(2072,3,'2022-04-21 20:05:28','2022-04-21 20:05:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Power\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Power?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green power refers to renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefit including electricity produced from solar, wind, geothermal, biogas, some forms of biomass, and low-impact small hydroelectric sources (i.e., do not impact land use and fisheries).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Homes get their power from a mix of energy sources with varying levels of environmental impacts and benefits (see Figure 1). Electricity generated from coal, nuclear, oil, natural gas, wind, and solar all goes to the same grid (see Figure 2). Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) represent 1 MWh of renewable electricity generation and provide proof of the electricity generated by green power.</p>\n<p>Energy-efficient single-family homes that are not ideally suited for on-site renewable energy generation can voluntarily choose to switch to green energy or purchase RECs to help offset their home’s environmental and carbon footprints.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_252\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1390\"]<img class=\"wp-image-252 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).\" width=\"1390\" height=\"848\" /> Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_207\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1388\"]<img class=\"wp-image-207 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-2-.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).\" width=\"1388\" height=\"634\" /> Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>How to Purchase Green Energy</strong></h2>\n<p>In New Jersey, the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act (EDECA) of 1999 (N.J.S.A. 48:3-49) separated the supply portion of the electric rate from the delivery portion, providing the consumer the opportunity to select among third-party electricity suppliers licensed by the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU). Consumers can make decisions on a variety of factors including cost or energy efficiency and sources of electricity generation (e.g., nuclear, natural gas, oil, solar).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>Through the purchase of green power, a home does not necessarily receive renewable energy directly, but instead, the purchase of renewable energy increases the percentage that renewable sources (e.g., solar and wind) that contribute to power production within the region. Table 1 lists various ways to purchase green energy.</p>\n<p>Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_430\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1174\"]<img class=\"wp-image-430 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).\" width=\"1174\" height=\"962\" /> Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).[/caption]<p>Residential electricity consumers may choose to purchase RECs, contract with a green energy supplier or participate in a utility-sponsored green energy program. Green power products and programs often require customers to pay a premium over the standard electric price in return for green power (i.e., electricity bundled with RECs) but the utility continues to provide the electric transmission and distribution in the same way as a regular electric customer.</p>\n<p>Note that green power supply options depend on available renewable energy resources and projects, and state and utility policies and programs. Check with your utility provider for available programs and current incentives. Other options include Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) that directly support specific renewable energy projects.</p>\n<p>The decision to purchase green power involves identifying and comparing green power options among verified, third-party certified green power providers that meet nationally-accepted standards for product quality. At this time, the <a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a> is the only organization that certifies and independently verifies green power products in the United States.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Conventional electricity relies on fossil fuels and produces significant air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Green power provides the following environmental benefits:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supports renewable energy resource and technology development either directly through PPAs and bundled green power products or indirectly through RECs.</li>\n<li>Reduces a home’s carbon footprint associated with electricity consumption.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.communityenergyinc.com/projects/new-jersey-solar\">Jacobstown Solar Farm, Burlington County, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>The Jacobstown Solar project, by Community Energy, Inc., provides green power to the Jersey Central Power &amp; Light (JCP&amp;L) regional electric grid and helps farmland preservation in the area by providing a source of local revenue. Landscaping on the site matches the rural surroundings and plantings of low mow turf grass reduce stormwater runoff and improve soil conditions for future agricultural uses. When NJ homeowners choose to purchase green power, they support solar companies like Community Energy, Inc. and projects like the Jacobstown Solar Farm, that provide local sources of renewable energy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>While a switch to green power does not require any upfront capital costs, currently there exists a cost premium for green power of about 2 to 4 cents per kWh.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Prices for green power vary also depending on a variety of factors, including:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supply and demand variability</li>\n<li>Product type (e.g., RECs, PPAs, utility or competitive green power products)</li>\n<li>Purchase volume (e.g., total kilowatt-hours)</li>\n<li>Contract length (e.g., short- or long-term)</li>\n<li>Resource and technology type (e.g., solar, wind)</li>\n<li>Geography (e.g., local versus national)</li>\n<li>Certification and verification status</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>A switch to green power provides resiliency benefits by helping to diversify and strengthen the electric power grid through the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar and by supporting local renewable energy generators and distributed renewable energy (DER) projects.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. “What is Green Power?” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20210915162855/https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> State of New Jersey. NJ Power Switch. Know Your Rights. <a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/\">https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. Green Power Benefits. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20210915162901/https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Residential Electric Default rates or Basic Generation Service (BGS) ratesfor NJ.     <a href=\"https://www.electricrate.com/\">https://www.electricrate.com</a> (accessed April 9, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal-heat-pumps/\">Geothermal Heat Pumps</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-onsite-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Small Wind Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biomass-energy-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal/\">Solar Thermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.bpu.state.nj.us/bpu/index.shtml\">NJ Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/\">NJ Power Switch</a></li>\n<li>New Jersey Energy Delivery Companies (EDCs)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.atlanticcityelectric.com/Pages/default.aspx\">Atlantic City Electric Company</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.firstenergycorp.com/content/customer/jersey_central_power_light.html\">JCP&amp;L</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en\">Rockland Electric</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.pseg.com/\">PSE&amp;G</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20210914170320/https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/switch-green-power\">US EPA – Switch to Green Power</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Power','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-green-power-2','','','2022-06-23 18:04:20','2022-06-23 18:04:20','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2072',0,'post','',0),(2074,3,'2022-04-21 20:05:28','2022-04-21 20:05:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span></sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices<span> </span><em>(</em>see<span> </span><em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green CleaningGreen Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:05:28','2022-04-21 20:05:28','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2074',0,'revision','',0),(2075,3,'2022-04-21 20:05:28','2022-04-21 20:05:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span></sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices<span> </span><em>(</em>see<span> </span><em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Demand Response and Peak Load Management','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:05:28','2022-04-21 20:05:28','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2075',0,'revision','',0),(2076,3,'2022-04-21 20:05:33','2022-04-21 20:05:33','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span></sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices<span> </span><em>(</em>see<span> </span><em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green CleaningGreen Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:05:33','2022-04-21 20:05:33','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2076',0,'revision','',0),(2078,3,'2022-04-21 20:07:51','2022-04-21 20:07:51','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span></sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a><span> </span>Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices<span> </span><em>(</em>see<span> </span><em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:07:51','2022-04-21 20:07:51','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2078',0,'revision','',0),(2079,3,'2022-04-21 20:10:36','2022-04-21 20:10:36','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Power\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Power?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green power refers to renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefit including electricity produced from solar, wind, geothermal, biogas, some forms of biomass, and low-impact small hydroelectric sources (i.e., do not impact land use and fisheries).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Homes get their power from a mix of energy sources with varying levels of environmental impacts and benefits (see Figure 1). Electricity generated from coal, nuclear, oil, natural gas, wind, and solar all goes to the same grid (see Figure 2). Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) represent 1 MWh of renewable electricity generation and provide proof of the electricity generated by green power.</p>\n<p>Energy-efficient single-family homes that are not ideally suited for on-site renewable energy generation can voluntarily choose to switch to green energy or purchase RECs to help offset their home’s environmental and carbon footprints.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_252\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1390\"]<img class=\"wp-image-252 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).\" width=\"1390\" height=\"848\" /> Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_207\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1388\"]<img class=\"wp-image-207 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-2-.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).\" width=\"1388\" height=\"634\" /> Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>How to Purchase Green Energy</strong></h2>\n<p>In New Jersey, the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act (EDECA) of 1999 (N.J.S.A. 48:3-49) separated the supply portion of the electric rate from the delivery portion, providing the consumer the opportunity to select among third-party electricity suppliers licensed by the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU). Consumers can make decisions on a variety of factors including cost or energy efficiency and sources of electricity generation (e.g., nuclear, natural gas, oil, solar).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>Through the purchase of green power, a home does not necessarily receive renewable energy directly, but instead, the purchase of renewable energy increases the percentage that renewable sources (e.g., solar and wind) that contribute to power production within the region. Table 1 lists various ways to purchase green energy.</p>\n<p>Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_430\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1174\"]<img class=\"wp-image-430 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).\" width=\"1174\" height=\"962\" /> Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).[/caption]<p>Residential electricity consumers may choose to purchase RECs, contract with a green energy supplier or participate in a utility-sponsored green energy program. Green power products and programs often require customers to pay a premium over the standard electric price in return for green power (i.e., electricity bundled with RECs) but the utility continues to provide the electric transmission and distribution in the same way as a regular electric customer.</p>\n<p>Note that green power supply options depend on available renewable energy resources and projects, and state and utility policies and programs. Check with your utility provider for available programs and current incentives. Other options include Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) that directly support specific renewable energy projects.</p>\n<p>The decision to purchase green power involves identifying and comparing green power options among verified, third-party certified green power providers that meet nationally-accepted standards for product quality. At this time, the <a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a> is the only organization that certifies and independently verifies green power products in the United States.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Conventional electricity relies on fossil fuels and produces significant air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Green power provides the following environmental benefits:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supports renewable energy resource and technology development either directly through PPAs and bundled green power products or indirectly through RECs.</li>\n<li>Reduces a home’s carbon footprint associated with electricity consumption.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.communityenergyinc.com/projects/new-jersey-solar\">Jacobstown Solar Farm, Burlington County, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>The Jacobstown Solar project, by Community Energy, Inc., provides green power to the Jersey Central Power &amp; Light (JCP&amp;L) regional electric grid and helps farmland preservation in the area by providing a source of local revenue. Landscaping on the site matches the rural surroundings and plantings of low mow turf grass reduce stormwater runoff and improve soil conditions for future agricultural uses. When NJ homeowners choose to purchase green power, they support solar companies like Community Energy, Inc. and projects like the Jacobstown Solar Farm, that provide local sources of renewable energy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>While a switch to green power does not require any upfront capital costs, currently there exists a cost premium for green power of about 2 to 4 cents per kWh.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Prices for green power vary also depending on a variety of factors, including:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supply and demand variability</li>\n<li>Product type (e.g., RECs, PPAs, utility or competitive green power products)</li>\n<li>Purchase volume (e.g., total kilowatt-hours)</li>\n<li>Contract length (e.g., short- or long-term)</li>\n<li>Resource and technology type (e.g., solar, wind)</li>\n<li>Geography (e.g., local versus national)</li>\n<li>Certification and verification status</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>A switch to green power provides resiliency benefits by helping to diversify and strengthen the electric power grid through the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar and by supporting local renewable energy generators and distributed renewable energy (DER) projects.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. “What is Green Power?” <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> State of New Jersey. NJ Power Switch. Know Your Rights. <a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/\">https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. Green Power Benefits. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Residential Electric Default rates or Basic Generation Service (BGS) ratesfor NJ.     <a href=\"https://www.electricrate.com/\">https://www.electricrate.com</a> (accessed April 9, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal-heat-pumps/\">Geothermal Heat Pumps</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-onsite-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Small Wind Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biomass-energy-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal/\">Solar Thermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.bpu.state.nj.us/bpu/index.shtml\">NJ Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/\">NJ Power Switch</a></li>\n<li>New Jersey Energy Delivery Companies (EDCs)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.atlanticcityelectric.com/Pages/default.aspx\">Atlantic City Electric Company</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.firstenergycorp.com/content/customer/jersey_central_power_light.html\">JCP&amp;L</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en\">Rockland Electric</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.pseg.com/\">PSE&amp;G</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/switch-green-power\">US EPA – Switch to Green Power</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:10:36','2022-04-21 20:10:36','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2079',0,'revision','',0),(2080,3,'2022-04-21 20:10:36','2022-04-21 20:10:36','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Power\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Power?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green power refers to renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefit including electricity produced from solar, wind, geothermal, biogas, some forms of biomass, and low-impact small hydroelectric sources (i.e., do not impact land use and fisheries).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Homes get their power from a mix of energy sources with varying levels of environmental impacts and benefits (see Figure 1). Electricity generated from coal, nuclear, oil, natural gas, wind, and solar all goes to the same grid (see Figure 2). Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) represent 1 MWh of renewable electricity generation and provide proof of the electricity generated by green power.</p>\n<p>Energy-efficient single-family homes that are not ideally suited for on-site renewable energy generation can voluntarily choose to switch to green energy or purchase RECs to help offset their home’s environmental and carbon footprints.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_252\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1390\"]<img class=\"wp-image-252 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).\" width=\"1390\" height=\"848\" /> Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_207\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1388\"]<img class=\"wp-image-207 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-2-.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).\" width=\"1388\" height=\"634\" /> Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>How to Purchase Green Energy</strong></h2>\n<p>In New Jersey, the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act (EDECA) of 1999 (N.J.S.A. 48:3-49) separated the supply portion of the electric rate from the delivery portion, providing the consumer the opportunity to select among third-party electricity suppliers licensed by the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU). Consumers can make decisions on a variety of factors including cost or energy efficiency and sources of electricity generation (e.g., nuclear, natural gas, oil, solar).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>Through the purchase of green power, a home does not necessarily receive renewable energy directly, but instead, the purchase of renewable energy increases the percentage that renewable sources (e.g., solar and wind) that contribute to power production within the region. Table 1 lists various ways to purchase green energy.</p>\n<p>Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_430\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1174\"]<img class=\"wp-image-430 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).\" width=\"1174\" height=\"962\" /> Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).[/caption]<p>Residential electricity consumers may choose to purchase RECs, contract with a green energy supplier or participate in a utility-sponsored green energy program. Green power products and programs often require customers to pay a premium over the standard electric price in return for green power (i.e., electricity bundled with RECs) but the utility continues to provide the electric transmission and distribution in the same way as a regular electric customer.</p>\n<p>Note that green power supply options depend on available renewable energy resources and projects, and state and utility policies and programs. Check with your utility provider for available programs and current incentives. Other options include Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) that directly support specific renewable energy projects.</p>\n<p>The decision to purchase green power involves identifying and comparing green power options among verified, third-party certified green power providers that meet nationally-accepted standards for product quality. At this time, the <a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a> is the only organization that certifies and independently verifies green power products in the United States.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Conventional electricity relies on fossil fuels and produces significant air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Green power provides the following environmental benefits:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supports renewable energy resource and technology development either directly through PPAs and bundled green power products or indirectly through RECs.</li>\n<li>Reduces a home’s carbon footprint associated with electricity consumption.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.communityenergyinc.com/projects/new-jersey-solar\">Jacobstown Solar Farm, Burlington County, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>The Jacobstown Solar project, by Community Energy, Inc., provides green power to the Jersey Central Power &amp; Light (JCP&amp;L) regional electric grid and helps farmland preservation in the area by providing a source of local revenue. Landscaping on the site matches the rural surroundings and plantings of low mow turf grass reduce stormwater runoff and improve soil conditions for future agricultural uses. When NJ homeowners choose to purchase green power, they support solar companies like Community Energy, Inc. and projects like the Jacobstown Solar Farm, that provide local sources of renewable energy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>While a switch to green power does not require any upfront capital costs, currently there exists a cost premium for green power of about 2 to 4 cents per kWh.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Prices for green power vary also depending on a variety of factors, including:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supply and demand variability</li>\n<li>Product type (e.g., RECs, PPAs, utility or competitive green power products)</li>\n<li>Purchase volume (e.g., total kilowatt-hours)</li>\n<li>Contract length (e.g., short- or long-term)</li>\n<li>Resource and technology type (e.g., solar, wind)</li>\n<li>Geography (e.g., local versus national)</li>\n<li>Certification and verification status</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>A switch to green power provides resiliency benefits by helping to diversify and strengthen the electric power grid through the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar and by supporting local renewable energy generators and distributed renewable energy (DER) projects.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. “What is Green Power?” <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> State of New Jersey. NJ Power Switch. Know Your Rights. <a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/\">https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. Green Power Benefits. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Residential Electric Default rates or Basic Generation Service (BGS) ratesfor NJ.     <a href=\"https://www.electricrate.com/\">https://www.electricrate.com</a> (accessed April 9, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal-heat-pumps/\">Geothermal Heat Pumps</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-onsite-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Small Wind Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biomass-energy-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal/\">Solar Thermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.bpu.state.nj.us/bpu/index.shtml\">NJ Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/\">NJ Power Switch</a></li>\n<li>New Jersey Energy Delivery Companies (EDCs)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.atlanticcityelectric.com/Pages/default.aspx\">Atlantic City Electric Company</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.firstenergycorp.com/content/customer/jersey_central_power_light.html\">JCP&amp;L</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en\">Rockland Electric</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.pseg.com/\">PSE&amp;G</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/switch-green-power\">US EPA – Switch to Green Power</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green CleaningGreen Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:10:36','2022-04-21 20:10:36','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2080',0,'revision','',0),(2081,3,'2022-04-21 20:10:40','2022-04-21 20:10:40','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Power\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Power?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green power refers to renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefit including electricity produced from solar, wind, geothermal, biogas, some forms of biomass, and low-impact small hydroelectric sources (i.e., do not impact land use and fisheries).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Homes get their power from a mix of energy sources with varying levels of environmental impacts and benefits (see Figure 1). Electricity generated from coal, nuclear, oil, natural gas, wind, and solar all goes to the same grid (see Figure 2). Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) represent 1 MWh of renewable electricity generation and provide proof of the electricity generated by green power.</p>\n<p>Energy-efficient single-family homes that are not ideally suited for on-site renewable energy generation can voluntarily choose to switch to green energy or purchase RECs to help offset their home’s environmental and carbon footprints.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_252\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1390\"]<img class=\"wp-image-252 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).\" width=\"1390\" height=\"848\" /> Figure 1 – Different types of energy resources based on their relative environmental benefits (Source: US EPA).[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_207\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1388\"]<img class=\"wp-image-207 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Fig-2-.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).\" width=\"1388\" height=\"634\" /> Figure 2 – Green Power Distribution Network: (1) Sources; (2) Transmission Substation; (3) Transmission Lines; (4) Area Substation; (5) Transformers; (6) Home or Business (Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>How to Purchase Green Energy</strong></h2>\n<p>In New Jersey, the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act (EDECA) of 1999 (N.J.S.A. 48:3-49) separated the supply portion of the electric rate from the delivery portion, providing the consumer the opportunity to select among third-party electricity suppliers licensed by the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU). Consumers can make decisions on a variety of factors including cost or energy efficiency and sources of electricity generation (e.g., nuclear, natural gas, oil, solar).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>Through the purchase of green power, a home does not necessarily receive renewable energy directly, but instead, the purchase of renewable energy increases the percentage that renewable sources (e.g., solar and wind) that contribute to power production within the region. Table 1 lists various ways to purchase green energy.</p>\n<p>Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_430\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1174\"]<img class=\"wp-image-430 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NC-Green-Power-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).\" width=\"1174\" height=\"962\" /> Table 1 – Green Power Supply Options (Source: Adapted from US EPA).[/caption]<p>Residential electricity consumers may choose to purchase RECs, contract with a green energy supplier or participate in a utility-sponsored green energy program. Green power products and programs often require customers to pay a premium over the standard electric price in return for green power (i.e., electricity bundled with RECs) but the utility continues to provide the electric transmission and distribution in the same way as a regular electric customer.</p>\n<p>Note that green power supply options depend on available renewable energy resources and projects, and state and utility policies and programs. Check with your utility provider for available programs and current incentives. Other options include Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) that directly support specific renewable energy projects.</p>\n<p>The decision to purchase green power involves identifying and comparing green power options among verified, third-party certified green power providers that meet nationally-accepted standards for product quality. At this time, the <a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a> is the only organization that certifies and independently verifies green power products in the United States.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Conventional electricity relies on fossil fuels and produces significant air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Green power provides the following environmental benefits:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supports renewable energy resource and technology development either directly through PPAs and bundled green power products or indirectly through RECs.</li>\n<li>Reduces a home’s carbon footprint associated with electricity consumption.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.communityenergyinc.com/projects/new-jersey-solar\">Jacobstown Solar Farm, Burlington County, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>The Jacobstown Solar project, by Community Energy, Inc., provides green power to the Jersey Central Power &amp; Light (JCP&amp;L) regional electric grid and helps farmland preservation in the area by providing a source of local revenue. Landscaping on the site matches the rural surroundings and plantings of low mow turf grass reduce stormwater runoff and improve soil conditions for future agricultural uses. When NJ homeowners choose to purchase green power, they support solar companies like Community Energy, Inc. and projects like the Jacobstown Solar Farm, that provide local sources of renewable energy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>While a switch to green power does not require any upfront capital costs, currently there exists a cost premium for green power of about 2 to 4 cents per kWh.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Prices for green power vary also depending on a variety of factors, including:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supply and demand variability</li>\n<li>Product type (e.g., RECs, PPAs, utility or competitive green power products)</li>\n<li>Purchase volume (e.g., total kilowatt-hours)</li>\n<li>Contract length (e.g., short- or long-term)</li>\n<li>Resource and technology type (e.g., solar, wind)</li>\n<li>Geography (e.g., local versus national)</li>\n<li>Certification and verification status</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>A switch to green power provides resiliency benefits by helping to diversify and strengthen the electric power grid through the integration of cleaner energy sources such as wind and solar and by supporting local renewable energy generators and distributed renewable energy (DER) projects.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. “What is Green Power?” <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/what-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> State of New Jersey. NJ Power Switch. Know Your Rights. <a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/\">https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/rights/</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Green Power Partnership. Green Power Benefits. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power\">https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/benefits-using-green-power</a> (accessed April 10, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-power/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Residential Electric Default rates or Basic Generation Service (BGS) ratesfor NJ.     <a href=\"https://www.electricrate.com/\">https://www.electricrate.com</a> (accessed April 9, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal-heat-pumps/\">Geothermal Heat Pumps</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-onsite-wind-energy-systems/\">On-Site Small Wind Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biomass-energy-systems/\">Photovoltaic (PV) Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-geothermal/\">Solar Thermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.green-e.org/\">Center for Resource Solutions’- Green e-Certified Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.bpu.state.nj.us/bpu/index.shtml\">NJ Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.gov/njpowerswitch/\">NJ Power Switch</a></li>\n<li>New Jersey Energy Delivery Companies (EDCs)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.atlanticcityelectric.com/Pages/default.aspx\">Atlantic City Electric Company</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.firstenergycorp.com/content/customer/jersey_central_power_light.html\">JCP&amp;L</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.oru.com/en\">Rockland Electric</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nj.pseg.com/\">PSE&amp;G</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/switch-green-power\">US EPA – Switch to Green Power</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Power','','inherit','closed','closed','','2072-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:10:40','2022-04-21 20:10:40','',2072,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2081',0,'revision','',0),(2082,3,'2022-04-21 20:13:06','2022-04-21 20:13:06','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> </sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see <em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices <em>(</em>see <em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180929003530/http://www.greenseal.org/Home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-green-cleaning','','','2022-06-23 18:47:56','2022-06-23 18:47:56','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2082',0,'post','',0),(2084,3,'2022-04-21 20:13:06','2022-04-21 20:13:06','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> </sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see <em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices <em>(</em>see <em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:13:06','2022-04-21 20:13:06','',2082,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2084',0,'revision','',0),(2085,3,'2022-04-21 20:13:06','2022-04-21 20:13:06','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> </sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see <em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices <em>(</em>see <em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Power','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:13:06','2022-04-21 20:13:06','',2082,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2085',0,'revision','',0),(2086,3,'2022-04-21 20:13:10','2022-04-21 20:13:10','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Green Cleaning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Green Cleaning?</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning refers to using cleaning products and procedures that minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Cleaning with green or natural products can lower airborne particulate matter concentration and improve indoor air quality. Comprehensive green cleaning programs prioritize environmental and health issues as well as the appearance of the residence.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"wp-image-249 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Green-Cleaning-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"454\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 1 – Spray bottles (Source: Flickr fatedsnowfox http://www.flickr.com/photos/fatedsnowfox/4540384687/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p>Some cleaning products can have human health impacts such as burns or respiratory or skin, eye, nose, throat problems on skin contact or through inhalation exposure, while others may contribute to long-term health problems such as cancer or disruption to the endocrine system. Chlorine bleach or ammonia, which are found in many toilet and drain cleaners, can be corrosive. These chemicals can cause immediate health problems upon skin and inhalation exposure as well as damage to the environment when they go down the drain.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> </sup>When harsh chemical use is necessary, use appropriate gloves to avoid or minimize skin exposure. It is also essential to have good air circulation in the room while cleaning and never mix two different types of cleaners, particularly if the products contain chlorine (bleach) and ammonia.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Green cleaning prioritizes non-toxic cleaning products and low-impact cleaning equipment and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Green cleaning is not just about products but also about cleaning procedures such as using the appropriate quantity of the right product for a specific job or reducing the frequency of labor-intensive tasks by using less intensive cleaning and maintenance activities more often. Simple changes such as limiting food consumption to specific areas can reduce cleaning needs and can also be part of an integrated pest management plan, reducing the need for toxic pest management chemicals (see <em>Integrated Pest Management</em>). Green cleaning requires a holistic approach that includes the careful selection and use of products and equipment and a reevaluation of cleaning procedures.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement Green Cleaning</strong></h2>\n<p>Develop a green cleaning program that prioritizes green or natural products and green cleaning practices <em>(</em>see <em>Operator and Occupant Training</em>).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_469\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"878\"]<img class=\"wp-image-469 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-Green-Cleaning-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"878\" height=\"214\" /> Figure 2 – Natural Cleaning Products. (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]<p>The Healthy Children and Family Study, conducted by Rutgers University, found that the use of a mop with a microfiber cloth and the use of vinegar and baking soda as cleaners lowered airborne particulate matter concentration. Vacuuming with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters help remove particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from the air.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP) refers to products or services that have less impact on human health and the environment than competing products or services that serve the same purpose.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Choose environmentally preferable products that are rated green by independent, third-party organizations such as <a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">Greenguard</a>, <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, or <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/learn-about-safer-choice-label\">US EPA’s Safer Choice program</a>. It is also important to check product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).  Custodial equipment, such as vacuums, and green cleaning services can also earn third-party certification through programs like the <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/testing/seal-of-approval-program/vacuums/\">Carpet and Rug Institute Seal of Approval Program</a> and <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/products-services/\">Green Seal</a>.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p><strong> </strong>Green cleaning offers the following benefits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health and safety of residents and cleaning professionals.</li>\n<li>Reduces toxic chemicals in the indoor and outdoor environment and reduce the amount of hazardous waste requiring disposal.</li>\n<li>Improves indoor air quality.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long-term, green cleaning can reduce the total cost of cleaning through reducing or eliminating hazardous cleaning chemicals. Because there are fewer toxic chemicals that employees must work with, liability exposure also is reduced. Similarly, with fewer toxic chemicals to store, track, maintain and dispose of, the cost of complying with regulatory requirements is reduced.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> The University of Georgia’s facilities cleaning program, implemented by the Physical Plant’s building services’ department, earned recognition for a focus on cost-saving and workplace safety. The program covers 9.7 million square feet and includes a Building Services Academy that trains all department employees in green cleaning policies and procedures.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> The University of Georgia’s program documented benefits such as a decrease in employee respiratory complaints associated with cleaning chemicals, a decrease in the number of severe employee injuries from slips/falls, and significant cost savings from transitioning from traditional cleaners to green cleaners.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Although not limited to residential buildings, this example helps illustrate the benefits and cost reductions of green cleaning. Many green cleaning products are cost-competitive with traditional products, and green cleaning programs offer the added benefit of protecting human health and the environment.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green cleaning reduces the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and products that can pose health hazards to the public and damage to natural resources. Reducing the need to store toxic chemicals and products helps reduce the risk, and danger of toxic substances spills or releases into the environment during an extreme event such as flooding or other disasters.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Minimizing the risk of toxic material spills and leaks help protect the public as well as those engaged in clean up and remediation activities, making it easier to recover after an unexpected event.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> American Lung Association. Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals. <a href=\"https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html\">https://www.lung.org/our-initiatives/healthy-air/indoor/indoor-air-pollutants/cleaning-supplies-household-chem.html</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Cleveland Clinic. Household Chemical Products and Their Health Risks. <a href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk\">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11397-household-chemical-products-and-their-health-risk</a> (accessed March 3, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Rutgers University Healthy Children and Family Summary Report.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program\">https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/about-environmentally-preferable-purchasing-program</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Facilities.net. Launching a Green Cleaning Program.  <a href=\"https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382\">https://www.facilitiesnet.com/iaq/article.aspx?id=8382</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> UGA Today. Building excellence: green cleaning program earns two national honors. <a href=\"https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/\">https://news.uga.edu/building-excellence-green-cleaning-program-wins-two-national-honors/</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> American School &amp; University Magazine. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. <a href=\"https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia\">https://www.asumag.com/green-cleaning-award-schools-amp-universities/university-georgia-athens-georgia</a> (accessed March 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Sciencecorps. Chemical Hazards in Flood and Disasters. <a href=\"http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/\">http://www.sciencecorps.org/floods-fuels/</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-homeowner-training/\">Homeowner Training</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners/content/methodology\">EWG’s Guide to Healthy Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/search?Query=green+cleaning\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts/greening-your-purchase-cleaning-products-guide-federal-purchasers\">US EPA Greening Your Purchase of Cleaning Products: A Guide for Federal Purchasers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice\">US EPA Safer Choice</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greenerproducts\">US EPA Sustainable Marketplace: Greener Products and Services</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:13:10','2022-04-21 20:13:10','',2082,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2086',0,'revision','',0),(2087,3,'2022-04-21 20:16:04','2022-04-21 20:16:04','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Integrated Pest Management (IPM)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Integrated Pest Management?</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a practical and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that applies to both interiors and exteriors of buildings. It is a decision-making process with a goal of solving pest problems with the least toxic method.  IPM programs use comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Pesticides can contribute to indoor air quality problems, and other hazards include acute, immediate toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms; chronic or long-term toxicity such as cancer; and potential to contaminate air, or ground and surface water.  Some pests develop a resistance to specific pesticides, and in turn, require stronger chemicals for pest control.  Pesticide labels, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and resources such as<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.pesticideinfo.org/\">Pesticide Action Network Pesticide Database</a><span> </span>provide information on many of these potential hazards for specific pesticides.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>MSDS are documents prepared by a product’s manufacturer to provide information on the safe use and potential hazards of a product.</p>\n<p>In structural pest control (pest control in and around buildings), IPM focuses mainly on eliminating or reducing sources of food, water, and hiding spots that are available to pests, and limiting pest access into and throughout buildings. Control measures such as sanitation and building maintenance are essential aspects of a structural IPM program. Success requires the collaborative efforts of everyone involved in the management and maintenance of a building including service contractors, tenants, occupants, and cleaning staff. Education and cooperation are necessary parts of any IPM program.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_472\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"580\"]<img class=\"wp-image-472 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)\" width=\"580\" height=\"390\" /> Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Integrated Pest Management</strong></h2>\n<p>Each IPM program is designed around individual pest prevention goals and eradication needs, considered in the context of the environment or setting. Although tailored for each setting, most successful IPM programs use the same four-tiered approach that includes 1)<span> </span><strong>Setting action thresholds</strong><span> </span>or defining the level for controlling a pest. 2)<span> </span><strong>Monitoring and identifying</strong><span> </span>pests. This step helps identify if and what pest problems exist and helps reduce the unnecessary use of pesticides. 3)<span> </span><strong>Prevention</strong>, which includes proactive methods to prevent pests from becoming a threat such as repairing structural damage in a building and good garbage management. 4)<span> </span><strong>Control</strong>. If necessary, implement strategic control methods such as mechanical control (trapping), or highly targeted chemicals.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>IPM recommendations developed Rutgers University identifies regular monitoring, repairing structural damage, proper sanitation and a combination of non-chemical/low-impact pesticides as critical components of a typical structural IPM program (see Figure 2).</p>\n<p>Hiring a vendor who uses IPM practices help ensure the safe and effective management of pests in and around the building. It is likely that vendors recommend cleaning up areas and making repairs. Simple changes may include cleaning up break rooms and not overwatering plants. More complex and expensive changes may involve patching holes and crevices, repairing leaks, sealing floor drains and vents, sealing cracks and other access areas for pests, and installing door sweeps.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_261\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"760\"]<img class=\"wp-image-261 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"(Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)\" width=\"760\" height=\"574\" /> (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotes sound structures and healthy plants</li>\n<li>Improves pest control</li>\n<li>Promotes sustainable bio-based pest management alternatives</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental risk associated with pest management by encouraging the adoption of more ecologically benign control tactics</li>\n<li>Reduces or eliminates issues related to pesticide residue</li>\n<li>Decreases occupant exposure to pesticides</li>\n<li>Reduces concern about pests &amp; pesticide-related practices</li>\n<li>Maintains or increases the cost-effectiveness of pest management programs<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></li>\n<li>Prevents the contamination of indoor air, buildings, soil, and water and keeps hazardous chemicals out of the food chain</li>\n<li>Protects people (especially children and other vulnerable populations), animals and beneficial plants and insects from toxic exposures<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>IPM can reduce long-term pest management costs. Often IPM programs cost the same or less than traditional pest management programs. Costs may rise during the transition period as new equipment is acquired or after building upgrades. IPM can reduce costs by eliminating regular pesticide spraying, but those savings may be redirected toward preventive practices, such as training employees, inspecting for pests, and investing in building and landscaping improvements. Over time these budget shifts balance out, and improved maintenance, better sanitation and making repairs help make the building more attractive to everyone except pests.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Minimizing the use of hazardous pesticides reduces the risk of spills and contamination during an emergency event.  Less risk of pesticide exposure or dangerous chemical combinations makes clean up and recovery less dangerous and more efficient. Managing pests through an effective and environmentally sensitive program helps create a healthier indoor environment that can help protect occupant health.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The IPM Institute of North America. <a href=\"http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks\">http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks</a>? (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">Integrated Pest Management Kit for Building Managers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://ipminstitute.org/what-is-integrated-pest-management/\">IPM Institute of North America</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://npic.orst.edu/pest/homeipm.html\">National Pesticide Information Center – Household IPM</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://northeastipm.org/index.cfm\">Northeastern IPM Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.pestmanagement.rutgers.edu/IPM/index.htm\">Rutgers Cooperative Extension Pest Management – IPM Programs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=80&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=fdfbb1a30ba416e3001381ee48764cb7\">Sustainable Jersey – Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">US EPA Integrated Pest Management Principles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pesp\">US EPA Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program (PESP)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Integrated Pest Management','','publish','closed','closed','','integrated-pest-management-ipm','','','2022-04-21 20:17:04','2022-04-21 20:17:04','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2087',0,'post','',0),(2089,3,'2022-04-21 20:16:04','2022-04-21 20:16:04','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Integrated Pest Management (IPM)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Integrated Pest Management?</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a practical and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that applies to both interiors and exteriors of buildings. It is a decision-making process with a goal of solving pest problems with the least toxic method.  IPM programs use comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Pesticides can contribute to indoor air quality problems, and other hazards include acute, immediate toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms; chronic or long-term toxicity such as cancer; and potential to contaminate air, or ground and surface water.  Some pests develop a resistance to specific pesticides, and in turn, require stronger chemicals for pest control.  Pesticide labels, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and resources such as<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.pesticideinfo.org/\">Pesticide Action Network Pesticide Database</a><span> </span>provide information on many of these potential hazards for specific pesticides.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>MSDS are documents prepared by a product’s manufacturer to provide information on the safe use and potential hazards of a product.</p>\n<p>In structural pest control (pest control in and around buildings), IPM focuses mainly on eliminating or reducing sources of food, water, and hiding spots that are available to pests, and limiting pest access into and throughout buildings. Control measures such as sanitation and building maintenance are essential aspects of a structural IPM program. Success requires the collaborative efforts of everyone involved in the management and maintenance of a building including service contractors, tenants, occupants, and cleaning staff. Education and cooperation are necessary parts of any IPM program.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_472\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"580\"]<img class=\"wp-image-472 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)\" width=\"580\" height=\"390\" /> Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Integrated Pest Management</strong></h2>\n<p>Each IPM program is designed around individual pest prevention goals and eradication needs, considered in the context of the environment or setting. Although tailored for each setting, most successful IPM programs use the same four-tiered approach that includes 1)<span> </span><strong>Setting action thresholds</strong><span> </span>or defining the level for controlling a pest. 2)<span> </span><strong>Monitoring and identifying</strong><span> </span>pests. This step helps identify if and what pest problems exist and helps reduce the unnecessary use of pesticides. 3)<span> </span><strong>Prevention</strong>, which includes proactive methods to prevent pests from becoming a threat such as repairing structural damage in a building and good garbage management. 4)<span> </span><strong>Control</strong>. If necessary, implement strategic control methods such as mechanical control (trapping), or highly targeted chemicals.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>IPM recommendations developed Rutgers University identifies regular monitoring, repairing structural damage, proper sanitation and a combination of non-chemical/low-impact pesticides as critical components of a typical structural IPM program (see Figure 2).</p>\n<p>Hiring a vendor who uses IPM practices help ensure the safe and effective management of pests in and around the building. It is likely that vendors recommend cleaning up areas and making repairs. Simple changes may include cleaning up break rooms and not overwatering plants. More complex and expensive changes may involve patching holes and crevices, repairing leaks, sealing floor drains and vents, sealing cracks and other access areas for pests, and installing door sweeps.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_261\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"760\"]<img class=\"wp-image-261 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"(Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)\" width=\"760\" height=\"574\" /> (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotes sound structures and healthy plants</li>\n<li>Improves pest control</li>\n<li>Promotes sustainable bio-based pest management alternatives</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental risk associated with pest management by encouraging the adoption of more ecologically benign control tactics</li>\n<li>Reduces or eliminates issues related to pesticide residue</li>\n<li>Decreases occupant exposure to pesticides</li>\n<li>Reduces concern about pests &amp; pesticide-related practices</li>\n<li>Maintains or increases the cost-effectiveness of pest management programs<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></li>\n<li>Prevents the contamination of indoor air, buildings, soil, and water and keeps hazardous chemicals out of the food chain</li>\n<li>Protects people (especially children and other vulnerable populations), animals and beneficial plants and insects from toxic exposures<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>IPM can reduce long-term pest management costs. Often IPM programs cost the same or less than traditional pest management programs. Costs may rise during the transition period as new equipment is acquired or after building upgrades. IPM can reduce costs by eliminating regular pesticide spraying, but those savings may be redirected toward preventive practices, such as training employees, inspecting for pests, and investing in building and landscaping improvements. Over time these budget shifts balance out, and improved maintenance, better sanitation and making repairs help make the building more attractive to everyone except pests.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Minimizing the use of hazardous pesticides reduces the risk of spills and contamination during an emergency event.  Less risk of pesticide exposure or dangerous chemical combinations makes clean up and recovery less dangerous and more efficient. Managing pests through an effective and environmentally sensitive program helps create a healthier indoor environment that can help protect occupant health.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The IPM Institute of North America. <a href=\"http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks\">http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks</a>? (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">Integrated Pest Management Kit for Building Managers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://ipminstitute.org/what-is-integrated-pest-management/\">IPM Institute of North America</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://npic.orst.edu/pest/homeipm.html\">National Pesticide Information Center – Household IPM</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://northeastipm.org/index.cfm\">Northeastern IPM Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.pestmanagement.rutgers.edu/IPM/index.htm\">Rutgers Cooperative Extension Pest Management – IPM Programs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=80&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=fdfbb1a30ba416e3001381ee48764cb7\">Sustainable Jersey – Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">US EPA Integrated Pest Management Principles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pesp\">US EPA Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program (PESP)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Integrated Pest ManagementIntegrated Pest Management','','inherit','closed','closed','','2087-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:16:04','2022-04-21 20:16:04','',2087,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2089',0,'revision','',0),(2090,3,'2022-04-21 20:16:04','2022-04-21 20:16:04','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Integrated Pest Management (IPM)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Integrated Pest Management?</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a practical and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that applies to both interiors and exteriors of buildings. It is a decision-making process with a goal of solving pest problems with the least toxic method.  IPM programs use comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Pesticides can contribute to indoor air quality problems, and other hazards include acute, immediate toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms; chronic or long-term toxicity such as cancer; and potential to contaminate air, or ground and surface water.  Some pests develop a resistance to specific pesticides, and in turn, require stronger chemicals for pest control.  Pesticide labels, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and resources such as<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.pesticideinfo.org/\">Pesticide Action Network Pesticide Database</a><span> </span>provide information on many of these potential hazards for specific pesticides.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>MSDS are documents prepared by a product’s manufacturer to provide information on the safe use and potential hazards of a product.</p>\n<p>In structural pest control (pest control in and around buildings), IPM focuses mainly on eliminating or reducing sources of food, water, and hiding spots that are available to pests, and limiting pest access into and throughout buildings. Control measures such as sanitation and building maintenance are essential aspects of a structural IPM program. Success requires the collaborative efforts of everyone involved in the management and maintenance of a building including service contractors, tenants, occupants, and cleaning staff. Education and cooperation are necessary parts of any IPM program.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_472\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"580\"]<img class=\"wp-image-472 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)\" width=\"580\" height=\"390\" /> Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Integrated Pest Management</strong></h2>\n<p>Each IPM program is designed around individual pest prevention goals and eradication needs, considered in the context of the environment or setting. Although tailored for each setting, most successful IPM programs use the same four-tiered approach that includes 1)<span> </span><strong>Setting action thresholds</strong><span> </span>or defining the level for controlling a pest. 2)<span> </span><strong>Monitoring and identifying</strong><span> </span>pests. This step helps identify if and what pest problems exist and helps reduce the unnecessary use of pesticides. 3)<span> </span><strong>Prevention</strong>, which includes proactive methods to prevent pests from becoming a threat such as repairing structural damage in a building and good garbage management. 4)<span> </span><strong>Control</strong>. If necessary, implement strategic control methods such as mechanical control (trapping), or highly targeted chemicals.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>IPM recommendations developed Rutgers University identifies regular monitoring, repairing structural damage, proper sanitation and a combination of non-chemical/low-impact pesticides as critical components of a typical structural IPM program (see Figure 2).</p>\n<p>Hiring a vendor who uses IPM practices help ensure the safe and effective management of pests in and around the building. It is likely that vendors recommend cleaning up areas and making repairs. Simple changes may include cleaning up break rooms and not overwatering plants. More complex and expensive changes may involve patching holes and crevices, repairing leaks, sealing floor drains and vents, sealing cracks and other access areas for pests, and installing door sweeps.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_261\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"760\"]<img class=\"wp-image-261 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"(Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)\" width=\"760\" height=\"574\" /> (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotes sound structures and healthy plants</li>\n<li>Improves pest control</li>\n<li>Promotes sustainable bio-based pest management alternatives</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental risk associated with pest management by encouraging the adoption of more ecologically benign control tactics</li>\n<li>Reduces or eliminates issues related to pesticide residue</li>\n<li>Decreases occupant exposure to pesticides</li>\n<li>Reduces concern about pests &amp; pesticide-related practices</li>\n<li>Maintains or increases the cost-effectiveness of pest management programs<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></li>\n<li>Prevents the contamination of indoor air, buildings, soil, and water and keeps hazardous chemicals out of the food chain</li>\n<li>Protects people (especially children and other vulnerable populations), animals and beneficial plants and insects from toxic exposures<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>IPM can reduce long-term pest management costs. Often IPM programs cost the same or less than traditional pest management programs. Costs may rise during the transition period as new equipment is acquired or after building upgrades. IPM can reduce costs by eliminating regular pesticide spraying, but those savings may be redirected toward preventive practices, such as training employees, inspecting for pests, and investing in building and landscaping improvements. Over time these budget shifts balance out, and improved maintenance, better sanitation and making repairs help make the building more attractive to everyone except pests.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Minimizing the use of hazardous pesticides reduces the risk of spills and contamination during an emergency event.  Less risk of pesticide exposure or dangerous chemical combinations makes clean up and recovery less dangerous and more efficient. Managing pests through an effective and environmentally sensitive program helps create a healthier indoor environment that can help protect occupant health.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The IPM Institute of North America. <a href=\"http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks\">http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks</a>? (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">Integrated Pest Management Kit for Building Managers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://ipminstitute.org/what-is-integrated-pest-management/\">IPM Institute of North America</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://npic.orst.edu/pest/homeipm.html\">National Pesticide Information Center – Household IPM</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://northeastipm.org/index.cfm\">Northeastern IPM Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.pestmanagement.rutgers.edu/IPM/index.htm\">Rutgers Cooperative Extension Pest Management – IPM Programs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=80&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=fdfbb1a30ba416e3001381ee48764cb7\">Sustainable Jersey – Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">US EPA Integrated Pest Management Principles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pesp\">US EPA Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program (PESP)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Green Cleaning','','inherit','closed','closed','','2087-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:16:04','2022-04-21 20:16:04','',2087,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2090',0,'revision','',0),(2091,3,'2022-04-21 20:16:08','2022-04-21 20:16:08','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Integrated Pest Management (IPM)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Integrated Pest Management?</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a practical and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that applies to both interiors and exteriors of buildings. It is a decision-making process with a goal of solving pest problems with the least toxic method.  IPM programs use comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Pesticides can contribute to indoor air quality problems, and other hazards include acute, immediate toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms; chronic or long-term toxicity such as cancer; and potential to contaminate air, or ground and surface water.  Some pests develop a resistance to specific pesticides, and in turn, require stronger chemicals for pest control.  Pesticide labels, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and resources such as<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.pesticideinfo.org/\">Pesticide Action Network Pesticide Database</a><span> </span>provide information on many of these potential hazards for specific pesticides.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>MSDS are documents prepared by a product’s manufacturer to provide information on the safe use and potential hazards of a product.</p>\n<p>In structural pest control (pest control in and around buildings), IPM focuses mainly on eliminating or reducing sources of food, water, and hiding spots that are available to pests, and limiting pest access into and throughout buildings. Control measures such as sanitation and building maintenance are essential aspects of a structural IPM program. Success requires the collaborative efforts of everyone involved in the management and maintenance of a building including service contractors, tenants, occupants, and cleaning staff. Education and cooperation are necessary parts of any IPM program.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_472\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"580\"]<img class=\"wp-image-472 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)\" width=\"580\" height=\"390\" /> Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Integrated Pest Management</strong></h2>\n<p>Each IPM program is designed around individual pest prevention goals and eradication needs, considered in the context of the environment or setting. Although tailored for each setting, most successful IPM programs use the same four-tiered approach that includes 1)<span> </span><strong>Setting action thresholds</strong><span> </span>or defining the level for controlling a pest. 2)<span> </span><strong>Monitoring and identifying</strong><span> </span>pests. This step helps identify if and what pest problems exist and helps reduce the unnecessary use of pesticides. 3)<span> </span><strong>Prevention</strong>, which includes proactive methods to prevent pests from becoming a threat such as repairing structural damage in a building and good garbage management. 4)<span> </span><strong>Control</strong>. If necessary, implement strategic control methods such as mechanical control (trapping), or highly targeted chemicals.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>IPM recommendations developed Rutgers University identifies regular monitoring, repairing structural damage, proper sanitation and a combination of non-chemical/low-impact pesticides as critical components of a typical structural IPM program (see Figure 2).</p>\n<p>Hiring a vendor who uses IPM practices help ensure the safe and effective management of pests in and around the building. It is likely that vendors recommend cleaning up areas and making repairs. Simple changes may include cleaning up break rooms and not overwatering plants. More complex and expensive changes may involve patching holes and crevices, repairing leaks, sealing floor drains and vents, sealing cracks and other access areas for pests, and installing door sweeps.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_261\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"760\"]<img class=\"wp-image-261 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"(Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)\" width=\"760\" height=\"574\" /> (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotes sound structures and healthy plants</li>\n<li>Improves pest control</li>\n<li>Promotes sustainable bio-based pest management alternatives</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental risk associated with pest management by encouraging the adoption of more ecologically benign control tactics</li>\n<li>Reduces or eliminates issues related to pesticide residue</li>\n<li>Decreases occupant exposure to pesticides</li>\n<li>Reduces concern about pests &amp; pesticide-related practices</li>\n<li>Maintains or increases the cost-effectiveness of pest management programs<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></li>\n<li>Prevents the contamination of indoor air, buildings, soil, and water and keeps hazardous chemicals out of the food chain</li>\n<li>Protects people (especially children and other vulnerable populations), animals and beneficial plants and insects from toxic exposures<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>IPM can reduce long-term pest management costs. Often IPM programs cost the same or less than traditional pest management programs. Costs may rise during the transition period as new equipment is acquired or after building upgrades. IPM can reduce costs by eliminating regular pesticide spraying, but those savings may be redirected toward preventive practices, such as training employees, inspecting for pests, and investing in building and landscaping improvements. Over time these budget shifts balance out, and improved maintenance, better sanitation and making repairs help make the building more attractive to everyone except pests.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Minimizing the use of hazardous pesticides reduces the risk of spills and contamination during an emergency event.  Less risk of pesticide exposure or dangerous chemical combinations makes clean up and recovery less dangerous and more efficient. Managing pests through an effective and environmentally sensitive program helps create a healthier indoor environment that can help protect occupant health.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The IPM Institute of North America. <a href=\"http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks\">http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks</a>? (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">Integrated Pest Management Kit for Building Managers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://ipminstitute.org/what-is-integrated-pest-management/\">IPM Institute of North America</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://npic.orst.edu/pest/homeipm.html\">National Pesticide Information Center – Household IPM</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://northeastipm.org/index.cfm\">Northeastern IPM Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.pestmanagement.rutgers.edu/IPM/index.htm\">Rutgers Cooperative Extension Pest Management – IPM Programs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=80&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=fdfbb1a30ba416e3001381ee48764cb7\">Sustainable Jersey – Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">US EPA Integrated Pest Management Principles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pesp\">US EPA Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program (PESP)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Integrated Pest ManagementIntegrated Pest Management','','inherit','closed','closed','','2087-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:16:08','2022-04-21 20:16:08','',2087,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2091',0,'revision','',0),(2092,3,'2022-04-22 19:56:19','2022-04-22 19:56:19','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Homeowner Training\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Homeowner Training?      </strong></h2>\n<p>Green homes and residential buildings require an ongoing commitment on the part of individuals (e.g., occupants) and organizations (e.g., maintenance contractors) responsible for regular maintenance and operation of the home to meet intended sustainable performance goals. Homeowner education is the key to achieving long-term goals of cost savings, energy efficiency, resource conservation, and pollution prevention while meeting the comfort, health, and safety requirements of a home or residential building.</p>\n<p>Green homes and residential buildings, in particular, may contain new equipment, technologies, and maintenance activities that might be unfamiliar to residents and maintenance contractors. A formalized program of occupant training is an important step to ensure that the residents acquire the skills and knowledge they need to utilize and optimize a green home’s features and contract green contractors and service providers.</p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.17.3\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_401\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1490\"]<img class=\"wp-image-401 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Occupant-Training-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF). (Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).\" width=\"1490\" height=\"970\" /> Figure 1 – Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF). (Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.17.3\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Homeowner Training</strong></h2>\n<p>Effective homeowner education for high-performance homes:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Provides residents with training and instructions on the green features of their home and how to optimize performance</li>\n<li>Integrates indoor environmental quality, energy efficiency, waste management, and water conservation into standard systems and routine practices</li>\n<li>Utilizes expert knowledge to evaluate and improve on O&amp;M practices</li>\n<li>Highlights green and high-performance features when selecting contractors and services</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Homeowner education provided by building contractors may cover correctly setting and using smart sensors and controls, such as programmable thermostats, smart meters, demand control enabled appliances and other energy-saving features of the home (see <em>Demand Response and Peak Load Management, Smart Metering, Smart Sensors, and Controls</em>). Builders can establish clear links between maintenance activities and cost savings or resource consumption for the homeowner. Residential construction companies can provide informaton about green cleaning practices and environmentally-friendly household products, as well as information on recycling, composting, integrated pest management, and proper disposal of chemicals, paints, or other toxic materials (see <em>Green Cleaning, Integrated Pest Management, Safe, Non-Toxic Materials, Sustainable Materials, Composting, Source Reduction and Recycling</em>).</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_311\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"412\"]<img class=\"wp-image-311 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Occupant-Training-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – Training should establish connections between efficiency and savings (Source: USGBC).\" width=\"412\" height=\"418\" /> Figure 2 – Training should establish connections between efficiency and savings (Source: USGBC).[/caption]<p>Depending on the climate, housing type, and landscaping, a particular focus might be given to highlight significant opportunities to meet performance expectations. For example, landscapers can emphasize water conservation measures and landscaping with native plants when households have lawns or yards (see <em>Turf Grass Reduction</em>). Builders and architects can help occupants identify prevailing winds that blow predominantly from one general direction throughout the year so that they might manage operable windows to take advantage of natural ventilation. In warmer or colder climates, HVAC installers can instruct residents in how to most efficiently operate air conditioning and heating systems, respectively.</p>\n<p>Homeowner training can discuss and demonstrate maintenance needs for different equipment, including techniques and schedules of service work. Builders and equipment contractors can provide residents with copies of maintenance resources such as manuals, checklists, and charts. Finally, contractors can follow up with occupants after they have lived in a home for a period, to answer questions or address concerns about the energy efficiency features of the house, that arise after occupancy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits                                                                     </strong></h2>\n<p>Homeowner education can help achieve sustainable performance targets of the home such as:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Scheduling of preventative service and maintenance that extend the life of equipment and building materials and reduce costs (see <em>Preventative Maintenance</em>)</li>\n<li>Conserving energy and water by optimizing the performance of building systems (see <em>Indoor Water Conservation and Energy Star Appliances and Plug Load</em>)</li>\n<li>Reducing the use of toxics and minimizing solid and hazardous waste generation</li>\n<li>Providing a high-quality indoor environment</li>\n<li>Maintaining landscaping and grounds with minimum use of water and chemicals (see <em>Native and Adapted Plants and Water-Efficient Landscaping</em>)</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Over the long term, training for residents provides the opportunity to reduce costs through extending the life of equipment and materials, optimizing the performance of systems, and conserving resources. The prices associated with homeowner education and training vary but are usually limited to the time of consultants or experts who provide the training and the development of resources such as maintenance manuals to leave with the homeowner.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Green homeowner education contributes to a home’s resiliency by ensuring that a residence performs optimally during both normal operations and emergencies. Educating homeowners on how to prepare for everyday emergencies and disasters helps to avoid or mitigate potential impacts and to support recovery efforts (<em>see Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</em>). Prepared individuals can react quickly and safely to situations, reduce stress on local emergency responders and resources, and support local community outreach.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-demand-response-and-peak-load-management/\">Demand Response and Peak Load Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/\">Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/preventative-maintenance/\">Preventative Maintenance</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/\">Non-Toxic Materials</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-smart-metering/\">Smart Metering</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-storm-preparation-and-emergency-planning/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/download-3.png\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Homeowner Training','','publish','closed','closed','','nr-green-homeowner-training','','','2022-04-26 16:18:08','2022-04-26 16:18:08','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2092',0,'post','',0),(2094,3,'2022-04-21 20:17:04','2022-04-21 20:17:04','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Integrated Pest Management (IPM)\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Integrated Pest Management?</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a practical and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that applies to both interiors and exteriors of buildings. It is a decision-making process with a goal of solving pest problems with the least toxic method.  IPM programs use comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></p>\n<p>Pesticides can contribute to indoor air quality problems, and other hazards include acute, immediate toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms; chronic or long-term toxicity such as cancer; and potential to contaminate air, or ground and surface water.  Some pests develop a resistance to specific pesticides, and in turn, require stronger chemicals for pest control.  Pesticide labels, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and resources such as<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.pesticideinfo.org/\">Pesticide Action Network Pesticide Database</a><span> </span>provide information on many of these potential hazards for specific pesticides.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>MSDS are documents prepared by a product’s manufacturer to provide information on the safe use and potential hazards of a product.</p>\n<p>In structural pest control (pest control in and around buildings), IPM focuses mainly on eliminating or reducing sources of food, water, and hiding spots that are available to pests, and limiting pest access into and throughout buildings. Control measures such as sanitation and building maintenance are essential aspects of a structural IPM program. Success requires the collaborative efforts of everyone involved in the management and maintenance of a building including service contractors, tenants, occupants, and cleaning staff. Education and cooperation are necessary parts of any IPM program.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_472\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"580\"]<img class=\"wp-image-472 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)\" width=\"580\" height=\"390\" /> Figure 1 – A typical household cockroach (Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/3481624912/)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement Integrated Pest Management</strong></h2>\n<p>Each IPM program is designed around individual pest prevention goals and eradication needs, considered in the context of the environment or setting. Although tailored for each setting, most successful IPM programs use the same four-tiered approach that includes 1)<span> </span><strong>Setting action thresholds</strong><span> </span>or defining the level for controlling a pest. 2)<span> </span><strong>Monitoring and identifying</strong><span> </span>pests. This step helps identify if and what pest problems exist and helps reduce the unnecessary use of pesticides. 3)<span> </span><strong>Prevention</strong>, which includes proactive methods to prevent pests from becoming a threat such as repairing structural damage in a building and good garbage management. 4)<span> </span><strong>Control</strong>. If necessary, implement strategic control methods such as mechanical control (trapping), or highly targeted chemicals.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>IPM recommendations developed Rutgers University identifies regular monitoring, repairing structural damage, proper sanitation and a combination of non-chemical/low-impact pesticides as critical components of a typical structural IPM program (see Figure 2).</p>\n<p>Hiring a vendor who uses IPM practices help ensure the safe and effective management of pests in and around the building. It is likely that vendors recommend cleaning up areas and making repairs. Simple changes may include cleaning up break rooms and not overwatering plants. More complex and expensive changes may involve patching holes and crevices, repairing leaks, sealing floor drains and vents, sealing cracks and other access areas for pests, and installing door sweeps.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_261\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"760\"]<img class=\"wp-image-261 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EC-IPM-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"(Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)\" width=\"760\" height=\"574\" /> (Source: Rutgers Center for Green Building and Rutgers NJ Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperative Extension. A Guide to Integrated Pest Management. 2012.)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Integrated Pest Management:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotes sound structures and healthy plants</li>\n<li>Improves pest control</li>\n<li>Promotes sustainable bio-based pest management alternatives</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental risk associated with pest management by encouraging the adoption of more ecologically benign control tactics</li>\n<li>Reduces or eliminates issues related to pesticide residue</li>\n<li>Decreases occupant exposure to pesticides</li>\n<li>Reduces concern about pests &amp; pesticide-related practices</li>\n<li>Maintains or increases the cost-effectiveness of pest management programs<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></li>\n<li>Prevents the contamination of indoor air, buildings, soil, and water and keeps hazardous chemicals out of the food chain</li>\n<li>Protects people (especially children and other vulnerable populations), animals and beneficial plants and insects from toxic exposures<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>IPM can reduce long-term pest management costs. Often IPM programs cost the same or less than traditional pest management programs. Costs may rise during the transition period as new equipment is acquired or after building upgrades. IPM can reduce costs by eliminating regular pesticide spraying, but those savings may be redirected toward preventive practices, such as training employees, inspecting for pests, and investing in building and landscaping improvements. Over time these budget shifts balance out, and improved maintenance, better sanitation and making repairs help make the building more attractive to everyone except pests.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Minimizing the use of hazardous pesticides reduces the risk of spills and contamination during an emergency event.  Less risk of pesticide exposure or dangerous chemical combinations makes clean up and recovery less dangerous and more efficient. Managing pests through an effective and environmentally sensitive program helps create a healthier indoor environment that can help protect occupant health.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The IPM Institute of North America. <a href=\"http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks\">http://www.ipminstitute.org/faq.htm#Whatarepesticiderisks</a>? (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles</a> (accessed December 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/integrated-pest-management-ipm/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Mass.gov. IPM Kit for Building Managers. <a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf</a> (accessed March 26, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-green-cleaning/\">Green Cleaning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-moisture-control/\">Moisture Control</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/08/wk/ipm-kit-for-bldg-mgrs.pdf\">Integrated Pest Management Kit for Building Managers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://ipminstitute.org/what-is-integrated-pest-management/\">IPM Institute of North America</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://npic.orst.edu/pest/homeipm.html\">National Pesticide Information Center – Household IPM</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://northeastipm.org/index.cfm\">Northeastern IPM Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.pestmanagement.rutgers.edu/IPM/index.htm\">Rutgers Cooperative Extension Pest Management – IPM Programs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=80&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=fdfbb1a30ba416e3001381ee48764cb7\">Sustainable Jersey – Integrated Pest Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/integrated-pest-management-ipm-principles\">US EPA Integrated Pest Management Principles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pesp\">US EPA Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program (PESP)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Integrated Pest Management','','inherit','closed','closed','','2087-revision-v1','','','2022-04-21 20:17:04','2022-04-21 20:17:04','',2087,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2094',0,'revision','',0),(2095,2,'2022-04-22 16:51:03','2022-04-22 16:51:03','','EC On-site Alternative Water Reuse','','inherit','closed','closed','','2018-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 16:51:03','2022-04-22 16:51:03','',2018,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2095',0,'revision','',0),(2097,2,'2022-04-22 16:56:03','2022-04-22 16:56:03','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"On-site Alternative Water Reuse\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is On-site Alternative Water Reuse?<br /></strong></h2>\n<p>On-site alternative water reuse intentionally captures, treats, and utilizes stormwater, graywater, and wastewater for reuse at the building site. Stormwater includes precipitation such as rainfall and snowmelt. Graywater (also spelled gray water, greywater and grey water) refers to untreated water from bathroom sinks, laundry, and bathing and does not include water contaminated with toilet waste, food and grease content from kitchen sinks, or dishwasher soap residue.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Graywater is of lesser quality than potable (drinking) water but of higher quality than blackwater, which in New Jersey refers to wastewater from water closets, toilets, and urinals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Potential sources of onsite alternative water include rainwater, treated graywater and blackwater, condensate from air conditioners, reject water from water treatment systems, and cooling equipment blowdown.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Figure 1 shows examples of end-uses for onsite alternative water reuse such as irrigation, cooling tower make-up water, and toilet and urinal flushing.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_291\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"840\"]<img class=\"wp-image-291 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-On-Site-Alternative-Water-Reuse-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Examples of On-site Alternative Water Reuse. (Source: US EPA WaterSense at Work)\" width=\"840\" height=\"644\" /> Figure 1 – Examples of On-site Alternative Water Reuse. (Source: US EPA WaterSense at Work)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Implement On-site Alternative Water Reuse </strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing on-site alternative water reuse starts with water conservation and includes identifying and evaluating opportunities to substitute or supplement potable water use with on-site alternative water sources based on the water quality and treatment requirements of the intended end-uses, and the feasibility of capturing and delivering alternative water sources to those end-uses (see <em>Indoor Water Conservation</em>).</p>\n<p>Harvest and filter rainwater from rooftops to supplement or replace landscape irrigation and toilet and urinal flushing (see <em>Emergency Water Supply and Storage and Site and Stormwater Management</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Rainwater that flows over parking lots and impervious hardscapes and filtered by rain gardens or captured by retention ponds also provides an alternative water source for landscape irrigation.</p>\n<p>Capture graywater from fixtures and appliances by designating separate drain lines, storage units, and pumps to deliver graywater to desired locations. Graywater used for subsurface irrigation of trees, shrubs, and flower gardens requires filtering to remove suspended solids. Indoor uses for graywater such as toilet and urinal flushing, or above-ground irrigation for turf grass or edible gardens often require additional treatment through natural, mechanical or chemical applications.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Treatment systems include engineered systems, tailored to specific projects, and packaged systems designed to fit a wide range of project applications.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>Reuse wastewater from building applications and processes for use in another onsite applications. For example, use condensate from air conditioners for cooling tower make-up water or subsurface irrigation. Use water rejected from water treatment systems for a range of end-uses that do not require potable water such as toilet and urinal flushing, cooling tower make-up water, above-ground irrigation, and decorative water features.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<p>Blackwater treatment systems require a higher level of treatment to bring recycled water to acceptable standards for reuse. Constructed wetlands use a combination of plants, snails, clams, algae, and fish to filter and break down compounds in blackwater. Commercial treatment systems may include sedimentation, membrane filtration or UV sterilization. Composting toilets provide another way to reduce potable water use and reduce the need for wastewater treatment.</p>\n<p>Hire certified professionals familiar with the design, construction, and maintenance of onsite alternative water reuse systems. Review local ordinances, permitting requirements, and plumbing codes.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http://www.iapmo.org/westand/Pages/GreenPlumbingandMechanicalCodeSupplement.aspx\">International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials Green Plumbing &amp; Mechanical Code Supplement</a> provides guidance on implementing onsite alternative water reuse for non-potable end-uses.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http://www.nsf.org/services/by-industry/water-wastewater/onsite-wastewater/onsite-reuse-water-treatment-systems\">NSF International/American National Standards Institute (NSF/ANSI) 350, <em>Onsite Residential and Commercial Reuse Treatment Systems</em></a> establishes design, construction and performance requirements for onsite alternative reuse systems.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://rcgb1.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/JAWRA2007.pdf\">The Solaire, New York City</a></p>\n<p>The Solaire, a LEED Gold certified residential high-rise building in Battery Park completed in 2003 offers examples of onsite alternative water reuse and wastewater treatment technologies applicable to new commercial buildings. Indoor water conservation measures include low-flow fixtures, toilets, and appliances that reduce potable water use by 43%. The building’s onsite wastewater treatment plant utilizes digestion, membrane filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection to processes 30,000 gallons of blackwater each day and reuses it as cooling water for two on-site cooling towers and to flush toilets in both the Solaire and an adjacent building, the Verdesian. The Solaire’s vegetated roof helps manage stormwater and diverts excess stormwater runoff to a 10,000-gallon basement water storage tank that stores the water for later use by the vegetated roofs drip irrigation system.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>On-0site alternative water reuse reduces potable water use and the reliance on surface water, groundwater, and reclaimed water purchased from a third-party.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Harvesting rainwater can reduce stormwater runoff, flooding, and pollution. Graywater and blackwater reuse reduces the strain on municipal water and wastewater treatment plants. Compared to potable water, recycled water used for irrigation often contains higher levels of nutrients, such as nitrogen, that lessens the need for synthetic fertilizers. Onsite alternative water reuse reduces the energy required to transport water or pump water from deep underground sources. Using recycled water for applications that do not require water treated to potable or drinkable water quality standards saves energy and money by reducing treatment requirements.</p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The rising cost over the last decade of water and wastewater services can make minor investments in water conservation strategies and onsite alternative water use technologies cost-effective based on the savings alone from reduced water bills.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> Factoring in savings from reduced energy bills further reduces payback periods. As on-site alternative water technologies evolve, and costs decline, and water shortages and water quality issues become more common, the resiliency benefits of a local and reliable water resource on reduced business closures, health and safety hazards, and inconvenience from schedule disruptions, can offset the incremental costs. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Using on-site alternative water resources enhances resiliency by utilizing safe, reliable, redundant and locally controlled water supplies, by reducing impacts from droughts and other instances of water scarcity, and by protecting sensitive, natural water bodies. Reducing potable water use reduces the reliance and stress on the entire municipal water infrastructure including groundwater pumping, and water and wastewater treatment and distribution, reducing the likelihood of system overload and failure (see <em>Emergency Water Supply and Storage</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Many water pumps run on electricity, and without a source of backup power, fail to operate during power outages highlighting the importance of on-site alternative water sources and treatment options that cover all or part of onsite water use and wastewater treatment needs (see <em>Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</em>). Compostable toilets also increase resiliency by continuing to operate during water shortages and by preventing sewage backups.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Alliance for Water Efficiency. 2018. Graywater Introduction. <a href=\"http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/graywater-introduction.aspx\">http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/graywater-introduction.aspx</a> (accessed Nov 15, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> NJ DEP. Division of Water Quality. <em>Standards for Individual Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems.</em> <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/njac79a.pdf\">www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/njac79a.pdf</a> (accessed October 22, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a> (accessed Nov 14, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a> (accessed Nov 14, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a> (accessed Nov 14, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Alliance for Water Efficiency. 2018. Graywater Introduction. <a href=\"http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/graywater-introduction.aspx\">http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/graywater-introduction.aspx</a> (accessed Nov 15, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> US EPA. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a> (accessed Nov 14, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a> (accessed Nov 14, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> DOE. “Smart Grid Investments Improve Grid Reliability, Resilience, and Storm Responses.” <a href=\"https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf\">https://www.smartgrid.gov/files/B2-Master-File-with-edits_120114.pdf</a> (accessed May 1, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Emergency Water Supply and Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-site-and-stormwater-management/\">Site and Stormwater Management</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/default.aspx\">Alliance for Water Efficiency</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://new.usgbc.org/center-for-resilience\">The Center for Resilience</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dwq/\">New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection – Division of Water Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.resilientdesign.org\">Resilient Design Institute</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://water.rutgers.edu/\">Rutgers University NJ Agricultural Experiment Station – Water Resources Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://watereuse.org\">WaterReuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">Whole Building Design Guide – Water Conservation</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>US EPA</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/commercial-buildings\">WaterSense for Commercial Buildings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-conservation-epa\">Water Conservation at EPA</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/region9/water/recycling/#benefits\">Water Recycling</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC On-site Alternative Water Reuse','','inherit','closed','closed','','2018-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 16:56:03','2022-04-22 16:56:03','',2018,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2097',0,'revision','',0),(2098,2,'2022-04-22 17:00:32','2022-04-22 17:00:32','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Water Heaters\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Water Heaters?</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters provide an energy-efficient method of supplying domestic hot water in commercial buildings. Figure 1 shows several different types of water heaters, including storage, tankless, heat pump, solar, and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_42\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1196\"]<img class=\"wp-image-42 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-High-Efficiency-Water-Heaters-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)\" width=\"1196\" height=\"660\" /> Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)[/caption]<p>Conventional, storage water heaters hold hot water in a tank, while tankless water heaters only heat the water upon demand. Heat pump water heaters use electricity to transport heat from one source to another (e.g., air-source heat pumps, geothermal heat pumps) instead of providing heat for hot water directly (<em>see Geothermal Heat Pumps</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Solar water heaters utilize the sun’s heat and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters use a building’s heating system to provide domestic hot water (<em>see Solar Thermal Systems</em>).</p>\n<p>Recirculation pump systems are another energy-efficient water heating technology often used in commercial buildings. These systems use small pumps combined with a looped system of hot water piping to constantly recirculate hot water from a conventional tank to points of common usage such as faucets and save energy by heating water only on when needed.</p>\n<p>Typical energy sources for high-efficiency water heaters include natural gas, propane, electricity, and solar. The availability and cost of any of these sources or combinations of these sources can dictate equipment and system selection along with other selection criteria including the building’s hot water requirements such as usage times, amount of water use, temperature range, and flow rates.</p>\n<h2>How to Incorporate a High-Efficiency Water Heater</h2>\n<p>Selecting a high-efficiency water heater is part of a whole building water conservation strategy to reduce indoor water consumption by specifying water-efficient fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes (see Indoor Water Conservation). Work with experienced and knowledgeable commercial water heater professionals to navigate the marketplace of available high-efficiency water heaters to find the best water heater model or system to supply hot water reliably, while saving energy and costs.</p>\n<p>For example, natural gas tankless water heaters can be installed at a central location in the building or at a specific point of use, such as a bathroom or laundry room to supply hot water needs for that specific location. A large gas-fired unit installed at a central location supplies all the hot water needs for a small commercial facility. In contrast, installing several small, redundant water heaters offers flexibility in meeting varying levels of hot water demand (see Part-Load Efficiency).</p>\n<p>Check the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">New Jersey Office of Clean Energy</a> for available incentives and consult the list of Energy Star qualifying products, available at the <a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org/\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)</a> or <a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI</a>) online databases.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters use less energy than a standard water heater, primarily by taking less time to heat water, which in turn translates to fewer carbon emissions and lower utility bills.</p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters have higher upfront costs than standard water heaters but provide long-term cost savings through reduced energy costs. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) purchasing guidelines for high-efficiency water heaters recommends purchasing an ENERGY STAR Certified commercial gas water heater if it is priced no more than $284 above the less efficient model.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Figure 2 compares three types of water heaters at varying levels of efficiency and calculates the lifetime cost savings associated with each model type.</p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters contribute to resiliency by decreasing energy consumption, including peak loads, which decreases reliance and stress on fuel sources and energy infrastructure.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US DOE. 2018. Heat Pump Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc\">https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc</a> (accessed January 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US DOE Federal Energy Management Program. 2018. Purchasing Energy-Efficient Commercial Gas Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters\">https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters</a> (accessed January 25, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-part-load-efficiency/\">Part-Load Efficiency</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC High-Efficiency Water Heaters','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters','','','2022-04-22 17:00:35','2022-04-22 17:00:35','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2098',0,'post','',0),(2099,2,'2022-04-22 16:56:42','2022-04-22 16:56:42','','High-Efficiency Water Heaters','','inherit','closed','closed','','2098-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 16:56:42','2022-04-22 16:56:42','',2098,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2099',0,'revision','',0),(2101,2,'2022-04-22 17:00:32','2022-04-22 17:00:32','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Water Heaters\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Water Heaters?</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters provide an energy-efficient method of supplying domestic hot water in commercial buildings. Figure 1 shows several different types of water heaters, including storage, tankless, heat pump, solar, and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_42\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1196\"]<img class=\"wp-image-42 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-High-Efficiency-Water-Heaters-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)\" width=\"1196\" height=\"660\" /> Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)[/caption]<p>Conventional, storage water heaters hold hot water in a tank, while tankless water heaters only heat the water upon demand. Heat pump water heaters use electricity to transport heat from one source to another (e.g., air-source heat pumps, geothermal heat pumps) instead of providing heat for hot water directly (<em>see Geothermal Heat Pumps</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Solar water heaters utilize the sun’s heat and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters use a building’s heating system to provide domestic hot water (<em>see Solar Thermal Systems</em>).</p>\n<p>Recirculation pump systems are another energy-efficient water heating technology often used in commercial buildings. These systems use small pumps combined with a looped system of hot water piping to constantly recirculate hot water from a conventional tank to points of common usage such as faucets and save energy by heating water only on when needed.</p>\n<p>Typical energy sources for high-efficiency water heaters include natural gas, propane, electricity, and solar. The availability and cost of any of these sources or combinations of these sources can dictate equipment and system selection along with other selection criteria including the building’s hot water requirements such as usage times, amount of water use, temperature range, and flow rates.</p>\n<h2>How to Incorporate a High-Efficiency Water Heater</h2>\n<p>Selecting a high-efficiency water heater is part of a whole building water conservation strategy to reduce indoor water consumption by specifying water-efficient fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes (see Indoor Water Conservation). Work with experienced and knowledgeable commercial water heater professionals to navigate the marketplace of available high-efficiency water heaters to find the best water heater model or system to supply hot water reliably, while saving energy and costs.</p>\n<p>For example, natural gas tankless water heaters can be installed at a central location in the building or at a specific point of use, such as a bathroom or laundry room to supply hot water needs for that specific location. A large gas-fired unit installed at a central location supplies all the hot water needs for a small commercial facility. In contrast, installing several small, redundant water heaters offers flexibility in meeting varying levels of hot water demand (see Part-Load Efficiency).</p>\n<p>Check the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">New Jersey Office of Clean Energy</a> for available incentives and consult the list of Energy Star qualifying products, available at the <a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org/\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)</a> or <a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI</a>) online databases.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters use less energy than a standard water heater, primarily by taking less time to heat water, which in turn translates to fewer carbon emissions and lower utility bills.</p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters have higher upfront costs than standard water heaters but provide long-term cost savings through reduced energy costs. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) purchasing guidelines for high-efficiency water heaters recommends purchasing an ENERGY STAR Certified commercial gas water heater if it is priced no more than $284 above the less efficient model.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Figure 2 compares three types of water heaters at varying levels of efficiency and calculates the lifetime cost savings associated with each model type.</p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters contribute to resiliency by decreasing energy consumption, including peak loads, which decreases reliance and stress on fuel sources and energy infrastructure.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US DOE. 2018. Heat Pump Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc\">https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc</a> (accessed January 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US DOE Federal Energy Management Program. 2018. Purchasing Energy-Efficient Commercial Gas Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters\">https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters</a> (accessed January 25, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-part-load-efficiency/\">Part-Load Efficiency</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC High-Efficiency Water Heaters','','inherit','closed','closed','','2098-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:00:32','2022-04-22 17:00:32','',2098,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2101',0,'revision','',0),(2102,2,'2022-04-22 17:00:32','2022-04-22 17:00:32','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Water Heaters\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Water Heaters?</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters provide an energy-efficient method of supplying domestic hot water in commercial buildings. Figure 1 shows several different types of water heaters, including storage, tankless, heat pump, solar, and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_42\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1196\"]<img class=\"wp-image-42 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-High-Efficiency-Water-Heaters-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)\" width=\"1196\" height=\"660\" /> Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)[/caption]<p>Conventional, storage water heaters hold hot water in a tank, while tankless water heaters only heat the water upon demand. Heat pump water heaters use electricity to transport heat from one source to another (e.g., air-source heat pumps, geothermal heat pumps) instead of providing heat for hot water directly (<em>see Geothermal Heat Pumps</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Solar water heaters utilize the sun’s heat and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters use a building’s heating system to provide domestic hot water (<em>see Solar Thermal Systems</em>).</p>\n<p>Recirculation pump systems are another energy-efficient water heating technology often used in commercial buildings. These systems use small pumps combined with a looped system of hot water piping to constantly recirculate hot water from a conventional tank to points of common usage such as faucets and save energy by heating water only on when needed.</p>\n<p>Typical energy sources for high-efficiency water heaters include natural gas, propane, electricity, and solar. The availability and cost of any of these sources or combinations of these sources can dictate equipment and system selection along with other selection criteria including the building’s hot water requirements such as usage times, amount of water use, temperature range, and flow rates.</p>\n<h2>How to Incorporate a High-Efficiency Water Heater</h2>\n<p>Selecting a high-efficiency water heater is part of a whole building water conservation strategy to reduce indoor water consumption by specifying water-efficient fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes (see Indoor Water Conservation). Work with experienced and knowledgeable commercial water heater professionals to navigate the marketplace of available high-efficiency water heaters to find the best water heater model or system to supply hot water reliably, while saving energy and costs.</p>\n<p>For example, natural gas tankless water heaters can be installed at a central location in the building or at a specific point of use, such as a bathroom or laundry room to supply hot water needs for that specific location. A large gas-fired unit installed at a central location supplies all the hot water needs for a small commercial facility. In contrast, installing several small, redundant water heaters offers flexibility in meeting varying levels of hot water demand (see Part-Load Efficiency).</p>\n<p>Check the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">New Jersey Office of Clean Energy</a> for available incentives and consult the list of Energy Star qualifying products, available at the <a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org/\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)</a> or <a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI</a>) online databases.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters use less energy than a standard water heater, primarily by taking less time to heat water, which in turn translates to fewer carbon emissions and lower utility bills.</p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters have higher upfront costs than standard water heaters but provide long-term cost savings through reduced energy costs. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) purchasing guidelines for high-efficiency water heaters recommends purchasing an ENERGY STAR Certified commercial gas water heater if it is priced no more than $284 above the less efficient model.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Figure 2 compares three types of water heaters at varying levels of efficiency and calculates the lifetime cost savings associated with each model type.</p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters contribute to resiliency by decreasing energy consumption, including peak loads, which decreases reliance and stress on fuel sources and energy infrastructure.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US DOE. 2018. Heat Pump Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc\">https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc</a> (accessed January 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US DOE Federal Energy Management Program. 2018. Purchasing Energy-Efficient Commercial Gas Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters\">https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters</a> (accessed January 25, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-part-load-efficiency/\">Part-Load Efficiency</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','High-Efficiency Water Heaters','','inherit','closed','closed','','2098-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:00:32','2022-04-22 17:00:32','',2098,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2102',0,'revision','',0),(2103,2,'2022-04-22 17:00:35','2022-04-22 17:00:35','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"High-Efficiency Water Heaters\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What are High-Efficiency Water Heaters?</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters provide an energy-efficient method of supplying domestic hot water in commercial buildings. Figure 1 shows several different types of water heaters, including storage, tankless, heat pump, solar, and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_42\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1196\"]<img class=\"wp-image-42 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-High-Efficiency-Water-Heaters-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)\" width=\"1196\" height=\"660\" /> Figure 1. Types of water heaters. (Source: US DOE Energy Saver 101: Water Heaters)[/caption]<p>Conventional, storage water heaters hold hot water in a tank, while tankless water heaters only heat the water upon demand. Heat pump water heaters use electricity to transport heat from one source to another (e.g., air-source heat pumps, geothermal heat pumps) instead of providing heat for hot water directly (<em>see Geothermal Heat Pumps</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Solar water heaters utilize the sun’s heat and tankless coil, and indirect water heaters use a building’s heating system to provide domestic hot water (<em>see Solar Thermal Systems</em>).</p>\n<p>Recirculation pump systems are another energy-efficient water heating technology often used in commercial buildings. These systems use small pumps combined with a looped system of hot water piping to constantly recirculate hot water from a conventional tank to points of common usage such as faucets and save energy by heating water only on when needed.</p>\n<p>Typical energy sources for high-efficiency water heaters include natural gas, propane, electricity, and solar. The availability and cost of any of these sources or combinations of these sources can dictate equipment and system selection along with other selection criteria including the building’s hot water requirements such as usage times, amount of water use, temperature range, and flow rates.</p>\n<h2>How to Incorporate a High-Efficiency Water Heater</h2>\n<p>Selecting a high-efficiency water heater is part of a whole building water conservation strategy to reduce indoor water consumption by specifying water-efficient fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes (see Indoor Water Conservation). Work with experienced and knowledgeable commercial water heater professionals to navigate the marketplace of available high-efficiency water heaters to find the best water heater model or system to supply hot water reliably, while saving energy and costs.</p>\n<p>For example, natural gas tankless water heaters can be installed at a central location in the building or at a specific point of use, such as a bathroom or laundry room to supply hot water needs for that specific location. A large gas-fired unit installed at a central location supplies all the hot water needs for a small commercial facility. In contrast, installing several small, redundant water heaters offers flexibility in meeting varying levels of hot water demand (see Part-Load Efficiency).</p>\n<p>Check the <a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/\">New Jersey Office of Clean Energy</a> for available incentives and consult the list of Energy Star qualifying products, available at the <a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org/\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)</a> or <a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI</a>) online databases.</p>\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters use less energy than a standard water heater, primarily by taking less time to heat water, which in turn translates to fewer carbon emissions and lower utility bills.</p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters have higher upfront costs than standard water heaters but provide long-term cost savings through reduced energy costs. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) purchasing guidelines for high-efficiency water heaters recommends purchasing an ENERGY STAR Certified commercial gas water heater if it is priced no more than $284 above the less efficient model.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Figure 2 compares three types of water heaters at varying levels of efficiency and calculates the lifetime cost savings associated with each model type.</p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>High-efficiency water heaters contribute to resiliency by decreasing energy consumption, including peak loads, which decreases reliance and stress on fuel sources and energy infrastructure.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US DOE. 2018. Heat Pump Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc\">https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41#bdc</a> (accessed January 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US DOE Federal Energy Management Program. 2018. Purchasing Energy-Efficient Commercial Gas Water Heaters. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters\">https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/purchasing-energy-efficient-commercial-gas-water-heaters</a> (accessed January 25, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-Site Renewable Energy Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-part-load-efficiency/\">Part-Load Efficiency</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://nextgen.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f\">Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Online Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ceedirectory.org\">Consortium for Energy Efficiency Directory of Efficient Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/home/home\">NJ’s Clean Energy Program</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC High-Efficiency Water Heaters','','inherit','closed','closed','','2098-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:00:35','2022-04-22 17:00:35','',2098,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2103',0,'revision','',0),(2105,2,'2022-04-22 17:06:48','2022-04-22 17:06:48','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Indoor Water Conservation\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Indoor Water Conservation?</h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation refers to building operations, occupant behaviors and water-efficient fixtures and appliances that help to reduce overall water consumption in a building. The commercial and industrial building sector uses large quantities of water, with office buildings representing 9% of water use.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Figure 1 shows that the three most significant areas for potential water savings in office buildings are restrooms, cooling and heating, and landscape irrigation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_76\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"800\"]<img class=\"wp-image-76 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Indoor-Water-Conservation-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- End used of water in Commercial Office Buildings. (Source: US EPA WaterSense).\" width=\"800\" height=\"472\" /> Figure 1- End used of water in Commercial Office Buildings. (Source: US EPA WaterSense).[/caption]<p>New Jersey receives ample average rainfall of 45 inches per year, and the state’s geology supports the storage of large quantities of groundwater and surface water reservoirs. However, ongoing conservation efforts and water-efficient equipment upgrades can reduce the risk of water shortages and reduce costs associated with increasing population growth, aging water infrastructure, and climate change impacts such as droughts.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<p>Indoor water conservation generally addresses water use reductions in four areas:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reducing water losses associated with leaks.</li>\n<li>Increasing the water efficiency of fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes.</li>\n<li>Educating staff and occupants about water conservation to encourage water-saving behaviors.</li>\n<li>Reusing onsite wastewater for irrigation and non-potable uses.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>How to Implement Indoor Water Conservation</h2>\n<p>Implementing indoor water conservation depends on the functions of the building but typically includes:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Installing water meters and sub-meters and leak detection sensors to track water usage, find and fix leaks and equipment failures, and identify opportunities for water savings (see <em>Smart Meters, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).</li>\n<li>Specifying low-flow, <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/watersense-products\">WaterSense</a> certified fixtures such as toilets, showers, faucets, and aerators, and energy-efficient, <a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products?s=mega\">EnergyStar</a> certified appliances, such as dishwashers and clothes washers, that also conserve water (see <em>Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</em>).</li>\n<li>Properly maintaining HVAC systems to minimize water used for cooling equipment, eliminating single-pass cooling, and optimizing boiler and steam systems by reusing excess steam.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></li>\n<li>Minimizing irrigation or recovering wastewater for irrigation and uses that do not require potable water such as toilet and urinal flushing, and cooling tower make-up water (see <em>Water Efficient Landscaping, Rain Barrels and Cisterns, On-Site Alternative Water Reuse</em>).</li>\n<li>Educating staff and occupants on water conservation efforts and procedures to ensure the proper use of water-saving equipment (e.g., instructions for dual flush toilets) and to help identify water saving opportunities (e.g., hotlines for leak reporting).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Example</h3>\n<p>US EPA WaterSense for Commercial Buildings – Case Studies</p>\n<p>The US EPA WaterSense program provides case studies from across the country and within the commercial and industrial sector that document water efficiency efforts and best practices outlined in <em><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities</a></em> including detailed descriptions of the project and associated water, energy and cost savings.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation reduces the strain on natural water resources and ensures future water supplies.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Water saving fixtures and appliances save money on water and energy bills without sacrificing performance, the latter savings due to the significant amount of energy often used to heat water.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> For example, WaterSense certified fixtures and appliances save 20% more water than standard products.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> EnergyStar certified commercial dishwashers use 40% less water and energy than standard models.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Indoor water conservation can also reduce the costs and the amount of energy required to treat, pump, and transport water and wastewater.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The rising cost over the last decade of water and wastewater services can make minor investments in water conservation strategies and technologies cost-effective based on the savings alone from reduced water bills.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Factoring in savings from reduced energy bills further reduces payback periods.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation enhances resiliency by reducing impacts from droughts and other instances of water scarcity. Water use reductions also decrease the reliance and stress on the entire municipal water infrastructure including groundwater pumping, and water and wastewater treatment and distribution, reducing the likelihood of system overload and failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2018. Types of Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. Saving Water in Office Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-offices.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-offices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 2017, New Jersey Water Supply Plan 2017-2022: 484p, <a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/watersupply/wsp.html\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/watersupply/wsp.html</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a>   (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2018. Types of Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. 2017. Water Management and Best Practices at EPA. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-management-plans-and-best-practices-epa\">https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-management-plans-and-best-practices-epa</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience. 2018. The Case for Water Conservation in New Jersey. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-general-ci.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-general-ci.pdf</a>  (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2017. Statistics and Facts: WaterSense and Water Savings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/statistics-and-facts\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/statistics-and-facts</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US DOE EnergyStar. 2018. Dishwashers. <a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/dishwashers\">https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/dishwashers</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience. 2018. The Case for Water Conservation in New Jersey. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> Ibid.</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-star-equipment-and-plug-loads/\">EnergyStar Equipment and Plugload</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/\">On-Site Alternative Water Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-site-and-stormwater-management/\">Site and Stormwater Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/opsc/docs/guide_indoor_water_conservation.pdf\">NJ DEP Creating Sustainable Communities – Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njwatersavers.rutgers.edu\">NJ WaterSavers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/commercial-buildings\">US EPA WaterSense for Commercial Buildings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-conservation-epa\">US EPA – Water Conservation at EPA</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG) – Water Conservation</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Indoor Water Conservation','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-indoor-water-conservation','','','2022-04-22 17:06:51','2022-04-22 17:06:51','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2105',0,'post','',0),(2106,2,'2022-04-22 17:04:55','2022-04-22 17:04:55','','EC Indoor Water Conservation','','inherit','closed','closed','','2105-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:04:55','2022-04-22 17:04:55','',2105,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2106',0,'revision','',0),(2108,2,'2022-04-22 17:06:48','2022-04-22 17:06:48','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Indoor Water Conservation\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Indoor Water Conservation?</h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation refers to building operations, occupant behaviors and water-efficient fixtures and appliances that help to reduce overall water consumption in a building. The commercial and industrial building sector uses large quantities of water, with office buildings representing 9% of water use.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Figure 1 shows that the three most significant areas for potential water savings in office buildings are restrooms, cooling and heating, and landscape irrigation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_76\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"800\"]<img class=\"wp-image-76 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Indoor-Water-Conservation-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- End used of water in Commercial Office Buildings. (Source: US EPA WaterSense).\" width=\"800\" height=\"472\" /> Figure 1- End used of water in Commercial Office Buildings. (Source: US EPA WaterSense).[/caption]<p>New Jersey receives ample average rainfall of 45 inches per year, and the state’s geology supports the storage of large quantities of groundwater and surface water reservoirs. However, ongoing conservation efforts and water-efficient equipment upgrades can reduce the risk of water shortages and reduce costs associated with increasing population growth, aging water infrastructure, and climate change impacts such as droughts.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<p>Indoor water conservation generally addresses water use reductions in four areas:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reducing water losses associated with leaks.</li>\n<li>Increasing the water efficiency of fixtures, equipment, systems, and processes.</li>\n<li>Educating staff and occupants about water conservation to encourage water-saving behaviors.</li>\n<li>Reusing onsite wastewater for irrigation and non-potable uses.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>How to Implement Indoor Water Conservation</h2>\n<p>Implementing indoor water conservation depends on the functions of the building but typically includes:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Installing water meters and sub-meters and leak detection sensors to track water usage, find and fix leaks and equipment failures, and identify opportunities for water savings (see <em>Smart Meters, and Smart Sensors and Controls</em>).</li>\n<li>Specifying low-flow, <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/watersense-products\">WaterSense</a> certified fixtures such as toilets, showers, faucets, and aerators, and energy-efficient, <a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products?s=mega\">EnergyStar</a> certified appliances, such as dishwashers and clothes washers, that also conserve water (see <em>Energy Star Equipment and Plug Load</em>).</li>\n<li>Properly maintaining HVAC systems to minimize water used for cooling equipment, eliminating single-pass cooling, and optimizing boiler and steam systems by reusing excess steam.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></li>\n<li>Minimizing irrigation or recovering wastewater for irrigation and uses that do not require potable water such as toilet and urinal flushing, and cooling tower make-up water (see <em>Water Efficient Landscaping, Rain Barrels and Cisterns, On-Site Alternative Water Reuse</em>).</li>\n<li>Educating staff and occupants on water conservation efforts and procedures to ensure the proper use of water-saving equipment (e.g., instructions for dual flush toilets) and to help identify water saving opportunities (e.g., hotlines for leak reporting).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Example</h3>\n<p>US EPA WaterSense for Commercial Buildings – Case Studies</p>\n<p>The US EPA WaterSense program provides case studies from across the country and within the commercial and industrial sector that document water efficiency efforts and best practices outlined in <em><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities</a></em> including detailed descriptions of the project and associated water, energy and cost savings.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation reduces the strain on natural water resources and ensures future water supplies.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Water saving fixtures and appliances save money on water and energy bills without sacrificing performance, the latter savings due to the significant amount of energy often used to heat water.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> For example, WaterSense certified fixtures and appliances save 20% more water than standard products.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> EnergyStar certified commercial dishwashers use 40% less water and energy than standard models.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Indoor water conservation can also reduce the costs and the amount of energy required to treat, pump, and transport water and wastewater.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The rising cost over the last decade of water and wastewater services can make minor investments in water conservation strategies and technologies cost-effective based on the savings alone from reduced water bills.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Factoring in savings from reduced energy bills further reduces payback periods.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor water conservation enhances resiliency by reducing impacts from droughts and other instances of water scarcity. Water use reductions also decrease the reliance and stress on the entire municipal water infrastructure including groundwater pumping, and water and wastewater treatment and distribution, reducing the likelihood of system overload and failure.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2018. Types of Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. Saving Water in Office Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-offices.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-offices.pdf</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 2017, New Jersey Water Supply Plan 2017-2022: 484p, <a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/watersupply/wsp.html\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/watersupply/wsp.html</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-02/documents/watersense-at-work_final_508c3.pdf</a>   (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2018. Types of Facilities. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/types-facilities</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. 2017. Water Management and Best Practices at EPA. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-management-plans-and-best-practices-epa\">https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-management-plans-and-best-practices-epa</a> (accessed Oct 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience. 2018. The Case for Water Conservation in New Jersey. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2012. Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-general-ci.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-commercial-factsheet-general-ci.pdf</a>  (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> US EPA WaterSense. 2017. Statistics and Facts: WaterSense and Water Savings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/statistics-and-facts\">https://www.epa.gov/watersense/statistics-and-facts</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US DOE EnergyStar. 2018. Dishwashers. <a href=\"https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/dishwashers\">https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/dishwashers</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience. 2018. The Case for Water Conservation in New Jersey. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Joseph Bourg. 2016. Water Conservation. Whole Building Design Guide – A Program of the National Institute of Building Science. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation</a> (accessed Oct 26, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> Ibid.</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-star-equipment-and-plug-loads/\">EnergyStar Equipment and Plugload</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/\">On-Site Alternative Water Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-site-and-stormwater-management/\">Site and Stormwater Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-metering/\">Smart Meters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-smart-sensors-and-controls/\">Smart Sensors and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/conserve.htm\">NJ DEP Division of Water Supply and Geoscience</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/opsc/docs/guide_indoor_water_conservation.pdf\">NJ DEP Creating Sustainable Communities – Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njwatersavers.rutgers.edu\">NJ WaterSavers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/watersense/commercial-buildings\">US EPA WaterSense for Commercial Buildings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/water-conservation-epa\">US EPA – Water Conservation at EPA</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/water-conservation\">Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG) – Water Conservation</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Indoor Water Conservation','','inherit','closed','closed','','2105-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:06:48','2022-04-22 17:06:48','',2105,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2108',0,'revision','',0),(2111,2,'2022-04-22 17:07:53','2022-04-22 17:07:53','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Existing Commercial Buildings\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>The Manual supports the greening of existing commercial buildings, which continue to represent untapped potential in common green building areas such as energy efficiency, environmental performance, indoor air quality, and occupant comfort.</p>\n<p>The Manual organizes existing commercial building upgrade strategies by focus areas such as “energy &amp; resilience” or “environment &amp; health.” Each strategy includes a short explanation or definition, implementation recommendations, New Jersey specific examples (when available), and sections on strategy benefits, costs, resiliency (if applicable), and additional resources.</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb title=\"Planning & Site Design\" use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf568;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"][/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Operational Tools\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xe035;||divi||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-life-cycle-assessment-lca/\">Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-life-cycle-costs-analysis-lcca/\">Life-Cycle-Cost Analysis (LCCA)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-re-commissioning/\">Re-Commissioning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Sustainable Sites\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1bb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-site-and-stormwater-management/\">Site and Stormwater Management</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"3.25\" custom_padding=\"|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf5ba;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"]<h2>Energy <br />&amp; Resilience</h2>[/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Envelope\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf17a;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-air-infiltration/\">Air Infiltration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-exterior-walls/\">Exterior Wall Systems</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-glare-and-heat-gain-reduction/\">Glare and Heat Gain Reduction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-roof-replacements-and-upgrades/\">Roof Replacement and Upgrades</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-windows-and-skylights/\">Windows and Skylights</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Lighting\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf0eb;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-lighting-and-networked-lighting-controls/\">High-Efficiency Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-light-pollution-reduction/\">Light Pollution Reduction</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"HVAC\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf3fd;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-chilled-beams/\">Chilled Beams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-demand-control-ventilation/\">Demand Control Ventilation (DCV)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-properly-sized-high-performance-hvac-equipment-and-controls/\">High-Performance HVAC Equipment and Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-variable-frequency-drives/\">Variable Frequency Drives (VFD)</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Energy Supply\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf0e7;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-combined-heat-and-power-chp/\">Combined Heat and Power (CHP)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-green-power/\">Green Power</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-thermal-energy-storage/\">Thermal Energy Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-renewable-energy-systems/\">On-site Renewable Energy and Geothermal Systems</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Back-up Systems\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf242;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Back-up Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Emergency Water Supply and Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_blurb title=\"Environment & Health\" use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf21e;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"][/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Water\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf043;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-on-site-alternative-water-reuse/\">On-site Alternative Water Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-high-efficiency-water-heaters/\">High-Efficiency Water Heaters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-indoor-water-conservation/\">Indoor Water Conservation</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Waste & Materials\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1bb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Indoor Air Quality\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf863;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Occupant Health and Productivity\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf406;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"3.25\" custom_padding=\"|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_blurb use_icon=\"on\" font_icon=\"&#xf201;||fa||900\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" image_icon_background_color=\"#ffffff\" image_icon_width=\"48px\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" header_level=\"h2\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" image_icon_custom_padding=\"25px|25px|25px|25px|false|false\" text_orientation=\"center\" border_radii_image=\"on|100%|100%|100%|100%\" border_color_all_image=\"#f7f7f7\" use_circle=\"on\" use_circle_border=\"on\" circle_border_color=\"#f7f7f7\" circle_color=\"#ffffff\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" image_icon_background_color__sticky_enabled=\"#7EBEC5\" image_icon_background_color__sticky=\"#7EBEC5\"]<h2>Building<br />Performance</h2>[/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=\"Operations & Maintenance\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf274;||fa||400\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Evaluation\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf080;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=\"Smart Infrastructure\" icon_color=\"#75C044\" toggle_icon=\"&#xf1eb;||fa||900\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"||0px||false|false\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.</p>[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.03)\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Case Studies</h2>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"30%\" module_alignment=\"center\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_divider][et_pb_portfolio fullwidth=\"off\" include_categories=\"4\" show_categories=\"off\" show_pagination=\"off\" hover_overlay_color=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][/et_pb_portfolio][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','Existing Commercial','','inherit','closed','closed','','1013-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:07:53','2022-04-22 17:07:53','',1013,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2111',0,'revision','',0),(2112,2,'2022-04-22 17:36:24','2022-04-22 17:36:24','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is Construction and Demolition (C&amp;D) Waste?</strong></h2>\n<p>Construction and demolition (C&amp;D) waste consists of the debris generated during the construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings. C&amp;D waste often contains bulky, heavy materials, such as concrete, wood, metals, glass, and salvaged building components.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Demolition accounts for more than 90% of C&amp;D waste and construction represent less than 10%<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a>; therefore, the concept of deconstruction is also essential to consider. Deconstruction is the practice of disassembling a building to salvage materials (joists, flooring, siding, fixtures) reused for new construction.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Carefully dismantling a structure with the intent of reusing materials extends the useful life of the material and requires less energy and raw materials and produces less pollution than discarding or even recycling materials.</p>\n<p>The disposal of C&amp;D waste contributes to environmental concerns including wasted materials and embodied energy, greenhouse gas generation, and other environmental impacts associated with producing new materials instead of using existing materials. Also, the number of C&amp;D landfills is declining, which means fewer disposal options, greater hauling distances, and increased fuel consumption and vehicle emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Many C&amp;D waste materials can be reused on-site or elsewhere, or recycled (see <em>Sustainable Materials</em>, <em>Source Reduction &amp; Recycling</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Some materials may be toxic or classified as hazardous waste and require special handling and disposal.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_86\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"556\"]<img class=\"wp-image-86 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-CD-Waste-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Dumpster with construction debris (source: Flickr – David d’O http://www.flickr.com/photos/david_o/534454633/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"556\" height=\"742\" /> Figure 1 – Dumpster with construction debris (source: Flickr – David d’O http://www.flickr.com/photos/david_o/534454633/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Implement C&amp;D Waste Reduction</strong></h2>\n<p>Designing to prevent waste is an important first step in C&amp;D waste management, accomplished by using standard sizes, advanced framing techniques, prefabrication, on-site protection of materials, and by returning unused materials to suppliers, among other strategies.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Make a plan and communicated clearly to the construction team specifying which items to reuse and which to recycle.</p>\n<p>Important considerations for construction and demolition waste reduction include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Design to prevent waste</li>\n<li>Know the waste stream (e.g., project waste materials, including hazardous materials)</li>\n<li>Become familiar with local ordinances and regulations</li>\n<li>Use specifications to set recycling goals and delineate responsibilities</li>\n<li>Require a construction waste management plan</li>\n<li>Educate project team about construction &amp; demolition waste recycling goals</li>\n<li>Monitor waste management performance</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Materials can be recycled onsite or offsite at a construction and demolition processor. Typical materials recycled from building sites include metal, lumber, asphalt, pavement, concrete, roofing material, corrugated cardboard, and wallboard.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> There are many recycling centers in New Jersey for the scrap metal and corrugated cardboard generated by construction and demolition activities. Concrete, concrete block, asphalt, and brick are typically crushed and used as a substitute for quarry stone in road construction projects or used as a fill material in various applications. Decorative landscaping material use crushed brick and non-chemically treated and non-painted wood scrap, as well as tree stumps and tree trunks, are shredded and sold as landscaping mulch.</p>\n<p>Planning is also essential for a successful deconstruction project. There are many steps to consider with deconstruction such as creating safety and materials management plans, surveying and taking inventory of the building materials, environmental health, and compliance, and coordinating with historic preservation designations.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://willowschool.org/\">The Willow School – Gladstone, N.J.</a></p>\n<p>According to the founder of The Willow School, the first LEED Gold Certified Building in NJ (2002), the project recycled over 85% of its construction waste. White pine trees removed during construction were sent to an NJ company to be milled and made into a wide variety of furniture. Built-in closets, bookshelves, chairs, and desks for students utilized salvaged white pine from the property.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_240\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"]<img class=\"wp-image-240 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-CD-Waste-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – The Willow School (Source: Mark Biedron LEED AP, co-Founder)\" width=\"532\" height=\"358\" /> Figure 2 – The Willow School (Source: Mark Biedron LEED AP, co-Founder)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Benefits of reducing and recycling C&amp;D waste:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></sup></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves landfill space</li>\n<li>Reduces the release of methane (a potent greenhouse gas) from landfills</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental impact of producing new materials</li>\n<li>Conserves natural resources</li>\n<li>Reduces overall project expenses through avoided purchase or disposal costs</li>\n<li>Creates jobs</li>\n<li>Deconstruction preserves architectural heritage by salvaging unique materials</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>EPA’s Recycling Economic Information (REI) report indicates that recycling and reuse of materials create jobs and generates local and state tax revenues. Out of the recycling categories, C&amp;D materials recycling contributed the most in the areas considered: jobs, wage, and tax revenue.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Cost savings associated with C&amp;D waste reduction reduces costs by avoiding the cost of disposal, potential revenue from the sale of recycled materials, and reductions in the need for waste disposal services.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a> Disposal fees are an expensive part of the demolition.</p>\n<p>Depending on the building, deconstruction can salvage a large amount of material from a building and lead to savings on avoided disposal fees. Deconstruction typically requires more time and labor than traditional demolition but also provides more jobs and is an excellent opportunity for job training in the construction trades. The feasibility and cost-effectiveness of deconstruction are different for every building depending on a building’s construction and the material composition. Most wood-frame and some metal-frame buildings can apply deconstruction methods. The building components, their condition, and the method of attachment to the structure can affect the cost-effectiveness of salvaging materials. Deconstruction requires more labor for disassembly, removal, and sorting than conventional demolition. These costs can be balanced out with careful planning and accounting for the value of the salvaged building materials and the avoided cost of disposal.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Many of the benefits listed above also contribute to resiliency. Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems. Established networks and markets for salvaged materials also help divert and reuse debris generated by natural disasters and severe storm events that can contaminate the environment following storm surges, flooding, and high winds.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a> Salvaging materials from storms turn recovery efforts into a profit-generating resource rather than a post-disaster clean-up expense.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Construction and Demolition Materials. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/index.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/index.htm</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Management of Construction and Demolition Materials <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials#America\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials#America</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> BMRA. <a href=\"https://bmra.org/\">https://bmra.org/</a>  (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. Construction Waste Management. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. Construction Waste Management. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Northeast Recycling Council. <a href=\"https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf\">https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> CalRecycle. C&amp;D Recycling Toolkit for Contractors. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/ConDemo/Toolkit/\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/ConDemo/Toolkit/</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Recover your Resources. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20210320011226/https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/brownfields-recover-your-resources-reduce-reuse-and-recycle-construction-and-demolition\">https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/brownfields-recover-your-resources-reduce-reuse-and-recycle-construction-and-demolition</a>  (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> NYC DDC. <a href=\"http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf\">http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US EPA. Recycling Economic Information report. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/final_2016_rei_report.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/final_2016_rei_report.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NJ DEP. The Economic Benefits of Recycling and Waste Reduction – Wastewise Case Studies from the Private and Public Sectors. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Seattle.gov. Salvage and Deconstruction. <a href=\"http://www.seattle.gov/util/forbusinesses/construction/cdwastemanagement/salvageanddeconstruction/\">http://www.seattle.gov/util/forbusinesses/construction/cdwastemanagement/salvageanddeconstruction/</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> NJ DEP. (2015). Disaster Debris Management Planning Tool Kit for New Jersey Municipalities. <a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf</a> (accessed July 20, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-source-reduction-and-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenhomenyc.org/building/build-it-green-nyc/\">Build it Green! NYC</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bmra.org/\">Building Materials Reuse Association</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf\">City of New York Department of Design and Construction – Construction and Demolition Manual</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://cdrecycling.org/\">Construction and Demolition Recycling Association</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.habitat.org/cd/env/restore_detail.aspx?place=67\">Habitat for Humanity Restore Directory – New Jersey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.morrishabitat.org/programs/deconstruction\">Morris Habitat for Humanity – Deconstruction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf\">NJ DEP – The Economic Benefits of Recycling and Waste Reduction – Wastewise Case Studies from the Private and Public Sectors</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us./dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid &amp; Hazardous Waste Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nerc.org\">Northeast Recycling Council</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf\">Northeast Recycling Council – Moving Toward Zero Waste &amp; Cost Savings – A Roadmap for Builders and Contractors for Construction &amp; Demolition Projects</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/reuse.htm\">US EPA: Deconstruction and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/tools/cwm.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Construction Waste Management Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.zerowastedesign.org/\">Zero Waste Design Guidelines</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste','','','2022-06-23 19:04:36','2022-06-23 19:04:36','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2112',0,'post','',0),(2113,2,'2022-04-22 17:33:35','2022-04-22 17:33:35','','EC Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste','','inherit','closed','closed','','2112-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:33:35','2022-04-22 17:33:35','',2112,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2113',0,'revision','',0),(2115,2,'2022-04-22 17:36:24','2022-04-22 17:36:24','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is Construction and Demolition (C&amp;D) Waste?</strong></h2>\n<p>Construction and demolition (C&amp;D) waste consists of the debris generated during the construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings. C&amp;D waste often contains bulky, heavy materials, such as concrete, wood, metals, glass, and salvaged building components.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Demolition accounts for more than 90% of C&amp;D waste and construction represent less than 10%<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a>; therefore, the concept of deconstruction is also essential to consider. Deconstruction is the practice of disassembling a building to salvage materials (joists, flooring, siding, fixtures) reused for new construction.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Carefully dismantling a structure with the intent of reusing materials extends the useful life of the material and requires less energy and raw materials and produces less pollution than discarding or even recycling materials.</p>\n<p>The disposal of C&amp;D waste contributes to environmental concerns including wasted materials and embodied energy, greenhouse gas generation, and other environmental impacts associated with producing new materials instead of using existing materials. Also, the number of C&amp;D landfills is declining, which means fewer disposal options, greater hauling distances, and increased fuel consumption and vehicle emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Many C&amp;D waste materials can be reused on-site or elsewhere, or recycled (see <em>Sustainable Materials</em>, <em>Source Reduction &amp; Recycling</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Some materials may be toxic or classified as hazardous waste and require special handling and disposal.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_86\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"556\"]<img class=\"wp-image-86 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-CD-Waste-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Dumpster with construction debris (source: Flickr – David d’O http://www.flickr.com/photos/david_o/534454633/sizes/l/in/photostream/)\" width=\"556\" height=\"742\" /> Figure 1 – Dumpster with construction debris (source: Flickr – David d’O http://www.flickr.com/photos/david_o/534454633/sizes/l/in/photostream/)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Implement C&amp;D Waste Reduction</strong></h2>\n<p>Designing to prevent waste is an important first step in C&amp;D waste management, accomplished by using standard sizes, advanced framing techniques, prefabrication, on-site protection of materials, and by returning unused materials to suppliers, among other strategies.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Make a plan and communicated clearly to the construction team specifying which items to reuse and which to recycle.</p>\n<p>Important considerations for construction and demolition waste reduction include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Design to prevent waste</li>\n<li>Know the waste stream (e.g., project waste materials, including hazardous materials)</li>\n<li>Become familiar with local ordinances and regulations</li>\n<li>Use specifications to set recycling goals and delineate responsibilities</li>\n<li>Require a construction waste management plan</li>\n<li>Educate project team about construction &amp; demolition waste recycling goals</li>\n<li>Monitor waste management performance</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Materials can be recycled onsite or offsite at a construction and demolition processor. Typical materials recycled from building sites include metal, lumber, asphalt, pavement, concrete, roofing material, corrugated cardboard, and wallboard.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> There are many recycling centers in New Jersey for the scrap metal and corrugated cardboard generated by construction and demolition activities. Concrete, concrete block, asphalt, and brick are typically crushed and used as a substitute for quarry stone in road construction projects or used as a fill material in various applications. Decorative landscaping material use crushed brick and non-chemically treated and non-painted wood scrap, as well as tree stumps and tree trunks, are shredded and sold as landscaping mulch.</p>\n<p>Planning is also essential for a successful deconstruction project. There are many steps to consider with deconstruction such as creating safety and materials management plans, surveying and taking inventory of the building materials, environmental health, and compliance, and coordinating with historic preservation designations.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://willowschool.org/\">The Willow School – Gladstone, N.J.</a></p>\n<p>According to the founder of The Willow School, the first LEED Gold Certified Building in NJ (2002), the project recycled over 85% of its construction waste. White pine trees removed during construction were sent to an NJ company to be milled and made into a wide variety of furniture. Built-in closets, bookshelves, chairs, and desks for students utilized salvaged white pine from the property.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_240\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"]<img class=\"wp-image-240 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-CD-Waste-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – The Willow School (Source: Mark Biedron LEED AP, co-Founder)\" width=\"532\" height=\"358\" /> Figure 2 – The Willow School (Source: Mark Biedron LEED AP, co-Founder)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Benefits of reducing and recycling C&amp;D waste:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></sup></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conserves landfill space</li>\n<li>Reduces the release of methane (a potent greenhouse gas) from landfills</li>\n<li>Reduces the environmental impact of producing new materials</li>\n<li>Conserves natural resources</li>\n<li>Reduces overall project expenses through avoided purchase or disposal costs</li>\n<li>Creates jobs</li>\n<li>Deconstruction preserves architectural heritage by salvaging unique materials</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>EPA’s Recycling Economic Information (REI) report indicates that recycling and reuse of materials create jobs and generates local and state tax revenues. Out of the recycling categories, C&amp;D materials recycling contributed the most in the areas considered: jobs, wage, and tax revenue.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Cost savings associated with C&amp;D waste reduction reduces costs by avoiding the cost of disposal, potential revenue from the sale of recycled materials, and reductions in the need for waste disposal services.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a> Disposal fees are an expensive part of the demolition.</p>\n<p>Depending on the building, deconstruction can salvage a large amount of material from a building and lead to savings on avoided disposal fees. Deconstruction typically requires more time and labor than traditional demolition but also provides more jobs and is an excellent opportunity for job training in the construction trades. The feasibility and cost-effectiveness of deconstruction are different for every building depending on a building’s construction and the material composition. Most wood-frame and some metal-frame buildings can apply deconstruction methods. The building components, their condition, and the method of attachment to the structure can affect the cost-effectiveness of salvaging materials. Deconstruction requires more labor for disassembly, removal, and sorting than conventional demolition. These costs can be balanced out with careful planning and accounting for the value of the salvaged building materials and the avoided cost of disposal.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Many of the benefits listed above also contribute to resiliency. Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems. Established networks and markets for salvaged materials also help divert and reuse debris generated by natural disasters and severe storm events that can contaminate the environment following storm surges, flooding, and high winds.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a> Salvaging materials from storms turn recovery efforts into a profit-generating resource rather than a post-disaster clean-up expense.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Construction and Demolition Materials. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/index.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/index.htm</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> US EPA. Sustainable Management of Construction and Demolition Materials <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials#America\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials#America</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> BMRA. <a href=\"https://bmra.org/\">https://bmra.org/</a>  (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. Construction Waste Management. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. Construction Waste Management. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php\">http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php</a> (accessed March 20, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Northeast Recycling Council. <a href=\"https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf\">https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> CalRecycle. C&amp;D Recycling Toolkit for Contractors. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/ConDemo/Toolkit/\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/ConDemo/Toolkit/</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Recover your Resources. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/brownfields-recover-your-resources-reduce-reuse-and-recycle-construction-and-demolition\">https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/brownfields-recover-your-resources-reduce-reuse-and-recycle-construction-and-demolition</a>  (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> NYC DDC. <a href=\"http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf\">http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US EPA. Recycling Economic Information report. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/final_2016_rei_report.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/final_2016_rei_report.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> NJ DEP. The Economic Benefits of Recycling and Waste Reduction – Wastewise Case Studies from the Private and Public Sectors. <a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf\">https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Seattle.gov. Salvage and Deconstruction. <a href=\"http://www.seattle.gov/util/forbusinesses/construction/cdwastemanagement/salvageanddeconstruction/\">http://www.seattle.gov/util/forbusinesses/construction/cdwastemanagement/salvageanddeconstruction/</a> (accessed March 23, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-construction-and-demolition-cd-waste/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> NJ DEP. (2015). Disaster Debris Management Planning Tool Kit for New Jersey Municipalities. <a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf</a> (accessed July 20, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-source-reduction-and-recycling/\">Source Reduction and Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenhomenyc.org/building/build-it-green-nyc/\">Build it Green! NYC</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bmra.org/\">Building Materials Reuse Association</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/waste.pdf\">City of New York Department of Design and Construction – Construction and Demolition Manual</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://cdrecycling.org/\">Construction and Demolition Recycling Association</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.habitat.org/cd/env/restore_detail.aspx?place=67\">Habitat for Humanity Restore Directory – New Jersey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.morrishabitat.org/programs/deconstruction\">Morris Habitat for Humanity – Deconstruction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/wastewise/njwwcasestudy.pdf\">NJ DEP – The Economic Benefits of Recycling and Waste Reduction – Wastewise Case Studies from the Private and Public Sectors</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us./dep/dshw/\">NJ DEP Solid &amp; Hazardous Waste Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nerc.org\">Northeast Recycling Council</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://nerc.org/documents/moving_toward_zero_waste_cost_savings_a_roadmap_contractors_builders.pdf\">Northeast Recycling Council – Moving Toward Zero Waste &amp; Cost Savings – A Roadmap for Builders and Contractors for Construction &amp; Demolition Projects</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/rrr/imr/cdm/reuse.htm\">US EPA: Deconstruction and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/tools/cwm.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Construction Waste Management Database</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.zerowastedesign.org/\">Zero Waste Design Guidelines</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste','','inherit','closed','closed','','2112-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:36:24','2022-04-22 17:36:24','',2112,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2115',0,'revision','',0),(2117,2,'2022-04-22 17:38:12','2022-04-22 17:38:12','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Non-toxic Materials\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What are Non-toxic Materials? </strong></h2>\n<p>Non-toxic or low-emitting materials release relatively low levels of odorous, irritating, toxic, or hazardous substances unhealthy to building occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (including formaldehyde), particulates, and fibers include substances often emitted from building materials that can adversely impact human health.</p>\n<p>Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) contain carbon molecules and can vaporize from material surfaces into indoor air at average room temperatures (a process known as off-gassing).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> A non-toxic material must meet different thresholds of VOC emissions compliance depending on the material.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Found in many everyday products and building materials, VOCs can escape into the air and cause illness and allergic reactions. Studies have linked elevated levels of VOCs and interior pollutants to health concerns that cause eye, nose and throat irritation, headaches, loss of coordination, nausea, and other health problems. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> People with respiratory problems, children, seniors and people with compromised immune systems are at higher risk to reactions from exposure than general population.</p>\n<p>According to the EPA, concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times) than outdoors. Paints, sealants, manufactured wood products, and adhesives as well as some furnishings and carpet systems often release VOCs. Inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs such as stone, ceramic, powder-coated metals, plated or anodized metal, glass, concrete, clay, brick, and unfinished or untreated solid wood do not require VOC emissions testing if they do not include VOC emitting surface coatings, binders, or sealants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>Formaldehyde (CH<sub>2</sub>O), a known carcinogen, is a colorless gas with a strong odor that can cause eye, nose, skin, and lung irritations. It forms an essential component of several polymers used in many building materials including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, and melamine resin. When selecting safe, non-toxic materials, avoid building materials and products containing formaldehyde resins. Pressed-wood products, such as particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, medium density fiberboard, glues and adhesives, permanent-press fabrics, paper product coatings, and specific insulation materials often use formaldehyde resins.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> More information about formaldehyde can be found through resources such as the <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/formaldehyde\">US EPA website</a>. If a formaldehyde-containing product is purchased, it should be aired out before it is used.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_428\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"452\"]<img class=\"wp-image-428 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)\" width=\"452\" height=\"346\" /> Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Non-toxic Materials</strong></h2>\n<p>Increased awareness about possible health risks and indoor air quality concerns have helped to expand the market for safe, non-toxic materials. Low-emitting material credit requirements by LEED and other green building certifications have led to a demand for products lower in VOCs and toxic chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Several certification programs, standards, and criteria for selecting and evaluating sustainable materials include <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">GREENGUARD</a> (indoor air quality certification), <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/green-label-plus/\">Green Label Plus</a> (carpets/rugs), <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180929003530/http://www.greenseal.org/Home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, and <a href=\"http://www.scscertified.com/\">Scientific Certification Systems</a>.</p>\n<p>The definition of a “low” concentration of VOC emissions varies according to the product type. For example, for interior paints and coatings, low-VOC emitting products have concentrations below 50 g/L; a zero-VOC paint has fewer than 5 grams per liter.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Paints and finishes come in either oil-based formulas or latex (water) based, which are generally less toxic and less VOC-emitting than oil-based paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> Not all latex-based formulas are low in VOC’s, however, and a few oil-based products now qualify as low-VOC. For independent certifications and standards, see <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/\">greenseal.org</a> and <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">greenguard.org</a> (which measures VOC emissions).</p>\n<p>There are many hard, low-formaldehyde flooring materials on the market. Formaldehyde occurs naturally in wood and making wood-containing flooring products are never 100% formaldehyde free. By using materials such as concrete and recycled tile, a homeowner can significantly reduce the amount of formaldehyde concentration in a home, while also preserving natural resources such as wood commonly used for flooring.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_256\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"282\"]<img class=\"wp-image-256 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Sustainable-Materials-Fig-5-282x300.png\" alt=\"Figure 5 – FSC Certified Logo (Source: http://www.fsc.org/)\" width=\"282\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 5 – FSC Certified Logo[/caption]<p>If choosing to install new wood, consider salvaged wood or look for products that earn the <a href=\"https://ic.fsc.org/en/choosing-fsc/fsc-labels\">Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certification label</a>. The FSC specializes in providing certification for wood products produced from sustainable harvesting practices that contain low levels of formaldehyde. FSC-certified wood floors do not include added urea-formaldehyde.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><u>Rutgers University Visitor Center</u></p>\n<p>The Rutgers University Visitor Center was constructed using low-emitting materials including paints, finishes and recycled content carpet.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_49\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"434\"]<img class=\"wp-image-49 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 3 – Stained concrete floor (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"434\" height=\"296\" /> Figure 3 – Stained concrete floor (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_94\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"444\"]<img class=\"wp-image-94 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-3.png\" alt=\"Figure 4 – Recycled carpet (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"444\" height=\"302\" /> Figure 4 – Recycled carpet (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits </strong></h2>\n<p>The selection of building material and furnishings have a significant impact on indoor environmental quality. Benefits of choosing low-emitting materials include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Improved indoor air quality.</li>\n<li>Improved worker safety and health.</li>\n<li>Reduced incidents of an eye and respiratory irritation, headaches, fatigue.</li>\n<li>Healthier environment for building occupants who are sensitive to specific products.</li>\n<li>Reduced pollution of groundwater and water supplies.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Many low-emitting materials are cost-competitive with conventional materials. Low/no-VOC paints typically cost about the same as conventional paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Many wood product manufacturers are replacing formaldehyde-based bonding resins with non-toxic substitutes. Cost impacts for such non-formaldehyde wood products can vary.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>The use of non-toxic materials in building assemblies and furnishings can help to reduce the release of toxic chemicals when debris from buildings finds its way into the environment following storm surges, flooding, and high winds caused by natural disasters and severe storm events. For example, Superstorm Sandy generated over 8 million cubic yards of debris across the nine hardest-hit counties in New Jersey in only one day.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Damaged and contaminated materials may include waterlogged drywall, plaster, insulation, flooring, carpets, mattresses, and upholstered furniture, that when put it into unlined landfills, can contaminate groundwater.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG). Evaluating and Selecting Green Products. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> LEED BD+C: New Construction | v4 – LEED v4. Low-emitting materials</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0</a>  (accessed April 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality</a>  (accessed April 23, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> LEED v4. EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/education/sessions/breath-fresh-air-low-emitting-materials-leed-v41-12849990\">https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Healthy Building Network. Formaldehyde Found in Building Materials.  <a href=\"https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf\">https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> LEED v4. EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/education/sessions/breath-fresh-air-low-emitting-materials-leed-v41-12849990\">https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> GreenGuard. Your Guide to Low-And Zero-VOC Paints. <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf\">http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> WBDG. Evaluating and Selecting Green Products. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Cost Helper. How Much Does Painting an Interior Cost? <a href=\"http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html\">http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> NJ DEP. (2015). Disaster Debris Management Planning Tool Kit for New Jersey Municipalities.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/health/iep/index.shtml\">NJ Department of Health and Senior Services – Indoor Environments</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding/index.html\">US EPA Indoor Air Quality – Green Indoor Environments</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG): Evaluating and Selecting Green Products</a></li>\n</ul>\n<strong>Green Product Certifications and Standards:</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/index.cfm\">Carpet and Rug Institute (CRI) Green Label Program</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://www.c2ccertified.org\">Cradle to Cradle</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">The GREENGUARD Environmental Institute</a> is an industry-independent, not-for-profit organization that oversees the GREENGUARD Certification programs.</li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://greenseal.org/splash/\">Green Seal</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://living-future.org\">International Living Future Institute</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/education/sessions/breath-fresh-air-low-emitting-materials-leed-v41-12849990\">LEED: Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels</a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ecolabelindex.com/ecolabel/scs-indoor-advantage\">Scientific Certification Systems Indoor Advantage </a></li>\n	<li><a href=\"http://mts.sustainableproducts.com/SMaRT_product_standard.html\">SMaRt Consensus Sustainable Product Standards</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Non-toxic Materials','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-safe-non-toxic-materials','','','2022-06-23 18:58:50','2022-06-23 18:58:50','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2117',0,'post','',0),(2118,2,'2022-04-22 17:37:10','2022-04-22 17:37:10','','EC Non-toxic Materials','','inherit','closed','closed','','2117-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:37:10','2022-04-22 17:37:10','',2117,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2118',0,'revision','',0),(2119,2,'2022-04-22 17:38:12','2022-04-22 17:38:12','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Non-toxic Materials\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What are Non-toxic Materials? </strong></h2>\n<p>Non-toxic or low-emitting materials release relatively low levels of odorous, irritating, toxic, or hazardous substances unhealthy to building occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (including formaldehyde), particulates, and fibers include substances often emitted from building materials that can adversely impact human health.</p>\n<p>Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) contain carbon molecules and can vaporize from material surfaces into indoor air at average room temperatures (a process known as off-gassing).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> A non-toxic material must meet different thresholds of VOC emissions compliance depending on the material.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Found in many everyday products and building materials, VOCs can escape into the air and cause illness and allergic reactions. Studies have linked elevated levels of VOCs and interior pollutants to health concerns that cause eye, nose and throat irritation, headaches, loss of coordination, nausea, and other health problems. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> People with respiratory problems, children, seniors and people with compromised immune systems are at higher risk to reactions from exposure than general population.</p>\n<p>According to the EPA, concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times) than outdoors. Paints, sealants, manufactured wood products, and adhesives as well as some furnishings and carpet systems often release VOCs. Inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs such as stone, ceramic, powder-coated metals, plated or anodized metal, glass, concrete, clay, brick, and unfinished or untreated solid wood do not require VOC emissions testing if they do not include VOC emitting surface coatings, binders, or sealants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>Formaldehyde (CH<sub>2</sub>O), a known carcinogen, is a colorless gas with a strong odor that can cause eye, nose, skin, and lung irritations. It forms an essential component of several polymers used in many building materials including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, and melamine resin. When selecting safe, non-toxic materials, avoid building materials and products containing formaldehyde resins. Pressed-wood products, such as particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, medium density fiberboard, glues and adhesives, permanent-press fabrics, paper product coatings, and specific insulation materials often use formaldehyde resins.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> More information about formaldehyde can be found through resources such as the <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/formaldehyde\">US EPA website</a>. If a formaldehyde-containing product is purchased, it should be aired out before it is used.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_428\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"452\"]<img class=\"wp-image-428 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)\" width=\"452\" height=\"346\" /> Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Non-toxic Materials</strong></h2>\n<p>Increased awareness about possible health risks and indoor air quality concerns have helped to expand the market for safe, non-toxic materials. Low-emitting material credit requirements by LEED and other green building certifications have led to a demand for products lower in VOCs and toxic chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> Several certification programs, standards, and criteria for selecting and evaluating sustainable materials include <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">GREENGUARD</a> (indoor air quality certification), <a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/green-label-plus/\">Green Label Plus</a> (carpets/rugs), <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, and <a href=\"http://www.scscertified.com/\">Scientific Certification Systems</a>.</p>\n<p>The definition of a “low” concentration of VOC emissions varies according to the product type. For example, for interior paints and coatings, low-VOC emitting products have concentrations below 50 g/L; a zero-VOC paint has fewer than 5 grams per liter.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Paints and finishes come in either oil-based formulas or latex (water) based, which are generally less toxic and less VOC-emitting than oil-based paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a> Not all latex-based formulas are low in VOC’s, however, and a few oil-based products now qualify as low-VOC. For independent certifications and standards, see <a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/\">greenseal.org</a> and <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">greenguard.org</a> (which measures VOC emissions).</p>\n<p>There are many hard, low-formaldehyde flooring materials on the market. Formaldehyde occurs naturally in wood and making wood-containing flooring products are never 100% formaldehyde free. By using materials such as concrete and recycled tile, a homeowner can significantly reduce the amount of formaldehyde concentration in a home, while also preserving natural resources such as wood commonly used for flooring.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_256\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"282\"]<img class=\"wp-image-256 size-medium\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Sustainable-Materials-Fig-5-282x300.png\" alt=\"Figure 5 – FSC Certified Logo (Source: http://www.fsc.org/)\" width=\"282\" height=\"300\" /> Figure 5 – FSC Certified Logo[/caption]<p>If choosing to install new wood, consider salvaged wood or look for products that earn the <a href=\"https://ic.fsc.org/en/choosing-fsc/fsc-labels\">Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certification label</a>. The FSC specializes in providing certification for wood products produced from sustainable harvesting practices that contain low levels of formaldehyde. FSC-certified wood floors do not include added urea-formaldehyde.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><u>Rutgers University Visitor Center</u></p>\n<p>The Rutgers University Visitor Center was constructed using low-emitting materials including paints, finishes and recycled content carpet.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_49\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"434\"]<img class=\"wp-image-49 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 3 – Stained concrete floor (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"434\" height=\"296\" /> Figure 3 – Stained concrete floor (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption][caption id=\"attachment_94\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"444\"]<img class=\"wp-image-94 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-3.png\" alt=\"Figure 4 – Recycled carpet (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)\" width=\"444\" height=\"302\" /> Figure 4 – Recycled carpet (source: Rutgers Center for Green Building)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits </strong></h2>\n<p>The selection of building material and furnishings have a significant impact on indoor environmental quality. Benefits of choosing low-emitting materials include: <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Improved indoor air quality.</li>\n<li>Improved worker safety and health.</li>\n<li>Reduced incidents of an eye and respiratory irritation, headaches, fatigue.</li>\n<li>Healthier environment for building occupants who are sensitive to specific products.</li>\n<li>Reduced pollution of groundwater and water supplies.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Many low-emitting materials are cost-competitive with conventional materials. Low/no-VOC paints typically cost about the same as conventional paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> Many wood product manufacturers are replacing formaldehyde-based bonding resins with non-toxic substitutes. Cost impacts for such non-formaldehyde wood products can vary.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>The use of non-toxic materials in building assemblies and furnishings can help to reduce the release of toxic chemicals when debris from buildings finds its way into the environment following storm surges, flooding, and high winds caused by natural disasters and severe storm events. For example, Superstorm Sandy generated over 8 million cubic yards of debris across the nine hardest-hit counties in New Jersey in only one day.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Damaged and contaminated materials may include waterlogged drywall, plaster, insulation, flooring, carpets, mattresses, and upholstered furniture, that when put it into unlined landfills, can contaminate groundwater.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG). Evaluating and Selecting Green Products. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> LEED BD+C: New Construction | v4 – LEED v4. Low-emitting materials</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0</a>  (accessed April 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality</a>  (accessed April 23, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> LEED v4. EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf\">https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Healthy Building Network. Formaldehyde Found in Building Materials.  <a href=\"https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf\">https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> LEED v4. EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf\">https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> GreenGuard. Your Guide to Low-And Zero-VOC Paints. <a href=\"http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf\">http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> WBDG. Evaluating and Selecting Green Products. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Cost Helper. How Much Does Painting an Interior Cost? <a href=\"http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html\">http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials. <a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-safe-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> NJ DEP. (2015). Disaster Debris Management Planning Tool Kit for New Jersey Municipalities.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf</a> (accessed April 27, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-sustainable-materials-2/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/health/iep/index.shtml\">NJ Department of Health and Senior Services – Indoor Environments</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding/index.html\">US EPA Indoor Air Quality – Green Indoor Environments</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">Whole Building Design Guide: Evaluating and Selecting Green Products</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>Green Product Certifications and Standards:</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/index.cfm\">Carpet and Rug Institute (CRI) Green Label Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.c2ccertified.org\">Cradle to Cradle</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">The GREENGUARD Environmental Institute</a> is an industry-independent, not-for-profit organization that oversees the GREENGUARD Certification programs.</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/Home.aspx\">Green Seal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://living-future.org\">International Living Future Institute</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf\">LEED: Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ecolabelindex.com/ecolabel/scs-indoor-advantage\">Scientific Certification Systems Indoor Advantage </a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://mts.sustainableproducts.com/SMaRT_product_standard.html\">SMaRt Consensus Sustainable Product Standards</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Non-toxic Materials','','inherit','closed','closed','','2117-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:38:12','2022-04-22 17:38:12','',2117,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2119',0,'revision','',0),(2121,2,'2022-04-22 18:00:23','2022-04-22 18:00:23','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Making products more durable and longer lasting are also activities synonymous with source reduction.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>According to the US EPA, “Commercial wastes from business and industry make up between 35 and 45 percent of the U.S. municipal solid waste stream.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Source reduction activities not only conserve natural resources but also conserve the fuel used to make the products. From a business perspective, source reduction can save money in disposal and replacement costs. Source reduction aims to reuse materials (i.e., packaging materials, office furnishings) and not produce or minimize waste whenever possible. Everything put into the trash represents money spent on materials as well as money spent on removing those materials.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Before starting a source reduction and recycling program, it is helpful to conduct a waste audit of the building. A waste audit determines what type, how much, and the toxicity content of waste produced by the building. The waste audit also details the sources of waste and the reasons for waste production. This information can inform better purchasing practices and environmental protection. A waste audit outlines a series of steps one should take to achieve waste and cost reduction goals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>To start a source reduction and recycling program in a commercial building, a written plan that details the proposed program should be created by the building owner or business owner. This plan should be made readily available and accessible to all current and future tenants or occupants of the building. A plan should include the types of materials to be collected and recycled, as well as the types of source reduction strategies to be implemented. Implement source separation of three recyclable materials (i.e., paper, glass, plastic) should be implemented and the collection method and target recycling goals should be displayed. The program should be periodically reviewed and updated.  Along with the detailed plan, develop an educational program to inform all occupants of the new strategies. This educational program should explain how building occupants can contribute to the recycling and source reduction program and why it is essential to take part in those activities. Deliver the educational program via email, social media, permanent signs (marking locations of recycling bins) or meetings. Make notifications to occupants in a timely fashion of any changes to the program. Lastly, have facility managers conduct regular checks to guarantee that the source reduction and recycling program follows protocol.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>Source reduction intersects with all aspects of operations from purchasing practices to office practices to shipping and receiving procedures to the lunchroom.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While there are many areas to focus on source reduction and recycling programs, computer paper is one of the most significant contributors to the solid waste stream from the workplace. Computer paper costs money to buy, store, and print, while wasting paper leads to profit losses and negative environmental impacts. Though it is essential to recycle computer paper when possible, it is more environmentally and fiscally responsible for reducing the amount of paper purchased. Print two-sided documents if printing is necessary but aims to post notices electronically and send documents for review via email. Communicate with occupants about the importance of conserving paper and that simple actions such as reusing materials can contribute to saving money on office supplies. Locate paper-recycling bins next to printers and trash cans and to encourage paper recycling.  (See <em>Recycling Centers</em> strategy).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h3>Example</h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc\">USGBC Waste Audits and Waste Diversion Efforts</a></p>\n<p>Each quarter, the USGBC facilities team and janitorial crew works with a waste consultant to implement waste audits at the USGBC headquarters, allows the team to analyze the facility’s waste stream and work towards improvements in the facility’s waste diversion rate. As an organization, USGBC also works to minimize waste off-site and meetings and conferences.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_225\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"528\"]<img class=\"wp-image-225 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Source-Redcution-Recycling-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Volunteers help attendees at Greenbuild International Conference and Expo learn about waste diversion practices at the conference (Source: usgbc.org)\" width=\"528\" height=\"354\" /> Figure 1 – Volunteers help attendees at Greenbuild International Conference and Expo learn about waste diversion practices at the conference (Source: usgbc.org)[/caption]\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use by employees, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on the health of employees and the impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The State of New Jersey. “Recycling in NJ: Source Reduction (Waste Reduction).” <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm%20\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. “Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States.” <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/snapshot.pdf%20\">http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/snapshot.pdf</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> USGBC. The How and Why of Waste Audits at USGBC. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc\">https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> NYC DEC. Practical Source Reduction Tips for Business. <a href=\"http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html\">http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> CalRecycle. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/reducewaste/business\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/reducewaste/business</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/\">NJ DEP – Bureau of Recycling and Planning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm\">NJ DEP – Source Reduction (Waste Reduction)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://des.nh.gov/organization/commissioner/pip/factsheets/hw/documents/hw-8.pdf\">Reducing Hazardous Wastes in Your Business</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html\">Source Reduction Tips for Businesses</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>US EPA</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\"> Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Source Reduction and Recycling','','publish','closed','closed','','ec-source-reduction-and-recycling','','','2022-04-22 18:00:26','2022-04-22 18:00:26','',0,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2121',0,'post','',0),(2122,2,'2022-04-22 17:58:21','2022-04-22 17:58:21','','EC Source Reduction and Recycling','','inherit','closed','closed','','2121-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 17:58:21','2022-04-22 17:58:21','',2121,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2122',0,'revision','',0),(2124,2,'2022-04-22 18:00:23','2022-04-22 18:00:23','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Source Reduction and Recycling\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>What is Source Reduction and Recycling?</h2>\n<p>Source reduction refers to reducing the amount (by weight or volume) or toxicity of waste that enters the solid waste stream. Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into new resources.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Additionally, source reduction is the first tier in the waste management process. Source reduction decreases the amount of waste that enters the solid waste stream as well as decreases the disposal of toxic materials by sourcing fewer products out of toxic materials. Making products more durable and longer lasting are also activities synonymous with source reduction.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></p>\n<p>According to the US EPA, “Commercial wastes from business and industry make up between 35 and 45 percent of the U.S. municipal solid waste stream.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> Source reduction activities not only conserve natural resources but also conserve the fuel used to make the products. From a business perspective, source reduction can save money in disposal and replacement costs. Source reduction aims to reuse materials (i.e., packaging materials, office furnishings) and not produce or minimize waste whenever possible. Everything put into the trash represents money spent on materials as well as money spent on removing those materials.</p>\n<h2>How to Implement Source Reduction and Recycling</h2>\n<p>Before starting a source reduction and recycling program, it is helpful to conduct a waste audit of the building. A waste audit determines what type, how much, and the toxicity content of waste produced by the building. The waste audit also details the sources of waste and the reasons for waste production. This information can inform better purchasing practices and environmental protection. A waste audit outlines a series of steps one should take to achieve waste and cost reduction goals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>To start a source reduction and recycling program in a commercial building, a written plan that details the proposed program should be created by the building owner or business owner. This plan should be made readily available and accessible to all current and future tenants or occupants of the building. A plan should include the types of materials to be collected and recycled, as well as the types of source reduction strategies to be implemented. Implement source separation of three recyclable materials (i.e., paper, glass, plastic) should be implemented and the collection method and target recycling goals should be displayed. The program should be periodically reviewed and updated.  Along with the detailed plan, develop an educational program to inform all occupants of the new strategies. This educational program should explain how building occupants can contribute to the recycling and source reduction program and why it is essential to take part in those activities. Deliver the educational program via email, social media, permanent signs (marking locations of recycling bins) or meetings. Make notifications to occupants in a timely fashion of any changes to the program. Lastly, have facility managers conduct regular checks to guarantee that the source reduction and recycling program follows protocol.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>Source reduction intersects with all aspects of operations from purchasing practices to office practices to shipping and receiving procedures to the lunchroom.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> While there are many areas to focus on source reduction and recycling programs, computer paper is one of the most significant contributors to the solid waste stream from the workplace. Computer paper costs money to buy, store, and print, while wasting paper leads to profit losses and negative environmental impacts. Though it is essential to recycle computer paper when possible, it is more environmentally and fiscally responsible for reducing the amount of paper purchased. Print two-sided documents if printing is necessary but aims to post notices electronically and send documents for review via email. Communicate with occupants about the importance of conserving paper and that simple actions such as reusing materials can contribute to saving money on office supplies. Locate paper-recycling bins next to printers and trash cans and to encourage paper recycling.  (See <em>Recycling Centers</em> strategy).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h3>Example</h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc\">USGBC Waste Audits and Waste Diversion Efforts</a></p>\n<p>Each quarter, the USGBC facilities team and janitorial crew works with a waste consultant to implement waste audits at the USGBC headquarters, allows the team to analyze the facility’s waste stream and work towards improvements in the facility’s waste diversion rate. As an organization, USGBC also works to minimize waste off-site and meetings and conferences.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_225\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"528\"]<img class=\"wp-image-225 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Source-Redcution-Recycling-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Volunteers help attendees at Greenbuild International Conference and Expo learn about waste diversion practices at the conference (Source: usgbc.org)\" width=\"528\" height=\"354\" /> Figure 1 – Volunteers help attendees at Greenbuild International Conference and Expo learn about waste diversion practices at the conference (Source: usgbc.org)[/caption]\n<h2>Benefits</h2>\n<p>Source reduction and recycling can save money and reduce the amount of material entering the solid waste stream. Recycling reduces the amount of strain put on landfills and incinerators, which decreases air and water contamination as well as preserving open space. Additionally, recycling conserves resources and reduces the need for new resources to be extracted from forests, oil wells, and mines, among others.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> Recycling also has many indirect benefits. Recycling can lead to the creation of jobs and tax revenues that can make communities stronger and more prone to start environmentally responsible initiatives. Also, recycling can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) because the production, transport, and disposing of solid waste produces GHG’s.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2>Costs</h2>\n<p>EPA’s WasteWise partners have documented that source reduction can lead to cost savings, particularly in shipping and receiving, office operations, and manufacturing.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a> Recycling can help reduce disposal costs.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a> While the individual cost of purchasing reusable items may be more than disposable products, realizing the long-term benefits of reusable items and life-cycle cost comparisons can balance the initial costs. The life cycle costs include not only the purchase price but also its use by employees, distribution, sterilization of reusable products, and the cost for waste disposal. Consider factors such as its effects on the health of employees and the impacts on the environment. Some source reduction and recycling practices require a change in habits rather than a change in cost.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2>Resiliency</h2>\n<p>Source reduction can decrease the quantity of waste generated when a natural or human-caused disaster occurs. Proactive strategies for waste-related issues associated with disasters is an integral part of resilience planning.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a> Reducing waste and reusing or recycling materials can help protect natural habitats that contribute to more resilient ecosystems.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. Recycling. <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm\">http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/rrr/recycle.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> The State of New Jersey. “Recycling in NJ: Source Reduction (Waste Reduction).” <a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm%20\">http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> US EPA. “Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States.” <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/snapshot.pdf%20\">http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/snapshot.pdf</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> USGBC. The How and Why of Waste Audits at USGBC. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc\">https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-and-why-waste-audits-usgbc</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> NYC DEC. Practical Source Reduction Tips for Business. <a href=\"http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html\">http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> CalRecycle. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/reducewaste/business\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/reducewaste/business</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> NERC. “New Jersey Environmental Benefits Fact Sheet on Recycling.” <a href=\"http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html%20\">http://www.nerc.org/documents/fsheets/nj-factsht.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Stopwaste.org. Recycling and Climate Protection. <a href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection\">http://www.stopwaste.org/recycling/business/recycling-and-climate-protection</a>  (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> US EPA. Wastes – WasteWise Program.  <a href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html\">https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/wastewise/web/html/cost.html</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> US EPA. Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\">https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Life Cycle Approach. <a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-source-reduction-and-recycling/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> US EPA. Waste Management Planning to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change\">https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/waste-management-planning-mitigate-impact-climate-change</a> (accessed March 24, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-composting/\">Composting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-recycling-centers/\">Recycling Centers</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/plan/399/life-cycle-approach\">GSA – Sustainable Facilities Tool – Life Cycle Approach</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/\">NJ DEP – Bureau of Recycling and Planning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dshw/recycling/source_red.htm\">NJ DEP – Source Reduction (Waste Reduction)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://des.nh.gov/organization/commissioner/pip/factsheets/hw/documents/hw-8.pdf\">Reducing Hazardous Wastes in Your Business</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/8822.html\">Source Reduction Tips for Businesses</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>US EPA</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/smm/managing-and-reducing-wastes-guide-commercial-buildings\"> Managing and Reducing Wastes: A Guide for Commercial Buildings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics\">Reducing and Reusing Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/recycle\">Reduce, Reuse, Recycle</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Source Reduction and Recycling','','inherit','closed','closed','','2121-revision-v1','','','2022-04-22 18:00:23','2022-04-22 18:00:23','',2121,'https://devgreenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2124',0,'revision','',0),