(2585,3,'2022-06-23 18:41:57','2022-06-23 18:41:57','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Active Living?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Active Living</b></strong></h2>\n<p>A first step to implementing active living into everyday life includes selecting a location or residential developments that include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed land use neighborhoods.</li>\n<li>Pedestrian-friendly designs with traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Continuous bike networks and bicycle infrastructure such as indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>A pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists with pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Public spaces designed to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Access to healthy food such as local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>Smaller parking lots located in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into home design:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Designing inviting and easy to access outdoor spaces that encourage time spent in nature.</li>\n<li>Incorporating space for exercising and for storage of active lifestyle equipment and gear (e.g., wall mounted bicycle storage, mudroom lockers).</li>\n<li>Providing a front porch to promote neighborhood interaction.</li>\n<li>Incorporating easy to maintain gardens on rooftops, courtyards or patio spaces that promote homegrown herbs, fruits, and vegetables.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden, that address community health through a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a critical factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are essential sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org/dl/guidelines.pdf\">https://centerforactivedesign.org/dl/guidelines.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org/dl/guidelines.pdf\">https://centerforactivedesign.org/dl/guidelines.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Leadership for Healthy Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a><span> </span>(accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Waters, Hugh, and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-edible-landscaping/\">Edible Landscaping</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1368-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:41:57','2022-06-23 18:41:57','',1368,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2585',0,'revision','',0),(2586,3,'2022-06-23 18:43:41','2022-06-23 18:43:41','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning?</strong></h2>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_413\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"716\"]<img class=\"wp-image-413 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-Storm-Preparation-Fig-1-.png\" alt=\"Fig 1 – New Jersey’s tropical storm activity is typically between August and late October. (Source: ready.nj.gov).\" width=\"716\" height=\"382\" /> Fig 1 – New Jersey’s tropical storm activity is typically between August and late October. (Source: ready.nj.gov).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Severe weather and natural hazards such as droughts, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, winter storms, pandemic influenza, thunderstorms and lighting, tornadoes, and wildfires and associated power outages, flooding, evacuations, and property damage create emergency situations that impact New Jersey businesses on a regular basis. Storm preparation and emergency planning includes steps that residents can take to avoid or mitigate impacts and increase safety and comfort before, during and after adverse events. Proper preparation and planning also refers to resilient design and green building practices that increase a structure’s ability to withstand or recover from severe weather and adverse conditions and protect building occupants. For example, at the building owner level, the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) recommends securing property to protect against hurricane damage by:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Installing permanent storm shutters for windows or boarding up windows with 5/8” plywood, cut to fit and ready to install.</li>\n<li>Adding straps or clips to securely fasten roof to the frame structure and reduce roof damage.</li>\n<li>Clearing loose and clogged rain gutters and downspouts.</li>\n<li>Bringing in outdoor objects such as furniture, equipment and tools or anchoring them if they cannot be brought indoors.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>At the design and building level, the<span> </span><a href=\"https://disastersafety.org/\">FORTIFIED Building Standards by the Institute of Business and Home Safety (IBHS)</a><span> </span>recommend roofing and fenestration best practices to protect buildings in hurricane prone areas and areas susceptible to hail and high winds. Together, these precautions provide redundancy and increase the likelihood of avoiding major damages and injuries.</p>\n<p>For more information on hurricane preparedness, see the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ready.nj.gov/\">New Jersey Office of Emergency Management (NJOEM)</a><span> </span>and the<span> </span><a href=\"http://ready.nj.gov/plan-prepare/pdf/NJ_Hurricane_Survival_Guide_2018.pdf\">NJ Hurricane Survival Guide.</a></p>\n<h2><strong>How to implement Storm Preparation and Emergency Preparedness</strong></h2>\n<p>A number of local, state and national organizations provide resources and information on storm preparation and emergency preparedness (see<span> </span><strong>Resources</strong><span> </span>below). The NJOEM’s “Be Ready: Follow the “Three Steps to Safety” outlines basic preparations for the most common disaster scenarios in New Jersey.</p>\n<p><u>Step One: “Get a Kit”</u><span> </span>– Assemble emergency supplies including food, water, basic first aid supplies, alternative communication and other emergency equipment such as flashlights and duct tape. See<span> </span><a href=\"http://ready.nj.gov/plan/preparedness_foodwater.html\">NJOEM list of Emergency Food and Water Supplies</a>.</p>\n<p><u>Step Two: “Make a Plan”</u><span> </span>– Know your area’s evacuation routes and shelter locations. Keep a list of emergency contacts and local emergency numbers. Visit the <a href=\"http://www.redcross.org/prepare/location/home-family/plan\">American Red Cross Make a Disaster Preparedness Plan</a> web page for more information.</p>\n<p><u>Step Three: “Stay Informed”</u><span> </span>– Part of preparation is knowing exactly what kind of disasters you might face and knowing what to do in each situation. Keep track of Current Weather Forecasts and Alerts with:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Local radio or TV stations</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/\">NOAA Weather Radio</a>– or <a href=\"http://www.weatherusa.net/radio\">listen online</a></li>\n<li>NJOEM’s<span> </span><a href=\"http://ready.nj.gov/weather/index.html\">Weather Links</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Using resilient building practices and developing emergency preparedness plans and supply kits:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduces fear, anxiety, and losses.</li>\n<li>Avoids or mitigates impacts and costs.</li>\n<li>Speeds recovery efforts and reduces further damage and losses.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Storm preparation and emergency planning can reduce severe weather and disaster-related costs by reducing the physical and financial toll from such events. For example, identify vulnerabilities that offer the greatest potential to reduce avoidable suffering.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Having a plan in place and supplies on hand for common emergencies and disasters helps to avoid or mitigate potential impacts and to support recovery efforts. Prepared individuals can react quickly and safely to situations, reduce stress on local emergency responders and resources, and support local community outreach.</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-emergency-water-supply-and-storage/\">Emergency Water Supply and Storage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-storage-and-back-up-power-generation/\">Energy Storage and Backup Power Generation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-solar-islanding-and-microgrid-ready-solar-pv/\">Solar Islanding and Microgrid-Ready Solar PV</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.readyrating.org/\">American Red Cross Ready Rating</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.ready.gov/\">Be Ready Campaign</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/prepareyourhealth/index.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcpr%2Fareyouprepared%2Findex.htm\">Center for Disease Control and Prevention – Center for Preparedness and Response</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.fema.gov/\">Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ibhs.org/\">Institute for Business and Home Safety</a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://disastersafety.org/fortified/\">FORTIFIED Home Building Standards</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.safehome.org/resources/emergency-prep-guide/\">Safe Home</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ready.nj.gov/\">State of New Jersey Office of Emergency Management</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/RELi_Dec_2018-FINAL.pdf\">RELi 2.0 Rating Guidelines for Resilient Design + Construction – HP: Hazard Preparedness</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.security.org/home-security-systems/what-is-a-home-security-system/\">Security Baron</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Storm Preparation and Emergency Planning','','inherit','closed','closed','','1358-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:43:41','2022-06-23 18:43:41','',1358,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2586',0,'revision','',0),(2587,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:27','2022-06-23 18:46:27','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Active Living?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Active Living</b></strong></h2>\n<p>A first step to implementing active living into everyday life includes selecting a location or residential developments that include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed land use neighborhoods.</li>\n<li>Pedestrian-friendly designs with traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Continuous bike networks and bicycle infrastructure such as indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>A pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists with pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Public spaces designed to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Access to healthy food such as local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>Smaller parking lots located in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into home design:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Designing inviting and easy to access outdoor spaces that encourage time spent in nature.</li>\n<li>Incorporating space for exercising and for storage of active lifestyle equipment and gear (e.g., wall mounted bicycle storage, mudroom lockers).</li>\n<li>Providing a front porch to promote neighborhood interaction.</li>\n<li>Incorporating easy to maintain gardens on rooftops, courtyards or patio spaces that promote homegrown herbs, fruits, and vegetables.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden, that address community health through a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a critical factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are essential sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Leadership for Healthy Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a><span> </span>(accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Waters, Hugh, and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-edible-landscaping/\">Edible Landscaping</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1368-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:27','2022-06-23 18:46:27','',1368,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2587',0,'revision','',0),(2588,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:28','2022-06-23 18:46:28','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1565-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:28','2022-06-23 18:46:28','',1565,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2588',0,'revision','',0),(2589,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:29','2022-06-23 18:46:29','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','2169-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:29','2022-06-23 18:46:29','',2169,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2589',0,'revision','',0),(2590,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:54','2022-06-23 18:46:54','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Active Living?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Active Living</b></strong></h2>\n<p>A first step to implementing active living into everyday life includes selecting a location or residential developments that include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed land use neighborhoods.</li>\n<li>Pedestrian-friendly designs with traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Continuous bike networks and bicycle infrastructure such as indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>A pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists with pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Public spaces designed to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Access to healthy food such as local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>Smaller parking lots located in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into home design:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Designing inviting and easy to access outdoor spaces that encourage time spent in nature.</li>\n<li>Incorporating space for exercising and for storage of active lifestyle equipment and gear (e.g., wall mounted bicycle storage, mudroom lockers).</li>\n<li>Providing a front porch to promote neighborhood interaction.</li>\n<li>Incorporating easy to maintain gardens on rooftops, courtyards or patio spaces that promote homegrown herbs, fruits, and vegetables.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden, that address community health through a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a critical factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are essential sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Leadership for Healthy Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a><span> </span>(accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Waters, Hugh, and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-edible-landscaping/\">Edible Landscaping</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1368-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:54','2022-06-23 18:46:54','',1368,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2590',0,'revision','',0),(2591,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:54','2022-06-23 18:46:54','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1565-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:54','2022-06-23 18:46:54','',1565,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2591',0,'revision','',0),(2592,3,'2022-06-23 18:46:55','2022-06-23 18:46:55','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','2169-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:46:55','2022-06-23 18:46:55','',2169,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2592',0,'revision','',0),(2593,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:01','2022-06-23 18:47:01','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Active Living?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Active Living</b></strong></h2>\n<p>A first step to implementing active living into everyday life includes selecting a location or residential developments that include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed land use neighborhoods.</li>\n<li>Pedestrian-friendly designs with traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Continuous bike networks and bicycle infrastructure such as indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>A pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists with pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Public spaces designed to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Access to healthy food such as local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>Smaller parking lots located in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into home design:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Designing inviting and easy to access outdoor spaces that encourage time spent in nature.</li>\n<li>Incorporating space for exercising and for storage of active lifestyle equipment and gear (e.g., wall mounted bicycle storage, mudroom lockers).</li>\n<li>Providing a front porch to promote neighborhood interaction.</li>\n<li>Incorporating easy to maintain gardens on rooftops, courtyards or patio spaces that promote homegrown herbs, fruits, and vegetables.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden, that address community health through a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a critical factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are essential sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Leadership for Healthy Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a><span> </span>(accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Waters, Hugh, and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-edible-landscaping/\">Edible Landscaping</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1368-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:01','2022-06-23 18:47:01','',1368,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2593',0,'revision','',0),(2594,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:02','2022-06-23 18:47:02','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1565-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:02','2022-06-23 18:47:02','',1565,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2594',0,'revision','',0),(2595,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:03','2022-06-23 18:47:03','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','2169-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:03','2022-06-23 18:47:03','',2169,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2595',0,'revision','',0),(2596,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:13','2022-06-23 18:47:13','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Active Living?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Active Living</b></strong></h2>\n<p>A first step to implementing active living into everyday life includes selecting a location or residential developments that include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed land use neighborhoods.</li>\n<li>Pedestrian-friendly designs with traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Continuous bike networks and bicycle infrastructure such as indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>A pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists with pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Public spaces designed to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Access to healthy food such as local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>Smaller parking lots located in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into home design:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Designing inviting and easy to access outdoor spaces that encourage time spent in nature.</li>\n<li>Incorporating space for exercising and for storage of active lifestyle equipment and gear (e.g., wall mounted bicycle storage, mudroom lockers).</li>\n<li>Providing a front porch to promote neighborhood interaction.</li>\n<li>Incorporating easy to maintain gardens on rooftops, courtyards or patio spaces that promote homegrown herbs, fruits, and vegetables.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden, that address community health through a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a critical factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are essential sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a><span> </span>(accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a><span> </span>Leadership for Healthy Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a><span> </span>Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a><span> </span>(accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a><span> </span>Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.”<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a><span> </span>(accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a><span> </span>Waters, Hugh, and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a><span> </span>Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities.<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20181121145430/http://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-alternative-transportation/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-edible-landscaping/\">Edible Landscaping</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.cclr.org/\">Center for Creative Land Recycling</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/state/planning/spc-redevelopment-brownfields-task-force.html\">NJ Brownfields Redevelopment Task Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/brownfields/\">NJ DEP Office of Brownfield Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/finance/hdsrf/hdsrf_chart.htm\">NJ DEP Brownfield Remediation and Reuse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/kcsnj/\">New Jersey Known Contaminated Sites</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-12/documents/state_brownfields_voluntary_response_program_report_508_11-2017_web.pdf\">US EPA State Brownfields and Voluntary Response Programs, New Jersey</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1368-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:13','2022-06-23 18:47:13','',1368,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2596',0,'revision','',0),(2597,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:13','2022-06-23 18:47:13','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20181121145430/http://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','1565-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:13','2022-06-23 18:47:13','',1565,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2597',0,'revision','',0),(2598,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:14','2022-06-23 18:47:14','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Active Living\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>What is Active Living?</h2>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity on a daily basis to promote physical and mental well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Many adults do not meet the Surgeon General’s recommendations for regular physical activity, mainly because driving replaces walking and biking as the primary mode of transportation.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Some of this change is due to individual decisions. Another explanation is the built environment; many communities lack sidewalks and bike lanes and other amenities that would otherwise promote active living.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> The settings where people spend their time – work, home, and school, for example – influence daily behaviors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Active living incorporates physical activity into daily routines, such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Playing in the park</li>\n<li>Taking the stairs</li>\n<li>Using recreation facilities</li>\n<li>Walking or bicycling for exercise, pleasure, or transportation</li>\n<li>Working in the yard</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active design contributes to public health initiatives and also has positive environmental effects. Strategies that increase the physical activity – such as promoting walking over driving, stairs over elevator usage and recreation over stationary activities such as video games – all also tend to lower energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Active living design provides access by people of all ages and varying mobility.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_167\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"572\"]<img class=\"wp-image-167 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Active-Living-Fig-1-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)\" width=\"572\" height=\"454\" /> Figure 1 – Children walking to school (Source: Voorhees Transportation Center)[/caption]\n<h2>How to Implement Active Living</h2>\n<p>Design strategies that contribute to active living should be considered early in project development and an integrated design process will optimize opportunities and help minimize costs.  Equitable planning is key as “healthy” communities are often limited to those who can afford them. Communities of color and immigrant populations are increasingly occupying suburbs that often have limited safe and accessible walking and biking options.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a> Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States face health disparities including higher rates of chronic disease.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>  The NJ Department of Health’s State Health Assessment Data (<a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/health/shad\">NJSHAD</a>) provides searchable data about the health of the population in NJ that can help inform decision-making. Key recommended measures for implementing active living in developing a site include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop mixed land use in neighborhoods and maintain existing mixed conditions.</li>\n<li>Incorporate pedestrian-friendly design including traffic calming features, landscaping, lighting, benches, and water fountains.</li>\n<li>Create continuous bike networks and incorporate bicycle infrastructure including indoor and outdoor bike parking accommodations.</li>\n<li>Ensure a pleasant, safe and secure outdoor environment for pedestrians and cyclists by including, pedestrian-scale lighting, entrances that are easy to see and access from cross streets, ADA accessible sidewalks and ramps, and ground floor windows that provide “eyes on the street.”</li>\n<li>Provide easy access to open spaces, parks, plazas, public buildings, recreational facilities, schools, and trails.</li>\n<li>Design public spaces to accommodate a wide range of public uses.</li>\n<li>Improve access to public transit and multi-modal transit hubs.</li>\n<li>Improve the access and availability of healthy food by providing easy access to local grocery stores and farmer’s markets.</li>\n<li>De-emphasize motor vehicle parking, avoid expansive parking lots, and locate necessary parking in areas away from primary pedestrian traffic.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are also steps that can be taken to incorporate active living into building design. Steps that architects can take to promote physical activity within their structures incorporate some of the following:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encouraging stair use by placing the main stairway in a convenient location for everyday use as well as signage encouraging the use of stairs over elevators. Stairs should also be designed to be visually pleasing and inviting with ample daylight or electrical lighting.</li>\n<li>Incorporating exercise facilities in easily visible locations as well as providing locker rooms, showers, drinking fountains, and bicycle storage.</li>\n<li>Designing the building exterior and envelope to contribute to a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and including a variety of entries and canopies.</li>\n<li>Improving the access and availability of healthy food by providing on-site gardens on rooftops, in courtyards or on patio spaces.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.gethealthycamden.com/\">Get Healthy Camden</a></p>\n<p>Get Healthy Camden is working to building a culture of health in the City of Camden. The organization implements programs related to healthy eating, healthy living, and active living. These programs grew from the blueprint developed by Get Healthy Camden to address community health with an action plan that includes adopting a “comprehensive citywide wellness policy that consists of policies and systems that create walking and biking paths, parks and open space, healthy and affordable food outlets, and that makes Camden an environment that supports daily physical activity and nutrition.”<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Active living can provide both short and long-term benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Short-term benefits include:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>increased ease performing daily activities such as climbing stairs</li>\n<li>increased energy and the ability to cope with stress</li>\n<li>improved sleep</li>\n<li>decreased risk of depression</li>\n<li>improvements in student performance, including grades and standardized test scores<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Potential long-term benefits include reduced risk for specific health problems such as:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>back pain</li>\n<li>high blood pressure</li>\n<li>obesity and obesity-related diseases</li>\n<li>anxiety and depression</li>\n<li>cancer <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Active living can also reduce reliance on automobiles and promote increased positive/personal interaction in the community.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost to implement active living strategies depends on a variety of factors. As with any community design process, some costs include collecting data from the neighborhood as well as the implementation costs of various programs such as walking clubs or bicycle recycle initiatives.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> These costs are dependent on the existing design of a community as well as the population within it and their willingness to volunteer their time and resources to active living.</p>\n<p>An integrated design process and considering active living design strategies from the start can minimize costs regardless of project scale. A study released in 2018 identified the total cost of chronic diseases related to individuals identified as obese or overweight was $1.72 trillion or 9.3% of the United States gross domestic product (GDP).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Active living can have long-term positive impacts on public health that reduce costs on a community scale.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Health is a key factor in community resilience, defined as the sustained ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Active living helps promote a healthier community of people who are better able to endure and recover from a disaster or emergency event. Accessible public spaces help develop community connections that are important sources of support during emergencies.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a> CDC. Adult Obesity – Causes &amp; Consequences.  <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html\">https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a> Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. “Active Living Resource Center.” <a href=\"https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128\">https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/program_results_reports/2011/rwjf69128</a> (accessed September 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a>Aces Connection. Resilient Communities are Healthy Communities. <a href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities\">https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/resilient-communities-are-healthy-communities</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a> National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity.  <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a> New York City Department of Design and Construction. “Active Design Guidelines.” <a href=\"https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/\">https://www.fitwel.org/centerforactivedesign/</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a> Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\"><sup>[11]</sup></a> New Jersey Health Initiatives. 2016. Get Healthy Camden – A Partnership for Healthy Kids Program <a href=\"https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf\">https://www.njhi.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Get-Healthy-Camden_NJHI-Blueprint_v2_FULL.pdf</a> (accessed January 7, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\"><sup>[12]</sup></a> US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Importance of Physical Activity <a href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html\">https://www.hhs.gov/fitness/be-active/importance-of-physical-activity/index.html</a> (accessed January 6. 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Leadership for Healthy Communities. <a href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx\">http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/leadership-for-healthy-communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 5, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\"><sup>[14]</sup></a> Warburton, D.E., Whitney Nicol, C., Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Can. Med. Assoc. J., Mar 2006; 174: 801 – 809</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\"><sup>[15]</sup></a>  US Dept. of Health and Human Services. Active Living. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html</a> (accessed January 5, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\"><sup>[16]</sup></a> Active Living By Design. “5P Strategies and Tactics.” <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130812192814/http://activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics\">http://www.activelivingbydesign.org/our-approach/5p-strategies-tactics</a> (accessed March 18, 2011).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\"><sup>[17]</sup></a> Waters, Hugh and Marlon Graf. America’s Obesity Crisis: The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190330215843/https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944\">https://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/944</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-active-living/#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\"><sup>[18]</sup></a> Public Health Emergency. Build and Sustain Healthy, Resilient Communities. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20181121145430/http://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx\">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/authority/nhss/Pages/communities.aspx</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-active-living/\">Alternative Transportation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-flexible-workspaces/\">Flexible Work Spaces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.activelivingresearch.org/\">Active Living Research</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.asla.org/sustainablelandscapes/Vid_ActiveLiving.html\">American Society of Landscape Architects – Designing for Active Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://centerforactivedesign.org\">Center for Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://chnj.njpn.org/focus-areas/active-living-and-healthy-eating/\">Coalition for a Healthy New Jersey – Active Living &amp; Healthy Living</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://46u0j30o449zq8181dfurbcj-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FitCity10_Report_101615_SinglePg_Final_299.pdf\">FitCity10 – Promoting Physical Activity through Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://healthyplacesbydesign.org\">Healthy Places by Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.bikewalk.org/pdfs/2010/IPA_full.pdf\">Increasing Physical Activity Through Community Design: A Guide for Public Health Practitioners and Livable Community Advocates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.asla.org/contentdetail.aspx?id=23888\">Livable Communities Resource Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://njbikeped.org/complete-streets-2/\">NJ Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.njhcn.org\">NJ Healthy Community Network</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/active-design.page&lt;/a\">New York City Department of Design and Construction – Active Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.state.nj.us/health/chs/hnj2020/\">State of NJ Department of Health – Healthy New Jersey 2020</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.sustainablejersey.com/actions-certification/actions/?type=1336777436&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5BactionObject%5D=37&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Baction%5D=getPDF&amp;tx_sjcert_action%5Bcontroller%5D=Action&amp;cHash=7e527b7b529d8e87b7cae5ad2c9a5b74\">Sustainable Jersey – Building Healthier Communities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190415175314/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/priorities/prevention/strategy/active-living.html\">US Department of Health and Human Services – Active Living</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Active Living','','inherit','closed','closed','','2169-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:14','2022-06-23 18:47:14','',2169,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2598',0,'revision','',0),(2599,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:21','2022-06-23 18:47:21','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Biophilic Design?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></sup><span> </span>The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n<p><u>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a></u></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em><i><span> </span>“Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</i></em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_69\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"606\"]<img class=\"wp-image-69 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-Biophillic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Biophilic design connects the interior with the outdoors through well-placed windows and views (Source: Jennifer Souder)\" width=\"606\" height=\"412\" /> Figure 1 – Biophilic design connects the interior with the outdoors through well-placed windows and views (Source: Jennifer Souder)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Biophilic Design</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see<span> </span><em><i>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</i></em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<p>Incorporate biophilic design into the home through strategies such as the simple addition of indoor plants or large well-placed windows that provide visual connections to the outdoors. Design a green home with porches, patios or decks that provide access to the outdoors. Place hedges, fences, larger plants, gazebos or gliders in the backyard to create different outdoor spaces to enjoy and create an extension of the home. These outdoor activity areas can include spaces for play, meditation, and outdoor dining. Biophilic design promotes a connection to the daily and seasonal changes in the natural world and incorporates elements such as local views, natural materials, plants, water, and natural light as well as ventilation for the home.</p>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><u><a href=\"https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html\">Optimum Performance Home – Sea Ranch, California</a></u><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>The design of the Optimum Performance Home at Sea Ranch, California, incorporates dynamic natural light throughout the primary living spaces oriented east, west, and south. Materials used in the interior of the home change textures as natural light phases in, out and across the home during the day. The orientation of the home provides cross ventilation of fresh air from the Pacific Ocean breeze through the use of the windows, doors, and operable skylights. Distant views of the Pacific Ocean from inside and outside spaces within the home visually link the home to its surrounding beach location. Multiple transition areas such as covered walkways, courtyard, decks, and a garden that visually and physically extends the livable space into the natural environment enhance free-flowing movement between indoor and outdoor spaces. Although based upon a home in California, similar biophilic design elements work or an east coast home.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see<span> </span><em><i>Resources</i></em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. A common biophilic design feature, such as daylighting provides resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions during grid outages. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see<span> </span><em><i>Thermal Mass</i></em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Lighting Research Center. <span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html\">https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.”<span> </span><em><i>New York Times</i></em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Heschong, Lisa.<span> </span><em><i>Daylighting in Schools</i></em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999.<span> </span><u><a href=\"http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Wilson, Alex.<span> </span><em><i>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature.<span> </span></i></em>Building Green, July 2006.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature </a></u>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-native-and-adapted-plants/\">Native and Adapted Plants</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-thermal-mass/\">Thermal Mass</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net/\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a><u></u></li>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. 2008.<span> </span><em><i>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</i></em><span> </span>John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005.<span> </span><em><i>Buildings for Life –<span> </span></i>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection.<span> </span></em>Island Press.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','1373-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:21','2022-06-23 18:47:21','',1373,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2599',0,'revision','',0),(2600,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:22','2022-06-23 18:47:22','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is Biophilic Design?</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical</p>\n<p>knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_571\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"468\"]<img class=\"wp-image-571 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).\" width=\"468\" height=\"670\" /> Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).[/caption]<p>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em> “Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Biophilic Design</strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see <em>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Sunlight and Water, Queens Botanical </a><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Garden (QBG) Visitor Center, Flushing, NY</a></p>\n<p>The QBG Visitor Center illustrates biophilic design with the windows in the first-floor corridor, which capture the sun reflecting off the rainwater harvest feature that runs along the exterior of the building. Depending on the time of day and amount of sunlight, an occupant of the building can see patterns of sunlight reflected on the interior walls and ceiling. The interplay between sun and water connects people inside to the changes in the outdoor environment throughout the day.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_596\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"500\"]<img class=\"wp-image-596 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" /> Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see <em>Resources</em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. Common biophilic design features such as daylighting provide resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions when the grid goes down due to environmental or other issues. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see <em>Thermal Mass</em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a> (accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed September 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.” <em>New York Times</em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section. <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Heschong, Lisa. <em>Daylighting in Schools</em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999. <a href=\"http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Wilson, Alex. <em>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature. </em>Building Green, July 2006. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature</a></p>\n<p>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness. <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-native-and-adapted-plants/\">Native and Adapted Plants</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-thermal-mass/\">Thermal Mass</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a>\n<ul>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. <em>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</em> John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005. <em>Buildings for Life – </em><em>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection. </em>Island Press.</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','1571-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:22','2022-06-23 18:47:22','',1571,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2600',0,'revision','',0),(2601,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:23','2022-06-23 18:47:23','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Views and Operable Windows\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What are Views and Operable Windows? </b></strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor environments impact occupant well-being and productivity. Aspects of the indoor environment such as access to views and natural light, connection to nature, and personal control over environmental conditions all play a role in occupant comfort (see<span> </span><em><i>Individual Comfort Controls</i></em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Access to views of the outside contributes to occupant well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Many studies have found that people value daylight and prefer to be near windows, and there is a growing understanding that being near a window can be psychologically and physiologically beneficial, mainly if views contain natural features. Visual contact with nature through window views enhances mood, reduces stress, and promotes a higher quality of life (see<span> </span><em><i>Biophilic Design</i></em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>A study by Roger Ulrich compared postoperative recovery rates of patients experiencing similar surgical procedures but having different window views of trees and a lake, no window views, or a view of a brick wall. The study found that the window view patients recovered significantly faster, required less pharmaceutical assistance, and had fewer post-operative complications, supporting the idea that enhanced opportunities for emotionally bonding with nature promote feelings of calm, confidence, and personal well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Operable windows can increase occupant comfort and provide psychological benefits through natural ventilation, connection to natural elements and individual control over the indoor environment (see<span> </span><em><i>Natural Ventilation</i></em>). Operable windows can also contribute to improved indoor air quality, depending on the quality of the outdoor air. Monitor outdoor air quality through resources such as the US EPA “Air Now” online tool (<a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/flag.\">airnow.gov</a>) that lists air quality conditions by zip code.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<ul></ul>\n<p><span></span></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_476\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"538\"]<img class=\"wp-image-476 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NR-Views-and-Operable-Windows-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Window with a view of natural features (Source: Flickr Saad Kadhi).\" width=\"538\" height=\"360\" /> Figure 1 – Window with a view of natural features (Source: Flickr Saad Kadhi).[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Incorporate Views and Operable Windows</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The factors that define indoor environmental quality connect directly to each other. For example, the decision about the placement or type of window can impact access to natural light, connection to the outdoors, acoustics, thermal comfort, occupant control, and air quality (see<span> </span><em><i>Energy-Efficient Windows</i></em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>It is essential to consider all of these components in the design phase of a project. There are many resources available regarding design steps to consider for the placement of operable windows and to optimize views (see<span> </span><strong><b>Resources<span> </span></b></strong>section).</p>\n<p>Typically homes have operable windows that provide homeowners with the option of opening and closing the windows.  With double glazed windows and screening, large windows can be used for aesthetics, daylighting and proper ventilation without unnecessary loss of heating and cooling. It is possible to have operable windows without wasting energy by integrating the HVAC system with a window switch. Whenever the system senses that the window is open, the heating and cooling air supply to that zone are turned off, allowing the open window to provide ventilation air while allowing the temperature to float. Using computer simulations, engineers have shown that natural ventilation coupled with a disabling of the HVAC system results in reduced energy use.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>\n<p>Although there are many benefits associated with operable windows, there are also tradeoffs to consider. For example, operable windows can increase the threat of water and air leakage without careful window selection, design, and installation (see<span> </span><em><i>Reduce Air Infiltration</i></em>). Operable windows can also increase noise and airborne pollutants in the interior space and make it harder to control thermal comfort with various types of HVAC systems (see<span> </span><em><i>Acoustic Control</i></em>).</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Incorporating views and operable windows:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enhances occupant comfort and health</li>\n<li>Increases access to daylight and window views, which is likely to have positive impacts on psychological functioning and well-being</li>\n<li>Reduces stress and promotes positive emotional states and may also influence cognitive functioning<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></li>\n<li>Reduces the need for mechanical ventilation</li>\n<li>Reduces energy use through increased daylighting</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>The cost of incorporating operable windows and maximizing views from interior spaces varies by project, and these aspects should be considered early in the design phase to optimize cost efficiencies. Operable windows are usually more expensive than static window units. Expect to pay approximately 20-percent more for fully operable windows vs. fixed windows. Price also changes by type of operable window – sliders are cheaper than casements, for example. Many factors affect cost and designers need to think holistically about the project. Operable windows can be used to offset mechanical ventilation costs and can allow for downsizing of mechanical systems. Installing a traditional mechanical HVAC unit in the home and installing operable windows can lead to inefficiencies in running the system if residents are not adequately aware of how to operate the home’s systems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>In the event of a fire or other emergency in the home, operable windows (depending on their size) can act as a point of egress for occupants and can also serve as an access point for firefighters and their lifesaving equipment, especially if any other exits are blocked off and inaccessible to the home’s occupants. Operable windows can also help provide natural ventilation and thermal comfort during a power outage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><em><i>Promote Health and Well Being</i></em><span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a>  (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Occupant Comfort.<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a>(accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D.<span> </span><em><i>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity.<span> </span></i></em>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Ulrich, Roger S.<span> </span><em><i>View Through a Window May Influence Recovery from Surgery.<span> </span></i></em>The Center for Health Design.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf\">https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>US EPA. AirNow.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/\">https://www.airnow.gov</a><span> </span>(accessed December 12, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>California Sustainable Design Training. IEQ.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf</a><span> </span> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>Facilitiesnet.  Operable Windows can save Energy. <span> </span><a href=\"http://www.facilitiesnet.com/windowsexteriorwalls/article/Operable-Windows-Can-Save-Energy--10284\">http://www.facilitiesnet.com/windowsexteriorwalls/article/Operable-Windows-Can-Save-Energy–10284</a><span> </span>(accessed October 17, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a>. Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D.<span> </span><em><i>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity.</i></em><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Buildings. “A Breath of Fresh Air.”<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a><span> </span>(accessed April 21, 2010).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Building Green. Resilient Design: Natural Cooling.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling</a><span> </span>(accessed January 12, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Acoustic Control</li>\n<li>Air Infiltration Reduction</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-individual-comfort-controls/\">Individual Comfort Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.efficientwindows.org/\">Efficient Window Collaborative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Building Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Views and Operable Windows','','inherit','closed','closed','','2055-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:23','2022-06-23 18:47:23','',2055,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2601',0,'revision','',0),(2602,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:24','2022-06-23 18:47:24','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What is Biophilic Design?</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical</p>\n<p>knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_571\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"468\"]<img class=\"wp-image-571 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).\" width=\"468\" height=\"670\" /> Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).[/caption]<p>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em> “Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Biophilic Design</strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see <em>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Sunlight and Water, Queens Botanical </a><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Garden (QBG) Visitor Center, Flushing, NY</a></p>\n<p>The QBG Visitor Center illustrates biophilic design with the windows in the first-floor corridor, which capture the sun reflecting off the rainwater harvest feature that runs along the exterior of the building. Depending on the time of day and amount of sunlight, an occupant of the building can see patterns of sunlight reflected on the interior walls and ceiling. The interplay between sun and water connects people inside to the changes in the outdoor environment throughout the day.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_596\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"500\"]<img class=\"wp-image-596 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" /> Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see <em>Resources</em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. Common biophilic design features such as daylighting provide resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions when the grid goes down due to environmental or other issues. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see <em>Thermal Mass</em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a> (accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed September 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.” <em>New York Times</em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section. <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Heschong, Lisa. <em>Daylighting in Schools</em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999. <a href=\"http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Wilson, Alex. <em>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature. </em>Building Green, July 2006. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature</a></p>\n<p>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness. <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.eduec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a>\n<ul>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. <em>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</em> John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005. <em>Buildings for Life – </em><em>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection. </em>Island Press.</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','2176-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:24','2022-06-23 18:47:24','',2176,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2602',0,'revision','',0),(2603,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:26','2022-06-23 18:47:26','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Views and Operable Windows\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Why Incorporate Views and Operable Windows?</h2>\n<p>Indoor environments impact occupant well-being and productivity. Aspects of the indoor environment such as access to views and natural light, connection to nature, and personal control over environmental conditions all play a role in occupant comfort (see <em>Individual Comfort Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Access to views of the outside contributes to occupant well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Many studies have found that people value daylight and prefer to be near windows, and there is an increasing understanding that being near a window can be psychologically and physiologically beneficial, mainly if views contain natural features. Visual contact with nature through window views enhances mood, reduces stress, and promotes a higher quality of life (see <em>Biophilic Design</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> A study by Roger Ulrich compared postoperative recovery rates of patients experiencing similar surgical procedures but having different window views of trees and a lake, no window views, or a view of a brick wall. The study found that the window view patients recovered significantly faster, required less pharmaceutical assistance, and had fewer post-operative complications, supporting the idea that enhanced opportunities for emotionally bonding with nature promote feelings of calm, confidence, and personal well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Operable windows can increase occupant comfort and provide psychological benefits through natural ventilation, connection to natural elements and individual control over the indoor environment (see <em>Natural Ventilation</em>). Operable windows can also contribute to improved indoor air quality, depending on the quality of the outdoor air. Monitor outdoor air quality through resources such as the US EPA “Air Now” online tool (<a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/flag.\">airnow.gov</a>) that lists air quality conditions by zip code.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>One study compared naturally ventilated buildings (i.e., occupant-controlled operable windows) with centrally controlled HVAC systems (in which occupants had no control over their environment) found that occupants in the naturally ventilated buildings accepted a full range of temperatures compared to occupants who did not have operable windows. One hypothesis for this finding is that occupants with greater control over the indoor environment have a higher tolerance of temperature range.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_525\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"544\"]<img class=\"wp-image-525 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Views-and-Operable-Windows-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Office with operable windows and view of trees (Source: Flickr drewsaunders http://www.flickr.com/photos/drewbsaunders/116533602/ ).\" width=\"544\" height=\"410\" /> Figure 1 – Office with operable windows and view of trees (Source: Flickr drewsaunders http://www.flickr.com/photos/drewbsaunders/116533602/ ).[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Views and Operable Windows </strong></h2>\n<p>The factors that define indoor environmental quality connect directly to each other. For example, the decision about the placement or type of window can impact access to natural light, connection to the outdoors, acoustics, thermal comfort, occupant control, and air quality (see <em>Windows and Skylights</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> It is essential to consider all of these components in the design phase of a project. There are many resources available regarding design steps to consider for the placement of operable windows and to optimize views (see <strong>Resources </strong>section). Incorporating views and operable windows in existing buildings involves complex interactions among multiple building systems and disciplines, requiring an integrated design process. Renovations provide an opportunity to assess current views and window performance and to identify opportunities for improvement.</p>\n<p>Although there are many benefits associated with operable windows, they can also increase the threat of water and air leakage without careful window selection, design, and installation (see <em>Air Infiltration Reduction</em>). Operable windows can also increase noise and airborne pollutants in the interior space and make it harder to control thermal comfort with various types of HVAC systems (see <em>Acoustic Comfort</em>). Facilities staff and building occupants should be aware of the limitations and issues that can arise from operable window use and methods to mitigate these issues (see <strong>Resources</strong>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://architypereview.com/project/atlanticare-cancer-care-institute/\">AtlantiCare – The Cancer Institute, Egg Harbor Township, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>AtlantiCare designed and constructed its new Cancer Care Institute according to <a href=\"http://www.usgbc.org/\">US Green Building Council</a> LEED standards, achieving LEED Gold certification. The Cancer Institute was the first AtlantiCare building to achieve LEED certification.</p>\n<p>Highlights include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Natural lighting including an automatic light-monitoring system to reduce electricity usage.</li>\n<li>The facility features a natural theme, incorporating a healing arts program.</li>\n<li>Nature has been brought inside and trees are planted in several areas inside the facility.</li>\n<li>Three-quarters of the interior space provides natural daylight through the glass façade, skylights and large windows throughout the building.</li>\n</ul>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.hermanmiller.com/About-Us/Environmental-Advocacy/Green-Buildings\">The Herman Miller Building, Holland, Michigan.</a></p>\n<p>Although people prefer being in windowed rather than windowless spaces, the view itself has consequences for well-being. Studies have found that views of nature are especially beneficial and reduce stress, provide mental relief, improve the perceived quality of life, and improve emotional functioning. A case study of the Herman Miller building in Holland, Michigan, shows improvements in social functioning and sense of belonging associated with including break areas; a centrally located cafeteria; an interior, daylit and tree-lined “street”; and high levels of internal glazing that offered views into the street and interior spaces.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Incorporating views and operable windows:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enhances occupant comfort and health</li>\n<li>Increases occupant satisfaction</li>\n<li>Increases productivity<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></li>\n<li>Offers natural ventilation<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Increases access to daylight and window views which can improve psychological functioning and well-being of occupants</li>\n<li>Reduces stress and promotes positive emotional states and may also influence cognitive functioning<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The cost of incorporating operable windows and maximizing views from interior spaces vary by project, and these aspects should be considered early in the window upgrade phase to optimize cost efficiencies. Operable windows are generally more expensive than static windows. Expect to pay approximately 20-percent more for fully operable windows vs. fixed windows. Price also changes by type of operable window – sliders are cheaper than casements, for example. Many factors affect cost and designers need to think holistically about the project. Operable windows can be used to offset mechanical ventilation costs and can allow for downsizing fans (see <em>Properly-Sized, High-Performance HVAC Equipment and Controls</em>). Installing a traditional mechanical HVAC unit on the roof and installing operable windows can lead to inefficiencies in running the system if occupants are not adequately aware of how the building systems function.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>In the event of a fire or other emergency in the building, operable windows (depending on their size) can act as a point of egress for occupants and can also serve as an access point for firefighters and their lifesaving equipment, especially if any other exits are blocked off and inaccessible to the building’s occupants. Operable windows can also help provide natural ventilation and thermal comfort during a power outage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. <em>Promote Health and Well Being</em> <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a>  (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Occupant Comfort. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D. <em>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity. </em>Whole Building Design Guide. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Ulrich, Roger S. <em>View Through a Window May Influence Recovery from Surgery. </em>The Center for Health Design. <a href=\"https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf\">https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. AirNow. <a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov\">https://www.airnow.gov</a> (accessed December 12, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> ASHRAE. <a href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf\">http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> California Sustainable Design Training. IEQ. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Buildings.com “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> The American Institute of Architects (AIA). <a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/169\">www.aiatopten.org/node/169</a> (accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> California Sustainable Design Training. IEQ. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Buildings.com   “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D. <em>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity.</em> Whole Building Design Guide. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Buildings. “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed January 12, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> Building Green. Resilient Design: Natural Cooling. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-acoustic-comfort/\">Acoustic Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-air-infiltration/\">Air Infiltration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-windows-and-skylights/\">Windows and Skylights</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-individual-comfort-controls/\">Individual Comfort Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-natural-ventilation-2/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-properly-sized-high-performance-hvac-equipment-and-controls/\">Properly-Sized, High-Performance HVAC Equipment and Controls</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf\">ASHRAE. Operable Windows, Personal Control, and Occupant Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/242/occupant-comfort\">GSA – Sustainable Toolkit – Occupant Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Building Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/LEED%20v4%20BDC_07.2.18_current.pdf\">USGBC LEED for New Construction Version 4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Views and Operable Windows','','inherit','closed','closed','','2192-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:26','2022-06-23 18:47:26','',2192,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2603',0,'revision','',0),(2604,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:27','2022-06-23 18:47:27','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Incorporate Views and Operable Windows\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>Why Incorporate Views and Operable Windows?</strong></h2>\n<p>Indoor environments impact occupant well-being and productivity. Aspects of the indoor environment such as access to views and natural light, connection to nature, and personal control over environmental conditions all play a role in occupant comfort (see <em>Individual Comfort Controls</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Access to views of the outside contributes to occupant well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Many studies have found that people value daylight and prefer to be near windows, and there is an increasing understanding that being near a window can be psychologically and physiologically beneficial, mainly if views contain natural features. Visual contact with nature through window views enhances mood, reduces stress, and promotes a higher quality of life (see <em>Biophilic Design</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a> A study by Roger Ulrich compared postoperative recovery rates of patients experiencing similar surgical procedures but having different window views of trees and a lake, no window views, or a view of a brick wall. The study found that the window view patients recovered significantly faster, required less pharmaceutical assistance, and had fewer post-operative complications, supporting the idea that enhanced opportunities for emotionally bonding with nature promote feelings of calm, confidence, and personal well-being.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<p>Operable windows can increase occupant comfort and provide psychological benefits through natural ventilation, connection to natural elements and individual control over the indoor environment (see <em>Natural Ventilation</em>). Operable windows can also contribute to improved indoor air quality, depending on the quality of the outdoor air. Monitor outdoor air quality through resources such as the US EPA “Air Now” online tool (<a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/flag.\">airnow.gov</a>) that lists air quality conditions by zip code.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>One study compared naturally ventilated buildings (i.e., occupant-controlled operable windows) with centrally controlled HVAC systems (in which occupants had no control over their environment) found that occupants in the naturally ventilated buildings accepted a full range of temperatures compared to occupants who did not have operable windows. One hypothesis for this finding is that occupants with greater control over the indoor environment have a higher tolerance of temperature range.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_525\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"544\"]<img class=\"wp-image-525 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Views-and-Operable-Windows-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Office with operable windows and view of trees (Source: Flickr drewsaunders http://www.flickr.com/photos/drewbsaunders/116533602/ ).\" width=\"544\" height=\"410\" /> Figure 1 – Office with operable windows and view of trees (Source: Flickr drewsaunders http://www.flickr.com/photos/drewbsaunders/116533602/ ).[/caption]\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Views and Operable Windows</strong></h2>\n<p>The factors that define indoor environmental quality connect directly to each other. For example, the decision about the placement or type of window can impact access to natural light, connection to the outdoors, acoustics, thermal comfort, occupant control, and air quality (see <em>Energy-Efficient Windows</em>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a> It is essential to consider all of these components in the design phase of a project. There are many resources available regarding design steps to consider for the placement of operable windows and to optimize views (see <strong>Resources </strong>section).</p>\n<p>Although there are many benefits associated with operable windows, they can also increase the threat of water and air leakage without careful window selection, design, and installation (see <em>Reduce Air Infiltration</em>). Operable windows can also increase noise and airborne pollutants in the interior space and make it harder to control thermal comfort with various types of HVAC systems (see <em>Acoustic Control</em>). Facilities staff and building occupants should be aware of the limitations and issues that can arise from operable window use and methods to mitigate these issues (see <strong>Resources</strong>).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<h3><strong>Examples</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://architypereview.com/project/atlanticare-cancer-care-institute/\">AtlantiCare – The Cancer Institute, Egg Harbor Township, NJ.</a></p>\n<p>AtlantiCare designed and constructed its new Cancer Care Institute according to <a href=\"http://www.usgbc.org/\">US Green Building Council</a> LEED standards, achieving LEED Gold certification. The Cancer Institute was the first AtlantiCare building to achieve LEED certification.</p>\n<p>Highlights include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Natural lighting including an automatic light-monitoring system to reduce electricity usage.</li>\n<li>The facility features a natural theme, incorporating a healing arts program.</li>\n<li>Nature has been brought inside and trees are planted in several areas inside the facility.</li>\n<li>Three-quarters of the interior space provides natural daylight through the glass façade, skylights and large windows throughout the building.</li>\n</ul>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.hermanmiller.com/About-Us/Environmental-Advocacy/Green-Buildings\">The Herman Miller Building, Holland, Michigan.</a></p>\n<p>Although people prefer being in windowed rather than windowless spaces, the view itself has consequences for well-being. Studies have found that views of nature are especially beneficial and reduce stress, provide mental relief, improve the perceived quality of life, and improve emotional functioning. A case study of the Herman Miller building in Holland, Michigan, shows improvements in social functioning and sense of belonging associated with including break areas; a centrally located cafeteria; an interior, daylit and tree-lined “street”; and high levels of internal glazing that offered views into the street and interior spaces.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Incorporating views and operable windows:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enhances occupant comfort and health</li>\n<li>Increases occupant satisfaction</li>\n<li>Increases productivity<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></li>\n<li>Offers natural ventilation<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a></li>\n<li>Increases access to daylight and window views which can improve psychological functioning and well-being of occupants</li>\n<li>Reduces stress and promotes positive emotional states and may also influence cognitive functioning<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>The cost of incorporating operable windows and maximizing views from interior spaces vary by project, and these aspects should be considered early in the design phase to optimize cost efficiencies. Operable windows are generally more expensive than static windows. Expect to pay approximately 20-percent more for fully operable windows vs. fixed windows. Price also changes by type of operable window – sliders are cheaper than casements, for example. Many factors affect cost and designers need to think holistically about the project. Operable windows can be used to offset mechanical ventilation costs and can allow for downsizing fans (see <em>Properly-Sized HVAC Systems</em>). Installing a traditional mechanical HVAC unit on the roof and installing operable windows can lead to inefficiencies in running the system if occupants are not adequately aware of how the building systems function.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>In the event of a fire or other emergency in the building, operable windows (depending on their size) can act as a point of egress for occupants and can also serve as an access point for firefighters and their lifesaving equipment, especially if any other exits are blocked off and inaccessible to the building’s occupants. Operable windows can also help provide natural ventilation and thermal comfort during a power outage.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> Whole Building Design Guide. <em>Promote Health and Well Being</em> <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a>  (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> GSA. Sustainable Facilities Tool. Occupant Comfort. <a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being\">http://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/productive/promote-health-well-being</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D. <em>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity. </em>Whole Building Design Guide. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Ulrich, Roger S. <em>View Through a Window May Influence Recovery from Surgery. </em>The Center for Health Design. <a href=\"https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf\">https://www.healthdesign.org/sites/default/files/article-pdfs/Ulrich-1984-CHD-KPS.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. AirNow. <a href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/\">https://www.airnow.gov</a> (accessed December 12, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> ASHRAE. <a href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf\">http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> California Sustainable Design Training. IEQ. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Buildings.com “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> The American Institute of Architects (AIA). <a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/169\">www.aiatopten.org/node/169</a> (accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a> California Sustainable Design Training. IEQ. <a href=\"https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf\">https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/docs/cr/GreenBuilding/Training/StateManual/StateManual.pdf</a>  (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a> Buildings.com   “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a> Judith H. Heerwagen, Ph.D. <em>Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity.</em> Whole Building Design Guide. <a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf\">https://www.wbdg.org/files/pdfs/grn_bldgs_org_success.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a> Buildings. “A Breath of Fresh Air.” <a href=\"http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx\">http://www.buildings.com/ArticleDetails/tabid/3321/ArticleID/2749/Default.aspx</a> (accessed January 12, 2019)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]</a> Building Green. Resilient Design: Natural Cooling. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/blog/resilient-design-natural-cooling</a> (accessed January 12, 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-acoustic-control/\">Acoustic Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/\">Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-energy-efficient-windows/\">Energy-Efficient Windows</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-individual-comfort-controls/\">Individual Comfort Controls</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-properly-sized-hvac-equipment/\">Properly-Sized HVAC Equipment</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-sustainable-materials/\">Air Infiltration</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.16\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/research/pdf_files/Brager2004_OpWindows_Trans.pdf\">ASHRAE. Operable Windows, Personal Control, and Occupant Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/242/occupant-comfort\">GSA – Sustainable Toolkit – Occupant Comfort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Building Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/LEED%20v4%20BDC_07.2.18_current.pdf\">USGBC LEED for New Construction Version 4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Incorporate Views and Operable Windows','','inherit','closed','closed','','1718-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:27','2022-06-23 18:47:27','',1718,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2604',0,'revision','',0),(2605,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:33','2022-06-23 18:47:33','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>What is Biophilic Design?</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being.<sup><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a></sup><span> </span>The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n<p><u>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a></u></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em><i><span> </span>“Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</i></em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_69\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"606\"]<img class=\"wp-image-69 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NR-Biophillic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Biophilic design connects the interior with the outdoors through well-placed windows and views (Source: Jennifer Souder)\" width=\"606\" height=\"412\" /> Figure 1 – Biophilic design connects the interior with the outdoors through well-placed windows and views (Source: Jennifer Souder)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong><b>How to Implement Biophilic Design</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see<span> </span><em><i>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</i></em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<p>Incorporate biophilic design into the home through strategies such as the simple addition of indoor plants or large well-placed windows that provide visual connections to the outdoors. Design a green home with porches, patios or decks that provide access to the outdoors. Place hedges, fences, larger plants, gazebos or gliders in the backyard to create different outdoor spaces to enjoy and create an extension of the home. These outdoor activity areas can include spaces for play, meditation, and outdoor dining. Biophilic design promotes a connection to the daily and seasonal changes in the natural world and incorporates elements such as local views, natural materials, plants, water, and natural light as well as ventilation for the home.</p>\n<h3><strong><b>Example</b></strong></h3>\n<p><u><a href=\"https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html\">Optimum Performance Home – Sea Ranch, California</a></u><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p>\n<p>The design of the Optimum Performance Home at Sea Ranch, California, incorporates dynamic natural light throughout the primary living spaces oriented east, west, and south. Materials used in the interior of the home change textures as natural light phases in, out and across the home during the day. The orientation of the home provides cross ventilation of fresh air from the Pacific Ocean breeze through the use of the windows, doors, and operable skylights. Distant views of the Pacific Ocean from inside and outside spaces within the home visually link the home to its surrounding beach location. Multiple transition areas such as covered walkways, courtyard, decks, and a garden that visually and physically extends the livable space into the natural environment enhance free-flowing movement between indoor and outdoor spaces. Although based upon a home in California, similar biophilic design elements work or an east coast home.</p>\n<h2><strong><b>Benefits</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p>\n<h2><strong><b>Costs</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see<span> </span><em><i>Resources</i></em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong><b>Resiliency</b></strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. A common biophilic design feature, such as daylighting provides resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions during grid outages. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see<span> </span><em><i>Thermal Mass</i></em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span> </span>International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span> </span>Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><sup>[3]</sup></a><span> </span>International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><sup>[4]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><sup>[5]</sup></a><span> </span>Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Lighting Research Center. <span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html\">https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/newsroom/enews/Apr07/Research361.html</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018)</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><sup>[6]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><sup>[7]</sup></a><span> </span>Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.”<span> </span><em><i>New York Times</i></em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><sup>[8]</sup></a><span> </span>Heschong, Lisa.<span> </span><em><i>Daylighting in Schools</i></em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20111220211747/http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a></u><span> </span>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><sup>[9]</sup></a><span> </span>Wilson, Alex.<span> </span><em><i>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature.<span> </span></i></em>Building Green, July 2006.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature </a></u>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-biophilic-design/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\"><sup>[10]</sup></a><span> </span>Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness.<span> </span><u><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a></u><span> </span>(accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-native-and-adapted-plants/\">Native and Adapted Plants</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-thermal-mass/\">Thermal Mass</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net/\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a><u></u></li>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. 2008.<span> </span><em><i>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</i></em><span> </span>John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005.<span> </span><em><i>Buildings for Life –<span> </span></i>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection.<span> </span></em>Island Press.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','1373-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:33','2022-06-23 18:47:33','',1373,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2605',0,'revision','',0),(2606,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:34','2022-06-23 18:47:34','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is Biophilic Design?</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical</p>\n<p>knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_571\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"468\"]<img class=\"wp-image-571 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).\" width=\"468\" height=\"670\" /> Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).[/caption]<p>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em> “Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Biophilic Design</strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see <em>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Sunlight and Water, Queens Botanical </a><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Garden (QBG) Visitor Center, Flushing, NY</a></p>\n<p>The QBG Visitor Center illustrates biophilic design with the windows in the first-floor corridor, which capture the sun reflecting off the rainwater harvest feature that runs along the exterior of the building. Depending on the time of day and amount of sunlight, an occupant of the building can see patterns of sunlight reflected on the interior walls and ceiling. The interplay between sun and water connects people inside to the changes in the outdoor environment throughout the day.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_596\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"500\"]<img class=\"wp-image-596 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" /> Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see <em>Resources</em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. Common biophilic design features such as daylighting provide resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions when the grid goes down due to environmental or other issues. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see <em>Thermal Mass</em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a> (accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed September 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.” <em>New York Times</em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section. <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Heschong, Lisa. <em>Daylighting in Schools</em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20111220211747/http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Wilson, Alex. <em>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature. </em>Building Green, July 2006. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature</a></p>\n<p>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness. <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-native-and-adapted-plants/\">Native and Adapted Plants</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-thermal-mass/\">Thermal Mass</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a>\n<ul>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. <em>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</em> John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005. <em>Buildings for Life – </em><em>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection. </em>Island Press.</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','1571-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:34','2022-06-23 18:47:34','',1571,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2606',0,'revision','',0),(2607,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:35','2022-06-23 18:47:35','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Biophilic Design\" subhead=\"Existing Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2><strong>What is Biophilic Design?</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design is related to the concept of biophilia, a term popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson, that suggests connections with the natural world enhance human physical and mental well-being. <a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> The biophilia hypothesis indicates that people have a biological affinity for nature, based on such an affinity’s evolutionary advantage. An affinity for the natural world can be broken down into nine categories representing different values and expressions of biophilia, including the natural world as a source of material utilization and exploitation, physical beauty and appeal, empirical</p>\n<p>knowledge and understanding, communication and thought, exploration and discovery, bonding and companionship, mastery and control, moral and spiritual connection, and fear and repression.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a> Biophilic design, which incorporates connections to natural systems and materials into the built environment, creates an opportunity for exercising and strengthening biophilic values, which in turn, opens the door to physical, intellectual, and emotional benefits.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_571\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"468\"]<img class=\"wp-image-571 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).\" width=\"468\" height=\"670\" /> Figure 1- A cathedral has many biophilic elements in the way in which it manipulates light and space and air, and material and shape and form, and color (Source: http://www.stanford.edu/~dorris/photos/ely3.jpg).[/caption]<p>Key Elements of Biophilic Design<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Environmental features</li>\n<li>Natural shapes and forms</li>\n<li>Natural patterns and processes</li>\n<li>Daylight and open space</li>\n<li>Place-based relationships</li>\n<li>Evolved human-nature relationships</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These biophilic design attributes are defined further in the book,<em> “Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life</em>” by Stephen R. Kellert, Judith Heerwagen, and Martin Mador.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Biophilic Design</strong></h2>\n<p>Specify biophilic design goals early in the design process and engage the entire project team. Biophilic design involves the use of local, natural materials, potted plants, courtyard gardens, views to nature, natural light and ventilation, water features, animals and aquariums, and blurring the boundaries between the building and the surrounding landscape (see <em>Views and Operable Windows, Native and Adapted Plants, Daylighting, Natural Ventilation</em>).</p>\n<p>Studies show that fractal patterns found in nature and natural patterns such as “waves, leaves in a breeze, fish swimming in an aquarium, or a flickering fire,” captivate people’s attention and induce states of relaxation far better than spaces and views without “visual richness” such as blank, white walls or tree-less streets.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a> Look to incorporate patterns found in nature through representational artwork, ornamentation, biomorphic forms and use of natural materials such as wood and stone.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Sunlight and Water, Queens Botanical </a><a href=\"http://www.aiatopten.org/node/127\">Garden (QBG) Visitor Center, Flushing, NY</a></p>\n<p>The QBG Visitor Center illustrates biophilic design with the windows in the first-floor corridor, which capture the sun reflecting off the rainwater harvest feature that runs along the exterior of the building. Depending on the time of day and amount of sunlight, an occupant of the building can see patterns of sunlight reflected on the interior walls and ceiling. The interplay between sun and water connects people inside to the changes in the outdoor environment throughout the day.</p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_596\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"500\"]<img class=\"wp-image-596 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NC-Biophilic-Design-Fig-2.png\" alt=\"Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" /> Figure 2 – QBG Rainwater harvest feature (Source: Jeff Goldberg, Esto)[/caption]\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>Many studies document the benefits of a connection to nature in the built environment. For example, studies point to positive gains in workplace productivity through increased mental focus and attention, enhanced cognitive functioning, reduced stress levels, greater worker satisfaction, elevated moods, and less sick days; views to nature result in shorter recovery rates in hospitals, and daylighting increases sales in retail buildings and improves test scores and accelerates learning rates in schools.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> For example, pain medication was requested 23 percent less with patients in hospital rooms with morning sunshine compared to rooms lacking natural light.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a> Another study showed that students with access to natural light from operable skylights improved 19-20% faster than students in classrooms without a skylight.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Recent studies that quantify the benefits of biophilic design elements in the built environment help advance biophilic design from an add-on to an integrated design strategy and profitable pursuit.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a> One peer-reviewed study by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC (see <em>Resources</em>) measures and quantifies the cost-benefits of biophilic design on the following indicators of productivity:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Illness and absenteeism</li>\n<li>Staff retention</li>\n<li>Job performance (mental stress/fatigue)</li>\n<li>Healing rates</li>\n<li>Classroom learning rates</li>\n<li>Retail sales</li>\n<li>Violence statistics</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Biophilic design can lead to a deeper connection to nature, which in turn, can foster an environmental ethic that supports ecological resilience by protecting the biological diversity of native plants and animals in a given area and enhancing the ability of the natural system to rebound after a disturbance. Common biophilic design features such as daylighting provide resiliency benefits by maintaining lighting levels for critical functions when the grid goes down due to environmental or other issues. The use of local materials supports local knowledge and resources for maintaining and rebuilding after storms. Natural materials such as stone provide strength and durability and also help in maintaining thermal comfort during power outages (see <em>Thermal Mass</em>). Biophilic design connects buildings to nature and links building systems to complex, natural systems that can adapt to changing conditions – a cornerstone of resiliency. Some of our most historic and beloved buildings incorporate biophilic design elements, supporting the notion that people and communities look to maintain and protect beautiful, timeless and inspiring buildings.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> International Living Building Institute. Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic design-overview/</a> (accessed January 4, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> Kellert, Stephen. “Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development.” Island Press, Shearwater Books. Washington, D.C. 1997. Page 3.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/</a> (accessed January 6, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed Sept 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed September 28, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> Sole-Smith, Virginia. “Nature on the Threshold.” <em>New York Times</em>, September 7, 2006, Home and Garden section. <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html\">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/garden/07bio.html</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> Heschong, Lisa. <em>Daylighting in Schools</em>. California Board for Energy Efficiency. 1999. <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20111220211747/http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf\">http://www.coe.uga.edu/sdpl/research/daylightingstudy.pdf</a> (accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> Wilson, Alex. <em>Biophilia in Practice: Buildings that Connect People with Nature. </em>Building Green, July 2006. <a href=\"https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature\">https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-practice-buildings-connect-people-nature</a></p>\n<p>(accessed September 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-biophilic-design/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a> Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. Biophilia – Why designing with nature in mind makes financial sense. Peer Review by Judith Heerwagen and Vivian Loftness. <a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter</a> (accessed January 4 2019).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.eduec-daylighting/\">Daylighting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-natural-ventilation/\">Natural Ventilation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/ec-views-and-operable-windows/\">Views and Operable Windows</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.biophilicdesign.net\">Biophilic Design – The Architecture of Life</a>\n<ul>\n<li>Heerwagen, Judith, Kellert, Stephen, Mador, Martin. <em>Biophilic Design: Theory, Research, and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life.</em> John Wiley.</li>\n<li>Kellert, Steven. 2005. <em>Buildings for Life – </em><em>Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection. </em>Island Press.</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://sftool.gov/learn/about/580/biophilic-design\">GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool – Biophilic Design</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211223204535/https://living-future.org/biophilic-design-overview/\">International Living Future Institute – Biophilic Design Initiative</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/the-economics-of-biophilia/#front-matter\">Terrapin Bright Green LLC – The Economics of Biophilia – Why designing with nature makes economic sense</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/resources/psychspace_value.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Psychosocial Value of Space</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','EC Biophilic Design','','inherit','closed','closed','','2176-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:35','2022-06-23 18:47:35','',2176,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2607',0,'revision','',0),(2608,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:42','2022-06-23 18:47:42','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is a Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan?</strong></h2>\n<p>A construction indoor air quality management plan is a step-by-step approach to protecting indoor air during construction and pre-occupancy. Several studies show that pollutant levels indoors are two to five times greater than outdoors. Poor indoor air quality can cause dizziness, asthma, fever, lung cancer and many other health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup>Implementing protective practices during the construction phase can help prevent poor indoor air quality.</p>\n<p>Strategies, such as protecting absorptive materials from exposure to moisture to prevent mold growth and using air filters when running equipment during the installation of interior duct systems or during power equipment use (sanding) reduces the risk of poor air quality. These strategies help to protect the workforce during construction, and building occupants after the structure is built (see<span> </span><em>Table 1</em><span> </span>for a list of conventional sources of air pollution).</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution</strong><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p><img class=\"wp-image-277 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Construction-IAQ-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution\" width=\"1388\" height=\"686\" /></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement a Construction IAQ Management Plan</strong></h2>\n<p>The Construction IAQ Management Plan is developed during the design phase and implemented at the outset of the construction phase (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). The IAQ plan also addresses the period between the completion of construction and occupancy. Control emissions during both construction and post-construction by selecting low-emitting materials whenever possible, holding off on installation of absorbent materials (e.g., carpet, ceiling tiles) until emissions from construction contaminants (e.g., oils, adhesives, paints) have subsided, increasing ventilation during periods of high emission, protecting ducts from dust and contaminants and delaying occupancy until emissions have dissipated. If occupants are present in the building, isolate construction contaminants by establishing a full enclosure around the construction zone, establishing negative pressure within containment zone with exhaust fans and making sure that contaminants don’t re-enter the building through open windows or HVAC system intakes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Also, the building should be flushed out before occupancy. Flush out involves forcing large quantities of outdoor air through the new building to remove pollutants before occupancy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health of the construction team (and building occupants if the building remains occupied) during the construction phase.</li>\n<li>Protects the health of the occupants following construction.</li>\n<li>Prevents potential health problems by reducing airborne contaminants.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>When combined with an integrated design process, developing and implementing an IAQ management plan is not a significant financial burden but requires extensive coordination with the project team.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a comprehensive construction IAQ management plan helps ensure the building and building systems begin operation without contaminants or elements that can degrade indoor air quality. Sound IAQ management contributes to operation efficiencies through protecting building systems and indoor environmental quality for occupants. Good indoor air quality and efficient operations help contribute to a building, building systems and building occupants’ ability to withstand, recover from and adapt to extreme or unpredictable events.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>See US EPA’s webpage on<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#SusHealth\">Health Effects</a><span> </span>due to poor indoor air quality for a list of identified illnesses. (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>Also see<span> </span><em>Health Impact<span> </span></em>at WHO’s webpage on<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs292/en/index.html\">Indoor Air Pollution and Health</a><span> </span>(accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Pollutants and Sources. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources</a><span> </span>(accessed December 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151014075428/http://www2.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building#cr52</a><span> </span>(accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air and Climate Readiness.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed December 18, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://iaq.ashrae.org/\">ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide</a></li>\n<li>US EPA\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-building-education-and-assessment-model\">iBeam</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq\">Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan','','inherit','closed','closed','','1379-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:42','2022-06-23 18:47:42','',1379,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2608',0,'revision','',0),(2609,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:43','2022-06-23 18:47:43','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is a Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan?</strong></h2>\n<p>A construction indoor air quality management plan is a step-by-step approach to protecting indoor air during construction and pre-occupancy. People who work in an office environment spend up to 90% of their day indoors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Several studies show that pollutant levels indoors are two to five times greater than outdoors. Poor indoor air quality can cause dizziness, asthma, fever, lung cancer and many other health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></sup>Implementing protective practices during the construction phase can help prevent poor indoor air quality.</p>\n<p>Strategies, such as protecting absorptive materials from exposure to moisture to prevent mold growth and using air filters when running equipment during the installation of interior duct systems or during power equipment use (sanding) reduces the risk of poor air quality. These strategies also protect the workforce during construction and building occupants after the structure is built (see <em>Table 1</em> for a list of conventional sources of air pollution).</p>\n<p>Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Pollutant</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\"><strong>Source</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Environmental tobacco smoke</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Other smokers</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Asbestos</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Insulating or fire-retardant building supplies</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong> </strong><strong>Biological contaminants</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Mold, pollen, People plus dirty/poorly-maintained ventilation systems or water-damaged walls</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Pesticides</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Pest-controlling chemicals</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Formaldehyde</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Pressed wood products and adhesives</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Particulate Matter</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Dust, dirt, soot, smoke</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Paints, adhesives, copying machines, air fresheners, and other cleaning materials and chemicals</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Other Gases</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Radon (entering a building through cracks from water and natural breakdown in rocks and soil), Carbon Monoxide (combustion, exhaust, heating systems)</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement a Construction IAQ Management Plan</strong></h2>\n<p>The Construction IAQ Management Plan is developed during the design phase and implemented at the outset of the construction phase (see <em>Integrated Design Process</em>). The IAQ plan also addresses the period between the completion of construction and occupancy. Control emissions during both construction and post-construction by selecting low-emitting materials whenever possible, holding off on installation of absorbent materials (e.g., carpet, ceiling tiles) until emissions from construction contaminants (e.g., oils, adhesives, paints) have subsided, increasing ventilation during periods of high emission, protecting ducts from dust and contaminants and delaying occupancy of unit until emissions have dissipated. If occupants are present in the building, it is vital to isolate construction contaminants by establishing a full enclosure around the construction zone, establishing negative pressure within containment zone with exhaust fans and making sure that contaminants don’t re-enter the building through open windows or HVAC system intakes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Also, the building should be flushed out before occupancy. Flush out involves forcing large quantities of outdoor air through the new building to remove pollutants before occupancy.  Recommendations for the duration of the flush-out period vary from 3 to 90 days.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>The following list includes some of the construction IAQ management elements outlined in the US Green Building Council’s LEED BD+C Rating System for the design and construction of commercial buildings. For more detailed information see <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits\">LEED Guidance</a>:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Meet or exceed the recommended control measures of the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association (SMACNA) 2007 IAQ Plan Guidelines. SMACNA includes measures such as covering ductwork and using low VOC materials.</li>\n<li>Prohibit tobacco use.</li>\n<li>Protect absorptive materials from moisture damage.</li>\n<li>When required to use permanently installed air-handlers during construction, use filtration media with a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 8 at each return air grille, as determined by ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2007 (with errata but without addenda 1). Replace all filtration media immediately before occupancy.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health of the construction team (and building occupants if the building remains occupied) during the construction phase.</li>\n<li>Protects the health of the occupants following construction.</li>\n<li>Prevents potential health problems by reducing airborne contaminants.</li>\n<li>Increases productivity of occupants through thermal comfort and proper ventilation.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>When combined with an integrated design process, developing and implementing an IAQ management plan is not a significant financial burden but requires extensive coordination with the project team.</p>\n<p><strong>Resiliency</strong></p>\n<p>Implementing a comprehensive construction IAQ management plan helps ensure the building and building systems begin operation without contaminants or elements that can degrade indoor air quality. Sound IAQ management contributes to operation efficiencies through protecting building systems and indoor environmental quality for occupants. Good indoor air quality and efficient operations help contribute to a building, building systems and building occupants’ ability to withstand, recover from and adapt to extreme or unpredictable events.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/inside-story-guide-indoor-air-quality\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/inside-story-guide-indoor-air-quality</a>  (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> See US EPA’s webpage on <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#SusHealth\">Health Effects</a> due to poor indoor air quality for a list of identified illnesses. (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Also see <em>Health Impact </em>at WHO’s webpage on <a href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs292/en/index.html\">Indoor Air Pollution and Health</a> (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Indoor Pollutants and Sources.  <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources</a> (accessed December 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151014075428/http://www2.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building#cr52</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Controlling Pollutants and Sources: Indoor Air Quality Design Tools for Schools. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/controlling-pollutants-and-sources-indoor-air-quality-design-tools-schools#AirOutandFlushOut\">https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/controlling-pollutants-and-sources-indoor-air-quality-design-tools-schools#AirOutandFlushOut</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S Green Building Council – LEED BD+C New Construction v4. Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits\">https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits</a> (accessed May 8, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Indoor Air and Climate Readiness. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf</a> (accessed December 18, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-sustainable-materials-2/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://iaq.ashrae.org/\">ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/indoorairquality/index.html\">US Department of Labor – Occupational Safety and Health Administration: IAQ</a></li>\n<li>US EPA\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-building-education-and-assessment-model\">iBeam </a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq\">Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/office-building-occupants-guide-indoor-air-quality\">Office Building Occupant’s Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan','','inherit','closed','closed','','1577-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:43','2022-06-23 18:47:43','',1577,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2609',0,'revision','',0),(2610,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:47','2022-06-23 18:47:47','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What is a Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan?</strong></h2>\n<p>A construction indoor air quality management plan is a step-by-step approach to protecting indoor air during construction and pre-occupancy. Several studies show that pollutant levels indoors are two to five times greater than outdoors. Poor indoor air quality can cause dizziness, asthma, fever, lung cancer and many other health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a></sup>Implementing protective practices during the construction phase can help prevent poor indoor air quality.</p>\n<p>Strategies, such as protecting absorptive materials from exposure to moisture to prevent mold growth and using air filters when running equipment during the installation of interior duct systems or during power equipment use (sanding) reduces the risk of poor air quality. These strategies help to protect the workforce during construction, and building occupants after the structure is built (see<span> </span><em>Table 1</em><span> </span>for a list of conventional sources of air pollution).</p>\n<p><strong>Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution</strong><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<p><img class=\"wp-image-277 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NR-Construction-IAQ-Table-1.png\" alt=\"Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution\" width=\"1388\" height=\"686\" /></p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>How to Implement a Construction IAQ Management Plan</strong></h2>\n<p>The Construction IAQ Management Plan is developed during the design phase and implemented at the outset of the construction phase (see<span> </span><em>Integrated Design Process</em>). The IAQ plan also addresses the period between the completion of construction and occupancy. Control emissions during both construction and post-construction by selecting low-emitting materials whenever possible, holding off on installation of absorbent materials (e.g., carpet, ceiling tiles) until emissions from construction contaminants (e.g., oils, adhesives, paints) have subsided, increasing ventilation during periods of high emission, protecting ducts from dust and contaminants and delaying occupancy until emissions have dissipated. If occupants are present in the building, isolate construction contaminants by establishing a full enclosure around the construction zone, establishing negative pressure within containment zone with exhaust fans and making sure that contaminants don’t re-enter the building through open windows or HVAC system intakes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a><span> </span>Also, the building should be flushed out before occupancy. Flush out involves forcing large quantities of outdoor air through the new building to remove pollutants before occupancy.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health of the construction team (and building occupants if the building remains occupied) during the construction phase.</li>\n<li>Protects the health of the occupants following construction.</li>\n<li>Prevents potential health problems by reducing airborne contaminants.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>When combined with an integrated design process, developing and implementing an IAQ management plan is not a significant financial burden but requires extensive coordination with the project team.</p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>Implementing a comprehensive construction IAQ management plan helps ensure the building and building systems begin operation without contaminants or elements that can degrade indoor air quality. Sound IAQ management contributes to operation efficiencies through protecting building systems and indoor environmental quality for occupants. Good indoor air quality and efficient operations help contribute to a building, building systems and building occupants’ ability to withstand, recover from and adapt to extreme or unpredictable events.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>See US EPA’s webpage on<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#SusHealth\">Health Effects</a><span> </span>due to poor indoor air quality for a list of identified illnesses. (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>Also see<span> </span><em>Health Impact<span> </span></em>at WHO’s webpage on<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs292/en/index.html\">Indoor Air Pollution and Health</a><span> </span>(accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Pollutants and Sources. <span> </span><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources</a><span> </span>(accessed December 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151014075428/http://www2.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building#cr52</a><span> </span>(accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-construction-indoor-air-quality-management/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>US EPA. Indoor Air and Climate Readiness.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed December 18, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-integrated-design-process/\">Integrated Design Process</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://iaq.ashrae.org/\">ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide</a></li>\n<li>US EPA\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190628205612/https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-building-education-and-assessment-model\">iBeam</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq\">Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan','','inherit','closed','closed','','1379-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:47','2022-06-23 18:47:47','',1379,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2610',0,'revision','',0),(2611,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:48','2022-06-23 18:47:48','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan\" subhead=\"New Commercial\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2><strong>What is a Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan?</strong></h2>\n<p>A construction indoor air quality management plan is a step-by-step approach to protecting indoor air during construction and pre-occupancy. People who work in an office environment spend up to 90% of their day indoors.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a> Several studies show that pollutant levels indoors are two to five times greater than outdoors. Poor indoor air quality can cause dizziness, asthma, fever, lung cancer and many other health problems.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><sup>,<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a></sup>Implementing protective practices during the construction phase can help prevent poor indoor air quality.</p>\n<p>Strategies, such as protecting absorptive materials from exposure to moisture to prevent mold growth and using air filters when running equipment during the installation of interior duct systems or during power equipment use (sanding) reduces the risk of poor air quality. These strategies also protect the workforce during construction and building occupants after the structure is built (see <em>Table 1</em> for a list of conventional sources of air pollution).</p>\n<p>Table 1: Common Sources of Indoor Air Pollution<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a></p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Pollutant</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\"><strong>Source</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Environmental tobacco smoke</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Other smokers</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Asbestos</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Insulating or fire-retardant building supplies</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong> </strong><strong>Biological contaminants</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Mold, pollen, People plus dirty/poorly-maintained ventilation systems or water-damaged walls</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Pesticides</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Pest-controlling chemicals</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Formaldehyde</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Pressed wood products and adhesives</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Particulate Matter</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Dust, dirt, soot, smoke</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Paints, adhesives, copying machines, air fresheners, and other cleaning materials and chemicals</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"229\"><strong>Other Gases</strong></td>\n<td width=\"361\">Radon (entering a building through cracks from water and natural breakdown in rocks and soil), Carbon Monoxide (combustion, exhaust, heating systems)</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<h2><strong>How to Implement a Construction IAQ Management Plan</strong></h2>\n<p>The Construction IAQ Management Plan is developed during the design phase and implemented at the outset of the construction phase (see <em>Integrated Design Process</em>). The IAQ plan also addresses the period between the completion of construction and occupancy. Control emissions during both construction and post-construction by selecting low-emitting materials whenever possible, holding off on installation of absorbent materials (e.g., carpet, ceiling tiles) until emissions from construction contaminants (e.g., oils, adhesives, paints) have subsided, increasing ventilation during periods of high emission, protecting ducts from dust and contaminants and delaying occupancy of unit until emissions have dissipated. If occupants are present in the building, it is vital to isolate construction contaminants by establishing a full enclosure around the construction zone, establishing negative pressure within containment zone with exhaust fans and making sure that contaminants don’t re-enter the building through open windows or HVAC system intakes.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a> Also, the building should be flushed out before occupancy. Flush out involves forcing large quantities of outdoor air through the new building to remove pollutants before occupancy.  Recommendations for the duration of the flush-out period vary from 3 to 90 days.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a></p>\n<p>The following list includes some of the construction IAQ management elements outlined in the US Green Building Council’s LEED BD+C Rating System for the design and construction of commercial buildings. For more detailed information see <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits\">LEED Guidance</a>:<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Meet or exceed the recommended control measures of the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association (SMACNA) 2007 IAQ Plan Guidelines. SMACNA includes measures such as covering ductwork and using low VOC materials.</li>\n<li>Prohibit tobacco use.</li>\n<li>Protect absorptive materials from moisture damage.</li>\n<li>When required to use permanently installed air-handlers during construction, use filtration media with a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 8 at each return air grille, as determined by ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2007 (with errata but without addenda 1). Replace all filtration media immediately before occupancy.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Protects the health of the construction team (and building occupants if the building remains occupied) during the construction phase.</li>\n<li>Protects the health of the occupants following construction.</li>\n<li>Prevents potential health problems by reducing airborne contaminants.</li>\n<li>Increases productivity of occupants through thermal comfort and proper ventilation.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>When combined with an integrated design process, developing and implementing an IAQ management plan is not a significant financial burden but requires extensive coordination with the project team.</p>\n<p><strong>Resiliency</strong></p>\n<p>Implementing a comprehensive construction IAQ management plan helps ensure the building and building systems begin operation without contaminants or elements that can degrade indoor air quality. Sound IAQ management contributes to operation efficiencies through protecting building systems and indoor environmental quality for occupants. Good indoor air quality and efficient operations help contribute to a building, building systems and building occupants’ ability to withstand, recover from and adapt to extreme or unpredictable events.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a> US EPA. The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/inside-story-guide-indoor-air-quality\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/inside-story-guide-indoor-air-quality</a>  (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a> See US EPA’s webpage on <a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidest.html#SusHealth\">Health Effects</a> due to poor indoor air quality for a list of identified illnesses. (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a> Also see <em>Health Impact </em>at WHO’s webpage on <a href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs292/en/index.html\">Indoor Air Pollution and Health</a> (accessed April 20, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a> US EPA. Indoor Pollutants and Sources.  <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-pollutants-and-sources</a> (accessed December 18, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a> US EPA. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151014075428/http://www2.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/renovation-and-new-construction-text-module-indoor-air-quality-building#cr52</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a> US EPA. Controlling Pollutants and Sources: Indoor Air Quality Design Tools for Schools. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/controlling-pollutants-and-sources-indoor-air-quality-design-tools-schools#AirOutandFlushOut\">https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/controlling-pollutants-and-sources-indoor-air-quality-design-tools-schools#AirOutandFlushOut</a> (accessed December 19, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a> U.S Green Building Council – LEED BD+C New Construction v4. Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan. <a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits\">https://www.usgbc.org/node/2615033?return=/credits</a> (accessed May 8, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-construction-indoor-air-quality-iaq-management-plan/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a> US EPA. Indoor Air and Climate Readiness. <a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf\">https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/climate_readiness.pdf</a> (accessed December 18, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nc-sustainable-materials-2/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" theme_builder_area=\"post_content\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://iaq.ashrae.org/\">ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/indoorairquality/index.html\">US Department of Labor – Occupational Safety and Health Administration: IAQ</a></li>\n<li>US EPA\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190628205612/https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-building-education-and-assessment-model\">iBeam </a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq\">Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/office-building-occupants-guide-indoor-air-quality\">Office Building Occupant’s Guide to Indoor Air Quality</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php\">Whole Building Design Guide – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NC Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan','','inherit','closed','closed','','1577-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:48','2022-06-23 18:47:48','',1577,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2611',0,'revision','',0),(2612,3,'2022-06-23 18:47:53','2022-06-23 18:47:53','[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" fullwidth=\"on\" _builder_version=\"3.22\" background_color=\"#f7f7f7\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=\"Non-toxic Materials\" subhead=\"New Residential\" text_orientation=\"center\" content_max_width=\"none\" _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" background_color=\"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\" background_layout=\"light\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\" button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=\"off\"][/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" width=\"90%\" max_width=\"1200px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||5px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2><strong>What are Non-toxic Materials?</strong></h2>\n<p>Non-toxic or low-emitting materials release relatively low levels of odorous, irritating, toxic, or hazardous substances unhealthy to building occupants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (including formaldehyde), particulates, and fibers include substances often emitted from building materials that can adversely impact human health.</p>\n<p>Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) contain carbon molecules and can vaporize from material surfaces into indoor air at average room temperatures (a process known as off-gassing).<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]</a><span> </span>A non-toxic material must meet different thresholds of VOC emissions compliance depending on the material.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]</a><span> </span>Found in many everyday products and building materials, VOCs can escape into the air and cause illness and allergic reactions. Studies have linked elevated levels of VOCs and interior pollutants to health concerns that cause eye, nose and throat irritation, headaches, loss of coordination, nausea, and other health problems.<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]</a><span> </span>People with respiratory problems, children, seniors and people with compromised immune systems are at higher risk to reactions from exposure than general population.</p>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"][caption id=\"attachment_428\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"452\"]<img class=\"wp-image-428 size-full\" src=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/NC-Safe-Non-Toxic-Materials-Fig-1.png\" alt=\"Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)\" width=\"452\" height=\"346\" /> Figure 1 – Paint cans (Source: Maury McCown)[/caption][/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<p>According to the EPA, concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times) than outdoors. Paints, sealants, manufactured wood products, and adhesives as well as some furnishings and carpet systems often release VOCs. Inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs such as stone, ceramic, powder-coated metals, plated or anodized metal, glass, concrete, clay, brick, and unfinished or untreated solid wood do not require VOC emissions testing if they do not include VOC emitting surface coatings, binders, or sealants.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]</a></p>\n<p>Formaldehyde (CH<sub>2</sub>O), a known carcinogen, is a colorless gas with a strong odor that can cause eye, nose, skin, and lung irritations. It forms an essential component of several polymers used in many building materials including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, and melamine resin. When selecting safe, non-toxic materials, avoid building materials and products containing formaldehyde resins. Pressed-wood products, such as particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, medium density fiberboard, glues and adhesives, permanent-press fabrics, paper product coatings, and specific insulation materials often use formaldehyde resins.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]</a><span> </span>More information about formaldehyde can be found through resources such as the<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/formaldehyde\">US EPA website</a>. If a formaldehyde-containing product is purchased, it should be aired out before it is used.</p>\n<h2><strong>How to Incorporate Non-toxic Materials</strong></h2>\n<p>Increased awareness about possible health risks and indoor air quality concerns have helped to expand the market for safe, non-toxic materials. Low-emitting material credit requirements by LEED and other green building certifications have led to a demand for products lower in VOCs and toxic chemicals.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]</a><span> </span>Several certification programs, standards, and criteria for selecting and evaluating sustainable materials include<span> </span><a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">GREENGUARD</a><span> </span>(indoor air quality certification),<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/green-label-plus/\">Green Label Plus</a><span> </span>(carpets/rugs),<span> </span><a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180929003530/http://www.greenseal.org/Home.aspx\">Green Seal</a>, and<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.scscertified.com/\">Scientific Certification Systems</a>.</p>\n<p>The definition of a “low” concentration of VOC emissions varies according to the product type. For example, for interior paints and coatings, low-VOC emitting products have concentrations below 50 g/L; a zero-VOC paint has fewer than 5 grams per liter.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]</a><span> </span>Paints and finishes come in either oil-based formulas or latex (water) based, which are generally less toxic and less VOC-emitting than oil-based paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Not all latex-based formulas are low in VOC’s, however, and a few oil-based products now qualify as low-VOC. For independent certifications and standards, see<span> </span><a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/\">greenseal.org</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a href=\"http://greenguard.org/en/index.aspx\">greenguard.org</a><span> </span>(which measures VOC emissions).</p>\n<p>There are many hard, low-formaldehyde flooring materials on the market. Formaldehyde occurs naturally in wood and making wood-containing flooring products are never 100% formaldehyde free. By using materials such as concrete and recycled tile, a homeowner can significantly reduce the amount of formaldehyde concentration in a home, while also preserving natural resources such as wood commonly used for flooring.</p>\n<p>If choosing to install new wood, consider salvaged wood or look for products that earn the<span> </span><a href=\"https://ic.fsc.org/en/choosing-fsc/fsc-labels\">Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certification label</a><span> </span>(see<span> </span><em>Sustainable Materials</em>). The FSC specializes in providing certification for wood products produced from sustainable harvesting practices that contain low levels of formaldehyde. FSC-certified wood floors do not include added urea-formaldehyde.</p>\n<h3><strong>Example</strong></h3>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.enterprisecommunity.org/download?fid=8172&amp;nid=3563\">Ewing Independent Living</a></p>\n<p>This project in Ewing, NJ is a 72-unit affordable community designed for those over 55 and adults with disabilities. Ewing Independent Living features many green elements including low VOC paints and adhesives.</p>\n<h2><strong>Benefits</strong></h2>\n<p>The selection of building material and furnishings have a significant impact on indoor environmental quality. Benefits of choosing low-emitting materials include:<span> </span><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]</a></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Improved indoor air quality.</li>\n<li>Improved worker safety and health.</li>\n<li>Reduced incidents of an eye and respiratory irritation, headaches, fatigue.</li>\n<li>Healthier environment for building occupants who are sensitive to specific products.</li>\n<li>Reduced pollution of groundwater and water supplies.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2><strong>Costs</strong></h2>\n<p>Many low-emitting materials are cost-competitive with conventional materials. Low/no-VOC paints typically cost about the same as conventional paints.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Many wood product manufacturers are replacing formaldehyde-based bonding resins with non-toxic substitutes. Cost impacts for such non-formaldehyde wood products can vary.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]</a></p>\n<h2><strong>Resiliency</strong></h2>\n<p>The use of non-toxic materials in building assemblies and furnishings can help to reduce the release of toxic chemicals when debris from buildings finds its way into the environment following storm surges, flooding, and high winds caused by natural disasters and severe storm events. For example, Superstorm Sandy generated over 8 million cubic yards of debris across the nine hardest-hit counties in New Jersey in only one day.<a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]</a><span> </span>Damaged and contaminated materials may include waterlogged drywall, plaster, insulation, flooring, carpets, mattresses, and upholstered furniture, that when put it into unlined landfills, can contaminate groundwater.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]</a><span> </span>Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]</a><span> </span>Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG). Evaluating and Selecting Green Products.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]</a><span> </span>LEED BD+C: New Construction | v4 – LEED v4. Low-emitting materials</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0\">https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-retail-new-construction-data-centers-new-construction-hosp-0</a>  (accessed April 25, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]</a><span> </span>US EPA. An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality\">https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality</a>  (accessed April 23, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]</a><span> </span>LEED v4. EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Third Party Certifications and Labels.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf\">https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/Low%20Emitting%20Third%20Party%20Certifications%20and%20Labels%20June%202017.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]</a><span> </span>Healthy Building Network. Formaldehyde Found in Building Materials. <span> </span><a href=\"https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf\">https://healthybuilding.net/uploads/files/formaldehyde-found-in-building-materials.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]</a><span> </span>USGBC. LEED Facts.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.usgbc.org/articles/leed-facts\">https://www.usgbc.org/articles/leed-facts</a><span> </span> (accessed May 13, 2019).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]</a><span> </span>GreenGuard. Your Guide to Low-And Zero-VOC Paints.<span> </span><a href=\"http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf\">http://greenguard.org/files/LivingGreenPaintGuide.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]</a><span> </span>Ibid.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]</a><span> </span>WBDG. Evaluating and Selecting Green Products.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]</a><span> </span>Cost Helper. How Much Does Painting an Interior Cost?<span> </span><a href=\"http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html\">http://home.costhelper.com/painting-interior.html</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]</a><span> </span>Los Alamos National Laboratory Sustainable Design Guide, Chapter 6: Materials.<span> </span><a href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf\">https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/sustainable_guide_ch6.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-non-toxic-materials/#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]</a><span> </span>NJ DEP. (2015). Disaster Debris Management Planning Tool Kit for New Jersey Municipalities.</p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf\">http://www.nj.gov/dep/dshw/toolkit.pdf</a><span> </span>(accessed April 27, 2018).</p>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.14.8\" custom_padding=\"||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Related Strategies</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-insulation/\">Insulation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/nr-sustainable-materials/\">Sustainable Materials</a></li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.14.9\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<h2>Resources</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/health/iep/index.shtml\">NJ Department of Health and Senior Services – Indoor Environments</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding/index.html\">US EPA Indoor Air Quality – Green Indoor Environments</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/evaluating-and-selecting-green-products\">Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG): Evaluating and Selecting Green Products</a></li>\n<li>Green Product Certifications and Standards:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.carpet-rug.org/commercial-customers/green-building-and-the-environment/index.cfm\">Carpet and Rug Institute (CRI) Green Label Program</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.c2ccertified.org/\">Cradle to Cradle</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.greenguard.org/\">GREENGUARD</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.greenseal.org/Home.aspx\">Green Seal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://living-future.org/\">International Living Future Institute</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ecolabelindex.com/ecolabel/scs-indoor-advantage\">Scientific Certification Systems Indoor Advantage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://mts.sustainableproducts.com/SMaRT_product_standard.html\">SMaRt Consensus Sustainable Product Standards</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]','NR Non-toxic Materials','','inherit','closed','closed','','1388-revision-v1','','','2022-06-23 18:47:53','2022-06-23 18:47:53','',1388,'https://greenmanual.rutgers.edu/?p=2612',0,'revision','',0),