among multiple building systems and disciplines, requiring an integrated design process (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). For example, window selection and placement influences daylighting and electrical lighting design, sizing of mechanical systems, and interior design layouts (see<span> </span><em>Energy-Efficient Windows, Glare and Heat Gain Reduction, and Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).</p>\n<p>Lighting guidelines provide general principles and examples, but project specific solutions often require hiring a lighting expert familiar with advanced computer simulation software and tools that can simulate a range of scenarios and outcomes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<p>The following provides general best practice guidance on how to optimize daylighting and electrical lighting in new residential buildings.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a>Set a Maximum Lighting Power Density (LPD) goal to avoid overlit spaces and to achieve an appropriate level of lighting per area lit or watts per square foot.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Set a Daylight Sufficiency Goal that establishes the amount of daylighting, measured in lumens or foot-candles, required to perform a typical task in each space without electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Develop a layered lighting strategy that first utilizes daylight to provide primary or ambient lighting levels, and then adds electrical lighting options and controls to vary lighting levels for a variety of tasks and occupant preferences.</li>\n<li>Specify<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans\">ENERGY STAR</a><span> </span>qualified lighting products that are at least 75% more efficient and last 25% longer than incandescent lighting.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></li>\n<li>Use the Federal Trade Commission’s “Lighting Facts Label” to determine a light’s brightness, measured in lumens, annual energy cost, lifespan, and light appearance, measured from warm to cool.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span><strong> </strong></li>\n<li>Use vacancy sensors (manual on, automatic off) as opposed to occupancy sensors (automatic on, automatic off) to save energy by requiring occupants to flip a switch if they require additional light.</li>\n<li>Provide adjustable task lighting such as under cabinet lighting to save energy by reducing ambient lighting needs and directing appropriate lighting to specific tasks.</li>\n<li>Incorporate exterior motion sensors to save energy and enhance security and safety.</li>\n<li>Consider installing solar powered outdoor LED lights for lighting outdoor pathways.</li>\n<li>Plan for backup power for critical lighting needs during a power outage, such as emergency and night-time lighting (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).</li>\n</ol>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://usaled.com/index.php/case-studies/residential-lighting-project.html\">Residential lighting upgrade, Southbury, CT.</a></p>\n<p>There were 124 individual lights changed in the home, delivering a savings of over $200 per month amounting to $2,533 per year.  The total investment was  $6,024 and the payback period is 2.4 years. The savings are based on the total delivered power cost of $0.16/kw‐hr.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/delta/pdf/OutdoorEntry.pdf\">Outdoor entry lighting on a residential home, Albany, NY.</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ceiling-mounted incandescent luminaire in front door entry replaced with motion sensor and Energy Star-rated CFL luminaires</li>\n<li>Reduced glare</li>\n<li>Lit the entry at dusk, improving safety without leaving lights on all day</li>\n<li>Reduced energy use</li>\n<li>Estimated annual energy savings of 208 kW l and an energy bill savings of $30</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Supplementing natural daylight with high-efficiency lighting systems and NLCs provides multiple benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduced utility bills through energy efficiency gains and reduced maintenance and replacement cost through longer-lasting bulbs and fixtures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced cooling loads and downsized HVAC systems through less heat gain from electrical lighting (see<span> </span><em>Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced number of toxic chemicals released into the waste stream and reduced light pollution.</li>\n<li>Improved occupant satisfaction based on a shared preference for naturally daylit spaces, reinforcement of circadian rhythms, and connection to nature.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></li>\n<li>Increased resale value of the home (1%-3%).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EnergyStar certified LED light bulbs in common replacement sizes for traditional lighting (40 and 60W) cost around $2 per bulb and pay for themselves in energy saved in a few months.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]</a><span> </span>Utility incentive programs and product manufacturer rebate programs can also help offset upfront costs. See the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/home/home\">NJ Clean Energy Office</a><span> </span>for available incentives.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing high-efficiency lighting and NCLs provides energy savings and reduces reliance and stress on the electricity grid. Daylit-optimized homes paired with high-efficiency lighting systems and built-in backup power for critical lighting needs further reduce stress on the grid, especially in the event of a power outage.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide. (WBDG). Energy Efficient Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed May 16, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) requires general service lighting products sold as of January 1, 2020, to have an efficacy of at least 45 lumens per watt.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2017. “Guiding SSL Technology Advances.” Department of Solid-State Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Iain Campbell et al. 2017. “A New Way to Think About Office Lighting.” Harvard Business Review. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Buildings Program.<span> </span><a href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting\">https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>WBDG. Daylighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed April 4, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>General Service Administration (GSA) Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings. 2018. “Saving Energy Through Lighting and Daylighting Strategies.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf\">https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf</a>  (accessed Dec 11, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>Federal Trade Commission. 2017. “The FTC “Lighting Facts” Label: Questions and Answers for Manufacturers.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers\">https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers</a><span> </span> (accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Ibid WBDG.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>Efficient Windows Collaborative. 2018. Daylight Controls. Windows for High-Performance Buildings.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php\">http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php</a><span> </span>(accessed July 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a><span> </span>California Energy Commission and Heschong Mahone Group. 2013 “Office Daylighting Potential”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf\">http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a><span> </span>Consumer Reports. “8 Ways to Boost Your Home Value”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/\">https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/</a><span> </span>(accessed May 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.ALP_Builder\">Energy Star Advanced Lighting Package</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/researchAreas/reducingbarriers/index.asp\">Illuminating Energy-Efficient Options</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/programs/energy-efficient-products/lighting\">NJ Clean Energy Program Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">National Institute of Building Sciences: Introduction to Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/fluorescent_bulbs.htm\">NJ DEP Fluorescent Bulb Recycling Resources</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://recycleabulb.veoliaes.com/home\">Recycleabulb.com</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR Grid-interactive Efficient Homes','','inherit','closed','closed','','2281-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:09:56','2022-04-22 20:09:56','',2281,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2284',0,'revision','',0),(2286,3,'2022-04-22 20:09:59','2022-04-22 20:09:59','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and Networked Lighting Controls (NLCs)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs?</h2>\n<p>A high-efficiency lighting system integrates daylighting and energy efficient electrical lighting with networked lighting controls (NLCs), to provide a comfortable environment for occupants while reducing energy consumption and costs (see<span> </span><em>Daylighting, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Lighting accounts for about 5% of the annual energy costs in a typical household and contributes to a household’s cooling load by emitting waste heat.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>More stringent building codes, a phasing out of traditional lighting technologies (e.g., incandescents), utility incentives and rebates, and more energy efficient federal standards for lighting applications (e.g., screw-in light bulbs) have helped to drive the market for energy-efficient lighting in the residential sector.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_559\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1354\"]<img class=\"wp-image-559 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-High-Efficiency-Lighting-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).\" width=\"1354\" height=\"412\" /> Fig 1. Common Bulb Technologies with Annual Electric Cost (Source: EnergyStar.gov).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Fig 1 shows the evolution in energy use, cost savings, and lifespan of light bulbs  from standard incandescent to more energy efficient options. The least efficient replacement option is halogen incandescent which are 30% more efficient, followed by compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) which are 75% more efficient, topped by light emitting diodes (LEDs) which are 90% more efficient than traditional incandescent light bulbs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Currently available smart bulbs equipped with smart sensors and paired with networked lighting controls that allow for lighting customization and control such as scheduling, daylight harvesting, vacancy sensing, and control of light color and brightness, promise to offer additional performance and efficiency gains and an enhanced occupant experience (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>By providing a foundation for future applications of the IoT (Internet of Things), high-efficiency lighting and networked lighting controls hold the potential to create new benefits and functions beyond supplying basic illumination, such as enhanced security, indoor environmental quality monitoring, and remote maintenance and service through.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2>How to Implement a High-Efficiency Lighting System and NLCs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency lighting design involves complex interactions among multiple building systems and disciplines, requiring an integrated design process (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). For example, window selection and placement influences daylighting and electrical lighting design, sizing of mechanical systems, and interior design layouts (see<span> </span><em>Energy-Efficient Windows, Glare and Heat Gain Reduction, and Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).</p>\n<p>Lighting guidelines provide general principles and examples, but project specific solutions often require hiring a lighting expert familiar with advanced computer simulation software and tools that can simulate a range of scenarios and outcomes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<p>The following provides general best practice guidance on how to optimize daylighting and electrical lighting in new residential buildings.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a>Set a Maximum Lighting Power Density (LPD) goal to avoid overlit spaces and to achieve an appropriate level of lighting per area lit or watts per square foot.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Set a Daylight Sufficiency Goal that establishes the amount of daylighting, measured in lumens or foot-candles, required to perform a typical task in each space without electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Develop a layered lighting strategy that first utilizes daylight to provide primary or ambient lighting levels, and then adds electrical lighting options and controls to vary lighting levels for a variety of tasks and occupant preferences.</li>\n<li>Specify<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans\">ENERGY STAR</a><span> </span>qualified lighting products that are at least 75% more efficient and last 25% longer than incandescent lighting.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></li>\n<li>Use the Federal Trade Commission’s “Lighting Facts Label” to determine a light’s brightness, measured in lumens, annual energy cost, lifespan, and light appearance, measured from warm to cool.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span><strong> </strong></li>\n<li>Use vacancy sensors (manual on, automatic off) as opposed to occupancy sensors (automatic on, automatic off) to save energy by requiring occupants to flip a switch if they require additional light.</li>\n<li>Provide adjustable task lighting such as under cabinet lighting to save energy by reducing ambient lighting needs and directing appropriate lighting to specific tasks.</li>\n<li>Incorporate exterior motion sensors to save energy and enhance security and safety.</li>\n<li>Consider installing solar powered outdoor LED lights for lighting outdoor pathways.</li>\n<li>Plan for backup power for critical lighting needs during a power outage, such as emergency and night-time lighting (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).</li>\n</ol>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://usaled.com/index.php/case-studies/residential-lighting-project.html\">Residential lighting upgrade, Southbury, CT.</a></p>\n<p>There were 124 individual lights changed in the home, delivering a savings of over $200 per month amounting to $2,533 per year.  The total investment was  $6,024 and the payback period is 2.4 years. The savings are based on the total delivered power cost of $0.16/kw‐hr.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/delta/pdf/OutdoorEntry.pdf\">Outdoor entry lighting on a residential home, Albany, NY.</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ceiling-mounted incandescent luminaire in front door entry replaced with motion sensor and Energy Star-rated CFL luminaires</li>\n<li>Reduced glare</li>\n<li>Lit the entry at dusk, improving safety without leaving lights on all day</li>\n<li>Reduced energy use</li>\n<li>Estimated annual energy savings of 208 kW l and an energy bill savings of $30</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Supplementing natural daylight with high-efficiency lighting systems and NLCs provides multiple benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduced utility bills through energy efficiency gains and reduced maintenance and replacement cost through longer-lasting bulbs and fixtures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced cooling loads and downsized HVAC systems through less heat gain from electrical lighting (see<span> </span><em>Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n<li>Reduced number of toxic chemicals released into the waste stream and reduced light pollution.</li>\n<li>Improved occupant satisfaction based on a shared preference for naturally daylit spaces, reinforcement of circadian rhythms, and connection to nature.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></li>\n<li>Increased resale value of the home (1%-3%).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EnergyStar certified LED light bulbs in common replacement sizes for traditional lighting (40 and 60W) cost around $2 per bulb and pay for themselves in energy saved in a few months.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]</a><span> </span>Utility incentive programs and product manufacturer rebate programs can also help offset upfront costs. See the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/home/home\">NJ Clean Energy Office</a><span> </span>for available incentives.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing high-efficiency lighting and NCLs provides energy savings and reduces reliance and stress on the electricity grid. Daylit-optimized homes paired with high-efficiency lighting systems and built-in backup power for critical lighting needs further reduce stress on the grid, especially in the event of a power outage.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide. (WBDG). Energy Efficient Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed May 16, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) requires general service lighting products sold as of January 1, 2020, to have an efficacy of at least 45 lumens per watt.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2017. “Guiding SSL Technology Advances.” Department of Solid-State Lighting.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/09/f33/guiding-ssl-technology-advances_sep2016.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Iain Campbell et al. 2017. “A New Way to Think About Office Lighting.” Harvard Business Review. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Buildings Program.<span> </span><a href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting\">https://hbr.org/2017/06/a-new-way-to-think-about-office-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 13, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>WBDG. Daylighting.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php</a><span> </span>(accessed April 4, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>General Service Administration (GSA) Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings. 2018. “Saving Energy Through Lighting and Daylighting Strategies.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf\">https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/Lighting_and_Daylighting_Two_Pager_508_compliant_2-9-15.pdf</a>  (accessed Dec 11, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>US DOE. 2018. LEDs.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting\">https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/led-lighting</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>Federal Trade Commission. 2017. “The FTC “Lighting Facts” Label: Questions and Answers for Manufacturers.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers\">https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftc-lighting-facts-label-questions-answers-manufacturers</a><span> </span> (accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Ibid WBDG.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>Efficient Windows Collaborative. 2018. Daylight Controls. Windows for High-Performance Buildings.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php\">http://www.commercialwindows.org/daycontrols.php</a><span> </span>(accessed July 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a><span> </span>California Energy Commission and Heschong Mahone Group. 2013 “Office Daylighting Potential”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf\">http://www.sunlightindoors.com/resources/SunlightBenefits/OfficeDaylightPotential.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a><span> </span>Consumer Reports. “8 Ways to Boost Your Home Value”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/\">https://www.consumerreports.org/home-improvement/8-ways-to-boost-your-home-value/</a><span> </span>(accessed May 17, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-high-efficiency-lighting-systems-and-networked-lighting-controls-nlcs/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]</a><span> </span>EnergyStar. 2017. “The Light Bulb Revolution: EPA Predicts Widespread Adoption of LED Lighting by 2020 if Utility Programs Persist.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf\">https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/LBR_2017-LED-Takeover.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed Dec 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.ALP_Builder\">Energy Star Advanced Lighting Package</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/researchAreas/reducingbarriers/index.asp\">Illuminating Energy-Efficient Options</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/residential/programs/energy-efficient-products/lighting\">NJ Clean Energy Program Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/efficientlighting.php\">National Institute of Building Sciences: Introduction to Energy Efficient Lighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/fluorescent_bulbs.htm\">NJ DEP Fluorescent Bulb Recycling Resources</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://recycleabulb.veoliaes.com/home\">Recycleabulb.com</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR High-Efficiency Lighting Systems and NLCs','','inherit','closed','closed','','2281-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:09:59','2022-04-22 20:09:59','',2281,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2286',0,'revision','',0),(2287,3,'2022-04-22 20:11:56','2022-04-22 20:11:56','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Smart Metering\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are Smart Meters?</h2>\n<p>Smart meters or advanced meters, a component of the broader smart grid<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a>, use digital meters to record and transmit energy consumption and generation data, namely electricity, but also natural gas or water usage in intervals of an hour or less through a secure wireless network back to the utility and consumer at least daily.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>As opposed to traditional analog or automated meter readers, smart meter technology includes remote reading, two-way communication, support of dynamic pricing,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span>and remote disablement and enablement of supply.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Energy companies can use data from smart meters to better monitor and manage energy supply and demand, power outages and the integration of clean energy sources into the electric grid. Smart meters provide documentation for participation in utility-sponsored demand response programs, which incentivize consumers to interrupt or adjust energy use by reducing or shifting loads or storing energy during peak demand and periods of higher energy costs or enable utilities to remotely switch electricity services on or off based on the cost or availability of energy.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>For example, consumption data from smart meters can signal a utility or consumer to remotely turn off air-conditioning units to avoid peak load issues or to run appliances during lower demand, lower-cost times of the day (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_18\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"814\"]<img class=\"wp-image-18 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-Smart-Metering-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Smart water and gas meters (Source: Pacific Gas and Electric Company).\" width=\"814\" height=\"396\" /> Figure 1 – Smart water and gas meters (Source: Pacific Gas and Electric Company).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Data collected from smart meters connected to a smart grid supports the advancement and adoption of distributed energy generation and energy storage technologies, such as wind and solar, and plug-in electric vehicles (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a><span> </span>By measuring both electricity generated as well as delivered, smart meters can help utilities better manage and control the storage and transmission of renewable power from distributed energy sources and micro-grids to end-users. Smart meter data can also provide consumers with information on when to use, store, or sell on-site renewable energy generation back to the grid and encourage smart electric vehicle charging during off-peak, low-cost hours (see<span> </span><em>Alternative Transportation</em>).</p>\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Smart Meter System</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a smart metering system begins with identifying the intended use and goals of the system as this determines the system’s requirements and features. Smart meter systems typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>Non-sub-metered systems bill tenants based on a percentage of the total usage for the entire building. A smart sub-metered system makes billing tenants for their actual usage possible.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a><span> </span>In residential buildings with multiple tenants, smart meters provide individual tenants and the utility company information on electricity, natural gas, and water usage, providing the opportunity to track progress on conservation strategies and participation in demand response programs and to identify opportunities to increase energy efficiency and cost savings.</p>\n<p>Contact local electricity, natural gas, and water service providers for information on smart metering opportunities and demand response programs. In the absence of a utility run program, smart meters can be implemented by homeowners to supply real-time energy and water data for making informed energy choices or to help identify potential equipment issues and leaks, providing energy, water, and cost savings.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en/our-energy-future/technology-innovation/smart-meters\">Orange &amp; Rockland Smart Meter Program</a></p>\n<p>The Orange &amp; Rockland Electric Utility plans to install 400,000 smart meters to residential and commercial customers by 2020. The smart metering program aims to utilize the data from smart meters to boost grid reliability and cut the length of power outages by automatically notifying the utility when outages occur leading to faster restoration. Potential benefits to customers include data on energy use habits to promote behavior change or to signal customers to run building equipment and devices at off-peak hours or when cleaner, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are available.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart meters provide benefits to both utility companies and consumers. Data gathered from smart meters provides utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a><span> </span>Via demand response, smart meters support the shift of loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from cleaner or renewable sources, reduce the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and prevent supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Benefits to consumers include enhanced customer service, reduced theft due to the remote and real-time meter reading, and the establishment of time-based rates. Smart meters also inform consumers of their real-time energy usage, providing them with data to make informed energy use decisions and potentially change behavior. Smart metering water lines allow homeowners to see consumption trends within the residence and to target areas for improvement.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>One study estimated that the average commercial customer would pay $7,000 to $10,000 for smart meter technology, which includes transmission and distribution upgrades and various customer costs (primarily the costs of the in-building technologies).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span>As an example, Rockland Electric predicts deployment costs of $16.5 million and estimates operational and management expenses over 20 years at $12 million. The utility projects to save $82 million over two decades in reduced labor and outage costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></p>\n<p>For smart water meters, project costs range widely based on the number of customers, the specific metering, and communications technologies selected, the level of software integration, and the state of the metering system before smart metering system implementation.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart meters increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, smart meters help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently sending work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times and limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Smart grids are electricity supply networks that use digital communications technology to detect and react to changes in energy supply and demand and manage the transport of electricity from generation sources to end users.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). 2017. Frequently Asked Questions: Smart Meters. Updated December 7, 2017.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=108&amp;t=1\">https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=108&amp;t=1</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>Dynamic pricing includes time-of-use pricing, real-time pricing, variable peak pricing, critical peak pricing, and critical or peak time rebates.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative. “Do smart meters help the environment?”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/faqs/do-smart-meters-help-the-environment\">http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/faqs/do-smart-meters-help-the-environment</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 6, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>National Conference of State Legislatures “Utility Submetering”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/utility-submetering.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/utility-submetering.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>2006 FERC Report, 18<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>EPRI, “Estimating the Costs and Benefits of the Smart Grid.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Tom Johnson. 2017. NJ Spotlight. “Is New Jersey Finally Getting Smarter about Smart Meters?”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/17/09/06/is-new-jersey-finally-getting-smarter-about-smart-meters/\">http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/17/09/06/is-new-jersey-finally-getting-smarter-about-smart-meters/</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 7, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20170513121841/https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/\">Grid-interactive Efficient Homes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bpu.state.nj.us/\">State of NJ Board of Public Utilities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200210021604/https://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/2017/DR-AM-Report2017.pdf\">US FERC, “Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering: December 2017”</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR Smart Metering','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-smart-metering','','','2022-06-23 19:37:49','2022-06-23 19:37:49','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2287',0,'post','',0),(2289,3,'2022-04-22 20:11:56','2022-04-22 20:11:56','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Smart Metering\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What are Smart Meters?</h2>\n<p>Smart meters or advanced meters, a component of the broader smart grid<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a>, use digital meters to record and transmit energy consumption and generation data, namely electricity, but also natural gas or water usage in intervals of an hour or less through a secure wireless network back to the utility and consumer at least daily.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>As opposed to traditional analog or automated meter readers, smart meter technology includes remote reading, two-way communication, support of dynamic pricing,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span>and remote disablement and enablement of supply.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Energy companies can use data from smart meters to better monitor and manage energy supply and demand, power outages and the integration of clean energy sources into the electric grid. Smart meters provide documentation for participation in utility-sponsored demand response programs, which incentivize consumers to interrupt or adjust energy use by reducing or shifting loads or storing energy during peak demand and periods of higher energy costs or enable utilities to remotely switch electricity services on or off based on the cost or availability of energy.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>For example, consumption data from smart meters can signal a utility or consumer to remotely turn off air-conditioning units to avoid peak load issues or to run appliances during lower demand, lower-cost times of the day (see<span> </span><em>Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_18\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"814\"]<img class=\"wp-image-18 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-Smart-Metering-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Smart water and gas meters (Source: Pacific Gas and Electric Company).\" width=\"814\" height=\"396\" /> Figure 1 – Smart water and gas meters (Source: Pacific Gas and Electric Company).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Data collected from smart meters connected to a smart grid supports the advancement and adoption of distributed energy generation and energy storage technologies, such as wind and solar, and plug-in electric vehicles (see<span> </span><em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a><span> </span>By measuring both electricity generated as well as delivered, smart meters can help utilities better manage and control the storage and transmission of renewable power from distributed energy sources and micro-grids to end-users. Smart meter data can also provide consumers with information on when to use, store, or sell on-site renewable energy generation back to the grid and encourage smart electric vehicle charging during off-peak, low-cost hours (see<span> </span><em>Alternative Transportation</em>).</p>\n<h2><strong>Implementing a Smart Meter System</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a smart metering system begins with identifying the intended use and goals of the system as this determines the system’s requirements and features. Smart meter systems typically include installation of metering devices, communication networks, and data gathering and processing systems, as well as associated management and installation requirements.</p>\n<p>Non-sub-metered systems bill tenants based on a percentage of the total usage for the entire building. A smart sub-metered system makes billing tenants for their actual usage possible.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a><span> </span>In residential buildings with multiple tenants, smart meters provide individual tenants and the utility company information on electricity, natural gas, and water usage, providing the opportunity to track progress on conservation strategies and participation in demand response programs and to identify opportunities to increase energy efficiency and cost savings.</p>\n<p>Contact local electricity, natural gas, and water service providers for information on smart metering opportunities and demand response programs. In the absence of a utility run program, smart meters can be implemented by homeowners to supply real-time energy and water data for making informed energy choices or to help identify potential equipment issues and leaks, providing energy, water, and cost savings.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en/our-energy-future/technology-innovation/smart-meters\">Orange &amp; Rockland Smart Meter Program</a></p>\n<p>The Orange &amp; Rockland Electric Utility plans to install 400,000 smart meters to residential and commercial customers by 2020. The smart metering program aims to utilize the data from smart meters to boost grid reliability and cut the length of power outages by automatically notifying the utility when outages occur leading to faster restoration. Potential benefits to customers include data on energy use habits to promote behavior change or to signal customers to run building equipment and devices at off-peak hours or when cleaner, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are available.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart meters provide benefits to both utility companies and consumers. Data gathered from smart meters provides utilities with information for conducting load forecasting, tracking renewable energy generation and storage, providing better monitoring of service quality, improving management of service outages, and initiating demand response programs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a><span> </span>Via demand response, smart meters support the shift of loads to off-peak times with more efficient generation from cleaner or renewable sources, reduce the need for additional generation from expensive standby power plants, and resulting air pollution, and prevent supply interruptions, grid congestion, and line losses.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Benefits to consumers include enhanced customer service, reduced theft due to the remote and real-time meter reading, and the establishment of time-based rates. Smart meters also inform consumers of their real-time energy usage, providing them with data to make informed energy use decisions and potentially change behavior. Smart metering water lines allow homeowners to see consumption trends within the residence and to target areas for improvement.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>One study estimated that the average commercial customer would pay $7,000 to $10,000 for smart meter technology, which includes transmission and distribution upgrades and various customer costs (primarily the costs of the in-building technologies).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a><span> </span>As an example, Rockland Electric predicts deployment costs of $16.5 million and estimates operational and management expenses over 20 years at $12 million. The utility projects to save $82 million over two decades in reduced labor and outage costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></p>\n<p>For smart water meters, project costs range widely based on the number of customers, the specific metering, and communications technologies selected, the level of software integration, and the state of the metering system before smart metering system implementation.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Smart meters increase resiliency by supporting the smart grid, which aims to diversify and strengthen the electric grid through better energy management and the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar as well as electric vehicle charging into the electric grid. During storms or power outages, smart meters help accelerate service restoration by identifying problem areas and efficiently sending work crews, thereby reducing repair costs and total outage times and limiting business closures, health and safety hazards, food spoilage, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Smart grids are electricity supply networks that use digital communications technology to detect and react to changes in energy supply and demand and manage the transport of electricity from generation sources to end users.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). 2017. Frequently Asked Questions: Smart Meters. Updated December 7, 2017.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=108&amp;t=1\">https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=108&amp;t=1</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 5, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>Dynamic pricing includes time-of-use pricing, real-time pricing, variable peak pricing, critical peak pricing, and critical or peak time rebates.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative. “Do smart meters help the environment?”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/faqs/do-smart-meters-help-the-environment\">http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/faqs/do-smart-meters-help-the-environment</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 6, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>National Conference of State Legislatures “Utility Submetering”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/utility-submetering.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/utility-submetering.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>2006 FERC Report, 18<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf\">http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/demand-response.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Connected Devices Alliance. 2018. “Intelligent Efficiency –  A Case Study of Barriers and Solutions – Smart Homes.” March 2018.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>EPRI, “Estimating the Costs and Benefits of the Smart Grid.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/Estimating_Costs_Benefits_Smart_Grid_Preliminary_Estimate_In_201103.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Tom Johnson. 2017. NJ Spotlight. “Is New Jersey Finally Getting Smarter about Smart Meters?”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/17/09/06/is-new-jersey-finally-getting-smarter-about-smart-meters/\">http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/17/09/06/is-new-jersey-finally-getting-smarter-about-smart-meters/</a><span> </span>(accessed Sept 7, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed May 1, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/grid-interactive-efficient-buildings-geb/\">Grid-interactive Efficient Homes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready PV Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.gridwise.org/\">GRIDWISE ALLIANCE</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">NJ Office of Clean Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://smartenergycc.org/\">Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/\">SmartGrid.Gov</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.whatissmartgrid.org/\">Smart Grid – Where Power is Going?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bpu.state.nj.us/\">State of NJ Board of Public Utilities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/2017/DR-AM-Report2017.pdf\">US FERC, “Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering: December 2017”</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_section]','NR Smart Metering','','inherit','closed','closed','','2287-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 20:11:56','2022-04-22 20:11:56','',2287,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2289',0,'revision','',0),